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A comprehensive collection of multiple choice questions covering various chapters of a developmental science textbook. it's a valuable resource for students to test their understanding of key concepts, theories, and research methods in developmental psychology. The questions delve into topics such as process-relational paradigms, cultural influences on development, research methodologies, and developmental psychopathology, offering a robust assessment tool for students at both the university and high school levels.
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e. Nomothetic f. Group differential g. Ideographic h. None of these
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Inferences about causal connections of independent and dependent variables. Generalizability of study results to other settings, populations, and contexts.
External validity refers to the _____: Extent to which the results of studies are applicable to individuals, cultures, communities, settings, treatments, and times different from those existing during the conduct of the study. Appropriateness of inferences made from statistical tests. Inferences about the causal connections of independent and dependent variables. Degree to which variables represent intended constructs.
True Experiments: Both manipulate the independent variable and control for the effects of other variables by random assignment. Manipulate the independent variable. Control for the effects of other variables by random assignment. Have high external validity.
Which of the following best describes cross-sequential designs? Multiple cohorts are followed over the same time interval. One cohort is followed over multiple time intervals. Two cohorts are compared at the same time interval. One cohort is examined at one time interval.
One of the biggest advantages of multiple linear regression is:
It demonstrates whether an independent variable can uniquely predict a dependent variable over and above the contributions made by other independent variables. It can predict one variable from another. It can capture positive and negative associations between two variables. By statistically controlling for confounds, it can determine how one variable causes another.
Which of the following types of measurement validity refers to the extent to which scores on a measure are associated with other variables that the measure is expected to be associated with? Criterion validity Face validity Content validity Construct validity
___ is a distribution’s center or middle. ____ is how much scores vary in a distribution. Central tendency, variability Variability, central tendency Median, standard deviation Standard deviation, median
A model that estimates the latent continuous trajectory of children’s cognitive development from ages 3-17 is an example of a: Latent growth curve model One-way repeated measures ANOVA
Path Analysis Chi-Square Analysis
All of the following are common ways of measuring effect size except: P-values Standardized mean difference-like measures Correlational Measures Confidence Intervals
Chapter 4 Multiple Choice Questions
Subtle deficits No differences Profound delays Greater cortical involvement
Which of the following cortical areas reaches maturity LATEST in human development? Prefrontal cortex Left hemisphere language centers Sensory-motor integration areas Temporal lobe pathways
Note: The correct answer for each question is the first one. The
multiple-choice question test banks are also available here as
downloadable interactive MCQs that you can integrate into your
university's own copies of Moodle or Blackboard.
1. Why is motor development important for developmental science? All of the below For researchers interested in behavior, movement is the target of study. For researchers interested in basic psychological functions, movement is an integral component of ???. For researchers interested in change processes, motor behavior is an easily observable marker of change. 2. Spontaneous movements begin ______ and end _______. In the fetus; at death In the fetus; at birth At birth; in adulthood At birth; at death 3. How does postural control develop? From the head down From the toes up From the center of the body outward In all body parts at once 4. Which of the following is not one of the behaviors newborns must coordinate to successfully nurse? Rooting Sucking Breathing Swallowing 5. Which of the following demonstrates the idea that action systems are more functional than anatomical? Babies can interact with objects with their feet. Adults can walk on their knees or their feet. Looking requires planning to inform subsequent looking. Muscles in the face develop to produce more force for chewing. 6. What does it mean for movements to be “embodied”?
All movements occur in a body and are constrained by the physical and biomechanical constraints of the body People must take into account the movements of other people when making their own movements. Some bodies are better at performing certain movements than others. Different functional actions are constrained to particular body parts.
7. What is the primary driver of improvements in motor behavior? Experience Age Creativity Perception 8. Cultural differences in everyday childrearing routines______________. affect accumulated practice, leading to differences in the form and timing of locomotor skills. have no effect on children’s motor development. affect accumulated practice, but lead to no noticeable differences between children. have no effect on children’s cognitive development. 9. Self-touch always produces what kinds of multimodal information? Proprioceptive and tactile Olfactory and visual Cognitive and auditory Social and emotional 10. Both walking and running gaits____________ may differ between cultures. involve landing on the heel if people are barefoot. are consistent across individuals. emerge in infancy.
Note: The correct answer for each question is the first one. The multiple-
choice question test banks are also available here as downloadable
interactive MCQs that you can integrate into your university’s own copies
of Moodle or Blackboard.
Which of the following research methods should be considered the strongest with respect to the inferences it permits about perceptual development? Use of conditioned head rotation in the study of auditory discrimination Comparisons of brain anatomy of infants and children Measurement of single-cell activity in the sensory cortex of adolescents Observations of changes in infant heart rate during the presentation of a novel event
Which of the following lists represents the correct sequence (from earliest to latest) of the functional development of the five senses during prenatal development? Touch, taste, smell, hearing, vision Taste, smell, touch, vision, hearing Smell, touch, taste, hearing, vision Touch, hearing, smell, taste, vision
At which of the following ages does synaptic “pruning” tend to peak in humans? 1 year, 11 years Birth, 12 years
Multiple-Choice Questions for Chapter 8:
a. highly stable; cross-age correlations with adult IQ are about .70–.80 by 8 or 9 years of age.* b. highly stable, but only for children living in extreme environments (that is, extreme poverty or substantial wealth). c. not highly stable; cross-age correlations never exceed .30–.40 when IQ is assessed over a period of two years or longer. d. not highly stable; IQ is a good predictor of how a person is functioning at a specific time , but is highly variable with situations and thus produces highly different scores when given to the same person at different time, producing cross-age correlations that rarely exceed .30.
