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Synaptic Transmission: Understanding the Chemical Signals and Processes Involved, Slides of Neurobiology

An in-depth exploration of synaptic transmission, focusing on the nature of the signal that crosses the synapse, the discovery of chemical neurotransmitters, synaptic events, the synaptic transmission model, autoreceptors, and receptor activation. It also covers the role of metabotropic channels, g proteins, and drug interaction terms.

Typology: Slides

2012/2013

Uploaded on 01/10/2013

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devvrata 🇮🇳

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Synaptic Transmission
Lecture 6
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Synaptic Transmission

Lecture 6

SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION

  • What is the nature of the signal that crosses the synapse?
  • Sherrington
    • electrotonic transmission
  • Also proved himself wrong

neural conduction too slow ~

The Prize

  • Search for chemical neurotransmitters (NT)
  • Criteria
  • Synaptic Model ~

Synaptic Events

  • Action Potential reaches axon terminal
  • Chemical substance released

Neurotransmitter (NT)

  • Diffuses across synapse
  • Binds to receptor protein

EPSP or IPSP ~

Autoreceptors

  • On presynaptic terminal
  • Binds NT

same as postsynaptic receptors different receptor subtype

  • Decreases NT release & synthesis
  • Metabotropic receptors
    • alters protein synthesis ~

Receptor Activation

  • Ionotropic channel
    • directly controls channel
    • fast
  • Metabotropic channel
    • second messenger systems
    • receptor indirectly controls channel ~

G protein: direct control

  • NT is 1st messenger
  • G protein binds to channel
    • opens or closes
    • relatively fast ~

G protein: Protein Phosphorylation

  • Open or close channels at resting Vm
  • NT = 1st messenger
  • Membrane-associated components
    • Receptor
    • Transducer
    • Primary effector
  • Intracellular
    • 2d messenger
    • Secondary effector ~

Drug Interaction Terms

  • Competitive vs. Noncompetitive
  • Inverse Agonist
  • Postsynaptic NT antagonist

Decrease postsynaptic NT effects

  • Presynaptic autoreceptor antagonist

Increase postsynaptic NT effects ~