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Study Guide for Types of Muscle Tissue
Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research
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Anatomy: Thursday October 6, 2022
Functions of skeletal muscle: o Producing movement o Maintaining posture and body position o Supporting soft tissues o Guarding body entrances and exits o Maintaining body temperature o Storing nutrients Skeletal muscles contain: o Skeletal muscle tissue (primarily) o Connective tissues o Blood vessels o Nerves Collagen fibers of epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium come together: At ends of muscles to form: o A tendon (bundle) o Or aponeurosis (sheet) To attach skeletal muscles to bones Bundle within a Bundle (organization of muscle) & connective tissue wrappings Skeletal muscles have three layers of connective tissue: o Epimysium: [epi= above] a connective tissue wrapping around the bundle of bundles. Layer of collagen fibers that surrounds the muscle o Perimysium: Surrounds muscle fiber bundles (fascicles ). o Endomysium: Surrounds individual muscle cells ( muscle fibers)
Cells called myoblasts, which have one nucleus each, fuse together to form long cylindrical multinucleated cell called a muscle fiber, with its nuclei located at the periphery, and this is surrounded by a sheath of connective tissue called the endomysium. Inside each muscle fiber (muscle cell) are many myofibrils, and these contain myofilaments, which are themselves organized into units called sarcomeres. These are the contractile machinery which actively shorten, and are therefore responsible for skeletal muscle contraction. It is also these sarcomeres that gives skeletal muscle a straited or stripe appearance, and they are the smallest functional unit in the muscle. These myofilaments within are two types, thinner actin filaments and thicker myosin filaments, and the sliding of these filaments past one another is what produces contraction. Each muscle fiber is arranged into a bundle of muscle cells called a fascicle, which is surrounded by a layer of fibrous connective tissue called the perimysium, and multiple muscle fascicles will in turn group together to form an even larger structure surrounded by a layer of dense irregular connective tissue called the epimysium. This group of fascicles along with blood vessels, nerves, and all the tissue comprise an entire skeletal muscle, and these will span joints and attach to bones at least two places. Type of Skeletal muscle:
Histology of muscle
NMJ : neuromuscular junction
Red fibers = oxidative (myoglobin) โ slow fibers โ dark (chicken legs)