South College
NSG 3113 Pathophysiology for Nurses
Exam 2 Review (Summer 2023 – Hybrid)
Chapter 5 (Burns)
Kinds of burns (and which can cause airway distress and death?) Radiation burns. ...
Chemical burns. ...
Electrical burns.
(thermal vs. non-thermal)
oThermal = Burns due to external heat sources which raise the temperature of the skin
and tissues and cause tissue cell death or charring
oNon-thermal =
Classification of burns (with examples)
oFirst degree (superficial [partial thickness])burns that only affects the skin surface.
oSecond degree (partial thickness) burn that affect the outermost and second skin layer
oThird and fourth-degree (Full-thickness)burn that have killed the skin all the way to the
fatty acids.
Complications following burns: Bacterial infection, which may lead to a bloodstream infection
(sepsis)Fluid loss, including low blood volume (hypovolemia)Dangerously low body temperature
(hypothermia)Breathing problems from the intake of hot air or smoke. Scars or ridged areas
caused by an overgrowth of scar tissue (keloids)
Chapter 8 (Skin Disorders)
Skin cancer types and s/s (and which is most lethal?) It’s an abnormal growth of skin cells, which
is usually caused by the sun’s harmful rays. Melanoma is the most lethal
s/s melanoma is often called "the most serious skin cancer" because it has a tendency to spread.
Keloid:
oDefinition: an area of irregular fibrous tissue formed at the site of a scar or injury
Chapter 10 (Blood and Circulatory System Disorders)
Erythrocytes = a red blood cell that (in humans) is typically a biconcave disc without a nucleus.
Erythrocytes contain the pigment hemoglobin, which imparts the red color to blood, and
transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues.
oNormal range: 4.35 to 5.65 million red blood cells. for men and 3.92 to 5.13 million red
blood cells per mcL
Leukocytes:
oDefinition = a colorless cell that circulates in the blood and body fluids and is involved in
counteracting foreign substances and disease; a white (blood) cell.
oNormal WBC range = 4,000 and 11,000 cells per microliter.
oPurpose/function = White blood cells protect your body against infection. As your white
blood cells travel through your bloodstream and tissues, they locate the site of an
infection and act as an army general to notify other white blood cells of their location to
help defend your body from an attack of an unknown organism. Once your white blood
cell army arrives, they fight the invader by producing antibody proteins to attach to the
organism and destroy it. As part of your immune system