a. the fact that every structure has its genesis in previous structures. b. the modification or distortion of new information in order to incorporate it into current schemes or structures. c. the changing of a current scheme or structure in order to incorporate new information. * d. the tendency to integrate structures into higher order systems of structures.
one dimension (e.g., by color , “All the blue cards go here”), and then the dimensions change (e.g., sorting by shape , “Now all the flowers go here.”). Children 3 years of age and younger have a difficult time performing this task when the dimensions change. This task assesses
a. working memory. b. ADHD (attention deficit with hyperactivity disorder). c. metacognition. d. cognitive flexibility, or task switching. *
a. the artificiality of learning rote memory tasks. b. the ability to solve problems. c. the generation of new brain cells after birth. d. the ability to change or adapt to novel situations, including the ability to recover from formerly detrimental circumstances. *
knowledge that have been shaped by natural selection over evolution on which new and flexible skills and knowledge systems (such as reading and arithmetic) are later built. She refers to this as
a. core knowledge. * b. metacognition. c. object constancy. d. representational insight.
a. knowledge that objects exist independent of one's perceptions of and actions on them. * b. knowledge that an inanimate object (i.e., a ball) will remain in a given location when put there, although an animate object (i.e., a rabbit) may not. c. tendency for semantic knowledge of objects to remain permanently in long-term memory. d. ability to memorize the spatial location of permanent objects in the environment.
a. retrospective memory. b. infantile amnesia. * c. anterograde amnesia. d. infantile memory.
with children engaging with other children in role-playing, called a. object-oriented play. b. child-oriented play. c. sociodramatic play. * d. Symbolic function.
a. Semantic memory b. Episodic memory c. Implicit memory * d. Prospective memory
meaningful sign at ____ months:
6; 12; 9 5; 8; 12
12; 18; 20
4; 12; 12
5. Which of the following is true about genes and language development? Vocabulary is more heritable than grammar.
Language heritability decreases with age.
The heritability of language impairment is 3-5%.
None of the above
6. What population provides the best evidence for a critical period in L1?
Some groups of signers
Children with cochlear implants
International adoptees Immigrants
7. What factors underlie performance in nonword repetition?
Language exposure
Literacy Working memory
All of the above
8. Which of these statements accurately describes vocabulary development over one's
lifetime? Vocabulary remains relatively stable after childhood.
A "vocabulary spurt" is often observed in old age.
Vocabulary growth can be exponential, particularly around 18 months.
Vocabulary growth is typically independent from literacy and schooling.
9. Which language skill is mastered the latest? Politeness
Correct generalization of structures
Inflectional morphology Phonological rules
10. What theoretical perspective suggests that children comprehend and produce
language based on their linguistic experiences?
Generativism Universal Grammar
Constructivism or usage-based view
Joint Activation theory
Multiple choice questions
1) A developmental characteristic is considered “constitutional” if it is:
A) Biologically-based B) Environmentally-based C) Contextually-based D) Culturally-based
2) ________ reflects how easily a person becomes emotionally aroused in response to
different situations; ___________refers to how it is modulated.
A) Reactivity; regulation B) Regulation; reactivity C) Inhibition; regulation D) Reactivity; inhibition
3) Sai is a highly active child living in a family that highly values calmness and
compliance and he is at risk of developing externalizing problems. This is an
example of poor_________:
A) Goodness of fit B) Effortful control C) Differential susceptibility D) Emotion regulation
4) The emotions sadness, anger, and joy are examples of emotions within which
theoretical framework?
A) Discrete emotions theory B) Constructivist theory C) Functionalist theory D) Circumplex theory
5) The fact that anger can be expressed many different ways is an example of
________; and that different stimuli may lead to anger is an example of _________.
A) Equipotentiality; equifinality B) Equifinality; equipotentiality C) Ontogeny; equifinality D) Equipotentiality; ontogeny
6) Juan is a 14-year-old who engages in a great deal of risky behavior despite being
able to logically reason about the downsides of taking risks. What might explain this
discrepancy?
A) Developmental timing of the prefrontal cortex and amygdala.
Chapter 11 Multiple Choice Questions
Chapter 12 Multiple Choice Questions
Chapter 13 Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which is a type of dyadic peer experience?
a. popularity b. peer victimization c. friendship d. peer acceptance
2. What is the difference between dyadic and group peer experiences?
a. dyadic experiences involve two peers and group experiences involve more than two peers b. group experiences involve two peers and dyadic experiences involve more than two peers c. dyadic experiences involve cliques and group experiences involve crowds d. dyadic experiences involve crowds and group experiences involve cliques
3. Why are friends similar to each other? a. due to selection or attraction effects b. due to socialization effects c. due to both selection and socialization effects d. none of the above 4. A wide range of behaviors is accepted in what kind of culture? a. independent b. interdependent c. tight d. loose 5. Harming others refers to _____________ violations while ________________ violations involve going against societal expectations and norms.
a. moral; conventional b. personal; conventional c. conventional; moral d. moral; personal
Chapter 15 Multiple Choice Questions
a. Research in the West shows that students’ intrinsic motivation to learn declines over time without repeatedly encountering constructivist teaching practices in schools b. Students’ social positions in society (e.g., socioeconomic background, ethnic and racial identity, gender identity) play important roles in shaping their experiences and development in school c. Curricular differentiation is associated with increased achievement, but not motivation, of high-ability students and increased motivation, but not achievement, of lower-ability students d. None of the above