Stress - Organizational Behaviour - Lecture Slides, Slides of Organization Behaviour

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Stress

• What is it?

• Sources of stress

• Consequences of

stress

• Coping with stress

What is Stress?

• “A physiological and emotional response to stimuli

( stressors ) that place physical or psychological

demands on an individual”

• The response:
  • Discomfort
  • Anxiety
  • Feelings of being overwhelmed
  • Physical effects
  • Withdrawal

Sources of Stress

• Personal characteristics and circumstances

• Physical and task demands

• Role characteristics

Personal Characteristics

• Type A vs. Type B
  • Type A = competitive, impatient, aggressive
  • Type B = more relaxed, balanced
  • Type A associated with higher levels of stress-related illness
• Personal events
  • Changes in family circumstances
  • Economic pressures
  • Availability of support

Role Characteristics

• Role overload

• Too much to do

• Role ambiguity

• Uncertainty about what to do

• Role conflict

• Incompatible demands

Consequences of Stress

• Emotional consequences
  • Irritability
  • Violent reactions
  • Burnout
• Physical consequences
  • Sleep disturbances (too much or too little)
  • Headaches
  • Ulcers
  • High blood pressure / heart disease
  • Reduced resistance

Emotional exhaustion leading to negative responses to others and eventual withdrawal

Managing Stress

• Social support
  • Family
  • Friends
  • Support groups
• Calming activities
  • Yoga, meditation or prayer
  • Exercise
• Unhealthy coping mechanisms
  • Food
  • Alcohol or medications