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Understanding Stress and Its Impact on Health: A Study Guide, Assignments of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences

Study materials for a health and wellness course, focusing on the concepts of stress, its effects on health and performance, different types of stress and personality, and stress management. Students will learn about the difference between eustress and distress, how stress affects overall health and optimal performance, the two major types of behavior patterns or personality types, and various ways to manage stress.

Typology: Assignments

2019/2020

Uploaded on 04/30/2020

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Cassandra McAlister
Lifetime Physical Fitness & Wellness
Deborah Brooks
SP20-HLTH-140-01
4/14/2020
Chapter 7 questions:
1. What is the difference between stress, eustress and distress?
Stress is a physical or mental response the body takes when it goes through a situation
that is brand new, excitement or scary. Eustress and distress are two different ways that
a person may react to stress. In a situation of eustress, the individual’s health and daily
performance stay the same or improves, while distress is the opposite. Distress causes
the person’s health and performance decreases. The stress in this case is harmful,
whereas the stress in eustress may actually be beneficial, or at least non-harmful.
2. How does stress affect overall health? How does it affect optimal performance?
Stress interrupts homeostasis, which is a psychological balance. The immediate effect
of stress is a fight-or-flight reaction. The senses heighten and the body tenses. The
body also tries to resist stress. This may then cause both mental and physical
exhaustion, affecting the body’s health, as well as an inability to cope normally, affecting
the body’s best performance.
3. What are the two major types of behavior patterns or personality types?
The two major types of behavior patterns are Type A and Type B. Type A represents a
person that is mostly hard-driving, ambitious, aggressive, and very competitive. They
are self-motivated and set their own goals, have a sense of urgency, and try to
accomplish many tasks at once. Type B represents someone that is calm, relaxed,
easy-going, and they do tasks one at a time, aren’t hurried, and rarely set deadlines on
their own.
4. Take the hostility questionnaire on page 188 and comment on what you have
learned about your level of hostility.
1: 1 2: 0 3: 0 4: 1 5: 0 6: 0 7: 0 8: 0 9: 1 10: 1 11: 2 12: 0 13: 0
14: 0 15: 2 16: 0
Scoring: 0, 7
NOT hostile.
I was not surprised by this. I am understanding of others, easy-going, and calm. I rarely
get angry so the question about keeping a journal when angry and the daily timeouts I
felt didn’t apply to me. It was an interesting questionnaire to take though and I see how
it would apply to someone that is more Type A, and why the hostile personality would
have negative effects.
5. How important is sleep to one's health? What are the necessary steps in the
management of sleep?
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Cassandra McAlister Lifetime Physical Fitness & Wellness Deborah Brooks SP20-HLTH-140- 4/14/ Chapter 7 questions:

1. What is the difference between stress, eustress and distress? Stress is a physical or mental response the body takes when it goes through a situation that is brand new, excitement or scary. Eustress and distress are two different ways that a person may react to stress. In a situation of eustress, the individual’s health and daily performance stay the same or improves, while distress is the opposite. Distress causes the person’s health and performance decreases. The stress in this case is harmful, whereas the stress in eustress may actually be beneficial, or at least non-harmful. 2. How does stress affect overall health? How does it affect optimal performance? Stress interrupts homeostasis, which is a psychological balance. The immediate effect of stress is a fight-or-flight reaction. The senses heighten and the body tenses. The body also tries to resist stress. This may then cause both mental and physical exhaustion, affecting the body’s health, as well as an inability to cope normally, affecting the body’s best performance. 3. What are the two major types of behavior patterns or personality types? The two major types of behavior patterns are Type A and Type B. Type A represents a person that is mostly hard-driving, ambitious, aggressive, and very competitive. They are self-motivated and set their own goals, have a sense of urgency, and try to accomplish many tasks at once. Type B represents someone that is calm, relaxed, easy-going, and they do tasks one at a time, aren’t hurried, and rarely set deadlines on their own. 4. Take the hostility questionnaire on page 188 and comment on what you have learned about your level of hostility. 1: 1 2: 0 3: 0 4: 1 5: 0 6: 0 7: 0 8: 0 9: 1 10: 1 11: 2 12: 0 13: 0 14: 0 15: 2 16: 0 Scoring: 0, 7 NOT hostile. I was not surprised by this. I am understanding of others, easy-going, and calm. I rarely get angry so the question about keeping a journal when angry and the daily timeouts I felt didn’t apply to me. It was an interesting questionnaire to take though and I see how it would apply to someone that is more Type A, and why the hostile personality would have negative effects. 5. How important is sleep to one's health? What are the necessary steps in the management of sleep?

Sleep is extremely important because it helps the body replenish. It helps with energy levels and with repairing muscles, organs, body tissues, and the brain. To manage sleep, one should have a sleep schedule, exercise but not prior to bed time, avoid eating large meals before bed, relax before bed, have a good mattress, and limit screen time to better help you fall asleep.

6. What are the five steps of time management? How well do you incorporate these into your school/work and leisure time activities? The five steps of time management are: find time killers, set long-range and short-range goals, identify immediate goals and prioritize them for today and this week, use a daily planner to keep your day organized and simplified, and conduct nightly audits. I somewhat incorporate these into my school and work time. I spend more time using a screen than I should. I do incorporate planners into my time as well as goals of what I want to get done for the day. 7. Take the stress test on page 191 and identify the top three-four sources of stress in your life. Change in recreation: 28 Change in work hours or conditions: 35 Change in residence: 47 Personal habits: 26 Social activities: 27 Begin/end college: 38 I think my biggest stressors are moving back in my immediate family, less social time with significant other and friends (COVID-19 social distance), and my lessened amount of exercise and recreation. 8. How does physical exercise aid in stress reduction. Physical exercise helps the body to reduce stress by reducing tension in the body. It also can help the body to relax and can improve a person’s mood. 9. What are the various ways to help manage stress in someone's life? A person can exercise, practice relaxation techniques, or meditate. It is also good to recognize signs of stress, control the level of stress, schedule down time, think optimistically, and take time to un-plug.