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SPECIFICATION FOR STAINLESS STEEL
ELECTRODES FOR FLUX CORED ARC WELDING
AND STAINLESS STEEL FLUX CORED RODS FOR
GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING
SFA-5.
(Identical with AWS Specification A5.22-95)
1. Scope
1.1 This specification prescribes requirements for the
classification of stainless steel electrodes for flux cored
arc welding and flux cored rods for root pass welding
with the gas tungsten arc process.^1 It includes only those
products whose cores contain nonmetallic ingredients
comprising at least 5 wt.% of the electrode or rod.^2
1.2 The chromium content of undiluted weld metal
from these electrodes and rods is not less than 10.5%^3
nominal and the iron content exceeds that of any other
element. For purposes of classification, the iron content
shall be derived as the balance element when all other
elements are considered to be set at their specified
minimum values.
PART A — GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
2. Classification
2.1 The welding electrodes and rods covered by this
specification are classified according to the chemical
1 In ANSI/AWS A5.22-80, stainless steel classifications for 98%
Argon - 2% Oxygen gas shielding existed (EXXXT-2). The combina-
tion of a slag covering and this shielding gas has been found to be
inappropriate for flux cored arc welding and the EXXXT-2 Classifica-
tions have therefore been deleted from A5.22-95.
2 Stainless steel products with less than 5% wt. non-metallic content
are properly classified as metal cored electrodes or rods according
to ANSI/AWS A5.9, Specification for Bare Stainless Steel Welding
Electrodes and Rods.
3 This revision includes the E502T-X and E505T-X classifications.
These electrodes (although they may have differing designators) will
composition of the undiluted weld metal, as specified
in Table 1, the position of welding, the shielding
medium, and type of welding current with which they
are used, as specified in Table 2.
2.2 Electrodes and rods classified under one classifi-
cation may be classified under any other classification
of this specification provided they meet all the require-
ments for those classifications. Table 3 lists a number
of examples of such dual classification.
3. Acceptance
Acceptance^4 of the material shall be in accordance
with the provisions of ANSI/AWS A5.01, Filler Metal
Procurement Guidelines.
4. Certification
By affixing the AWS specification^5 and classification
designations to the packaging, or the classification to
the product, the manufacturer certifies that the product
meets the requirements of this specification.
also be included in the next revision of ANSI/AWS A5.29, Specifica-
tion for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding.
They will be deleted from this specification (ANSI/AWS A5.22) in
the first revision following their incorporation in ANSI/AWS A5.29.
4 See Section A3, Acceptance (in the Annex), for further information
concerning acceptance, testing of material shipped, and ANSI/AWS
A5.01, Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines.
5 See Section A4, Certification (in the Annex), for further information
concerning acceptance and testing called for to meet this requirement.
SFA-5.22 1998 SECTION II
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS FOR UNDILUTED WELD METAL
Weight Percenta,b AWS UNS
(continued)
- TABLE
- E307TX-X W30731 0.13 18.0–20.5 9.0–10.5 0.5–1.5 — 3.30–4.75 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0. Classificationc Numberd C Cr Ni Mo Cb(Nb) + Ta Mn Si P S N Cu
- E308TX-X W30831 0.08 18.0–21.0 9.0–11.0 0.5 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E308LTX-X W30835 0.04 18.0–21.0 9.0–11.0 0.5 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E308HTX-X W30831 0.04–0.08 18.0–21.0 9.0–11.0 0.5 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E308MoTX-X W30832 0.08 18.0–21.0 9.0–11.0 2.0–3.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E308LMoTX-X W30838 0.04 18.0–21.0 9.0–12.0 2.0–3.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E309TX-X W30931 0.10 22.0–25.0 12.0–14.0 0.5 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E309LCbTX-X W30932 0.04 22.0–25.0 12.0–14.0 0.5 0.70–1.00 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E309LTX-X W30935 0.04 22.0–25.0 12.0–14.0 0.5 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E309MoTX-X W30939 0.12 21.0–25.0 12.0–16.0 2.0–3.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E309LMoTX-X W30938 0.04 21.0–25.0 12.0–16.0 2.0–3.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E309LNiMoTX-X W30936 0.04 20.5–23.5 15.0–17.0 2.5–3.5 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E310TX-X W31031 0.20 25.0–28.0 20.0–22.5 0.5 — 1.0–2.5 1.0 0.03 0.03 — 0.
- E312TX-X W31331 0.15 28.0–32.0 8.0–10.5 0.5 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E316TX-X W31631 0.08 17.0–20.0 11.0–14.0 2.0–3.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E316LTX-X W31635 0.04 17.0–20.0 11.0–14.0 2.0–3.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E317LTX-X W31735 0.04 18.0–21.0 12.0–14.0 3.0–4.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E347TX-X W34731 0.08 18.0–21.0 9.0–11.0 0.5 8 × C min 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E409TX-Xe W40931 0.10 10.5–13.5 0.60 0.5 — 0.80 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0. 1.0 max
- E410TX-X W41031 0.12 11.0–13.5 0.60 0.5 — 1.2 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E410NiMoTX-X W41036 0.06 11.0–12.5 4.0–5.0 0.40–0.70 — 1.0 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E410NiTiTX-Xe W41038 0.04 11.0–12.0 3.6–4.5 0.5 — 0.70 0.50 0.03 0.03 — 0.
- E430TX-X W43031 0.10 15.0–18.0 0.60 0.5 — 1.2 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E502TX-Xf W50231 0.10 4.0–6.0 0.40 0.45–0.65 — 1.2 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E505TX-Xf W50431 0.10 8.0–10.5 0.40 0.85–1.20 — 1.2 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E307T0-3 W30733 0.13 19.5–22.0 9.0–10.5 0.5–1.5 — 3.30–4.75 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E308T0-3 W30833 0.08 19.5–22.0 9.0–11.0 0.5 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E308LT0-3 W30837 0.03 19.5–22.0 9.0–11.0 0.5 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E308HT0-3 W30833 0.04–0.08 19.5–22.0 9.0–11.0 0.5 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E308MoT0-3 W30839 0.08 18.0–21.0 9.0–11.0 2.0–3.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E308LMoT0-3 W30838 0.03 18.0–21.0 9.0–12.0 2.0–3.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E308HMoT0-3 W30830 0.07–0.12 19.0–21.5 9.0–10.7 1.8–2.4 — 1.25–2.25 0.25–0.80 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E309T0-3 W30933 0.10 23.0–25.5 12.0–14.0 0.5 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E309LT0-3 W30937 0.03 23.0–25.5 12.0–14.0 0.5 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E309LCbT0-3 W30934 0.03 23.0–25.5 12.0–14.0 0.5 0.70–1.00 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E309MoT0-3 W30939 0.12 21.0–25.0 12.0–16.0 2.0–3.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E309LMoT0-3 W30938 0.04 21.0–25.0 12.0–16.0 2.0–3.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E310T0-3 W31031 0.20 25.0–28.0 20.0–22.5 0.5 — 1.0–2.5 1.0 0.03 0.03 — 0.
- E312T0-3 W31231 0.15 28.0–32.0 8.0–10.5 0.5 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E316T0-3 W31633 0.08 18.0–20.5 11.0–14.0 2.0–3.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E316LT0-3 W31637 0.03 18.0–20.5 11.0–14.0 2.0–3.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E316LKT0-3g W31630 0.04 17.0–20.0 11.0–14.0 2.0–3.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E317LT0-3 W31737 0.03 18.5–21.0 13.0–15.0 3.0–4.0 — 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E347T0-3 W34733 0.08 19.0–21.5 9.0–11.0 0.5 8 × C min 0.5–2.5 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E409T0-3e W40931 0.10 10.5–13.5 0.60 0.5 — 0.80 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0. 1.0 max
- E410T0-3 W41031 0.12 11.0–13.5 0.60 0.5 — 1.0 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E410NiMoT0-3 W41036 0.06 11.0–12.5 4.0–5.0 0.40–0.70 — 1.0 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E410NiTiTO-3e W41038 0.04 11.0–12.0 3.6–4.5 0.5 — 0.70 0.50 0.03 0.03 — 0.
- E430TO-3 W43031 0.10 15.0–18.0 0.60 0.5 — 1.0 1.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.
- E2209TO-X W39239 0.04 21.0–24.0 7.5–10.0 2.5–4.0 — 0.5–2.0 1.0 0.04 0.03 0.08–0.20 0.
- E2553TO-X W39533 0.04 24.0–27.0 8.5–10.5 2.9–3.9 — 0.5–1.5 0.75 0.04 0.03 0.10–0.20 1.5–2.
SFA-5.22 1998 SECTION II
TABLE 3
EXAMPLES OF POTENTIALLY OCCURRING DUAL
CLASSIFIED ELECTRODES
Primary Classification Alternate Classification
E308HTX-1 E308TX-
E308LTX-1 E308TX-
E308LT0-3 E308T0-
E308LTX-1 E308LTX-
E309LT1-1 E309T0-
NOTE:
The “X” after the “T” designates the position of operation. A “O”
indicates flat or horizontal operation; a “1” indicates all position
operation.
TABLE 4
REQUIRED TESTS
Chemical Radiographic Tension Face Bend Root Bend Impact Fillet Weld
Analysis Test Test Test Test Test Test
E2XXXT0-X Required Required Required NR* NR* NR* NR*
E3XXT0-X Required Required Required Required NR* NR* NR*
E316LKT0-3 Required Required Required Required NR* Required NR*
E4XXT0-X Required Required Required NR* NR* NR* NR*
E5XXT0-X Required Required Required NR* NR* NR* NR*
E2XXXT1-X Required Required Required NR* NR* NR* Required
E3XXT1-X Required Required Required Required NR* NR* Required
E4XXT1-X Required Required Required NR* NR* NR* Required
E5XXT1-X Required Required Required NR* NR* NR* Required
R3XXT1-5 Required Required Required NR* Required NR* NR*
*Not required (See A2.3.8)
right-hand place of figures used in expressing the
limiting value for other quantities in accordance with
the rounding-off method given in ASTM E29, Recom-
mended Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test
Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications.
PART B — TESTS, PROCEDURES, AND
REQUIREMENTS
6. Summary of Tests
6.1 The tests required for each classification are
specified in Table 4. The purpose of these tests is to
determine the chemical composition, the mechanical
properties, the usability and the soundness of the weld metal. The base metal for the weld test assemblies,
the welding and testing procedures to be employed and
the results required are given in Sections 8 through 14.
6.2 Chemical analysis is required from weld metal from each size of electrode and rod. The tests for mechanical properties and soundness are conducted on weld metal from the 1 ⁄ 16 in. (1.6 mm) size of electrode and rod. In any case in which that size is not manufac- tured, the size closest to it that is manufactured shall be used for the classification tests. The bend tests are conducted on the largest size manufactured. When required by Table 4, the fillet weld tests shall be conducted on all diameters manufactured.
7. Retest
If the results of any test fail to meet the requirement, that test shall be repeated twice. The results of both retests shall meet the requirement. Specimens for retest may be taken from the original test assembly or a new test assembly. For chemical analysis, retest need be
PART C — SPECIFICATIONS FOR WELDING RODS,
ELECTRODES, AND FILLER METALS SFA-5.
FIG. 1 PAD FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF UNDILUTED WELD METAL
only for those specific elements that failed to meet the
test requirement.
8. Weld Test Assemblies
8.1 Between two and four weld test assemblies are
required (according to the classification under test) for
the tests specified in Table 4. They are as follows:
(a) The weld pad in Fig. 1 for chemical analysis of
the undiluted weld metal
(b) The groove weld in Fig. 2 for tension, impact,
and radiographic testing of the weld metal (c) The groove weld in Fig. 3 for the bend test (d) The fillet weld in Fig. 4 for usability of the
electrode or rod
The sample for chemical analysis may be taken from the reduced section of the fractured tension test specimen or from a corresponding location (or any location above it) in the grove weld in Fig. 2, thereby avoiding the need to make the weld pad. In case of dispute, the weld pad shall be the referee method.
8.2 Preparation of each weld test assembly shall be as prescribed in 8.3, 8.4 and 8.5. Base metal for each assembly shall conform to the following, or an equivalent:
8.2.1 The base metal shall be steel (carbon, alloy, stainless steel or ingot iron) of 0.25 percent carbon, maximum, for chemical analysis of all electrode classi- fications except those with 0.04 wt.% carbon or less
PART C — SPECIFICATIONS FOR WELDING RODS,
ELECTRODES, AND FILLER METALS SFA-5.
FIG. 3A GROOVE WELD ASSEMBLY FOR FACE BEND TEST
SFA-5.22 1998 SECTION II
FIG. 3B GROOVE WELD ASSEMBLY FOR ROOT BEND TEST
SFA-5.22 1998 SECTION II
(low-carbon classifications). For chemical analysis of
these low-carbon classifications, the base metal shall
be steel of 0.03 percent maximum carbon or other steels having a carbon content of 0.25 percent maximum
with the further restrictions specified in 8.3.2.
8.2.2 For the all-weld-metal tension, radiographic,
and impact tests, the steel to be used shall be of a
matching type. Type 304 stainless steel may be used
when testing any of the E3XXTX-X classifications.
Optionally, the steel may conform to one of the follow-
ing specifications or their equivalents, providing two
buttering layers of filler metal as shown in Fig. 2, are
deposited in stringer beads using electrodes or rods of
the same classification as that being classified.
(1) ASTM specification A285, Pressure Vessel
Plates, Carbon Steel, Low- and Intermediate-Tensile
Strength, Grade C
(2) ASTM specification A36, Structural Steel (3) ASTM specification A515, Pressure Vessel
Plates, Carbon Steel, for Intermediate- and Higher-
Temperature Service, Grade 70
8.2.3 For the face bend test, the base metal shall
be of a matching type or Type 304 stainless steel.
8.2.4 For the fillet weld test, the steel to be used shall conform to the following specifications:
(1) For 300 series electrodes—matching or Type 304
stainless steel
(2) For 400 or 500 series electrodes—matching or
carbon steel
(3) For duplex alloy electrodes—matching or Type
304 stainless steel
8.3 Weld Pad
8.3.1 A weld pad shall be prepared as shown in
Fig. 1 (except when one of the alternatives to a weld
pad in 8.1 is selected). Base metal as specified in 8.
shall be used as the base for the weld pad. The surface
of the base metal on which the filler metal is deposited
shall be clean. The pad shall be welded in the flat
position with multiple beads and multiple layers to
obtain undiluted weld metal. The preheat temperature
shall be not less than 60°F (16°C). The slag shall be
removed after each pass. The amperage or wire feed
speed and the arc voltage shall be as recommended
by the manufacturer. The shielding medium and polarity
shall be as specified in Table 2. The pad may be quenched in water between passes (if the pad is to be
used for ferrite determination, see A6.9). The dimensions
of the completed pad shall be as shown in Fig. 1, for
TABLE 5
PREHEAT AND INTERPASS TEMPERATURE
REQUIREMENTS FOR GROOVE WELD TEST
ASSEMBLIES
Temperature
Minimum Maximum
AWS Classification °F °C °F °C
E2XXXTX-X 60 16 300 150
E3XXTX-X 60 16 300 150
R3XXT1-5 60 16 300 150
E4XXTX-X* 300 150 500 260
E5XXTX-X 300 150 500 260
EXXXTX-X Not Specified
* Except for E410TX-X, which shall be 400°F (204°C) minimum
preheat and 600°F (316°C) maximum interpass temperature.
each size of electrode or rod. Testing of this assembly shall be as specified in Section 9, Chemical Analysis.
8.3.2 The pad shall be at least four layers high. More than four layers may be required to obtain undiluted weld metal when base metal containing more than 0.03% carbon is used with the low-carbon classifi- cations (i.e. those with the letter “L” in the designation).
8.4 Groove Weld
8.4.1 Mechanical Properties and Soundness
8.4.1.1 A test assembly shall be prepared and welded as specified in Fig. 2 and in 8.4.1.2 and 8.4.1.3, using base metal of the appropriate type specified in 8.2.2.
8.4.1.2 The test assembly shall be welded in the flat position using the shielding medium and polarity shown in Table 2, and the amperage or wire feed speed and arc voltage recommended by the manufacturer. The test assembly shall be preset or sufficiently re- strained during welding to prevent warpage in excess of five degrees. A welded test assembly that has warped more than five degrees shall be discarded. Welded test assemblies shall not be straightened.
8.4.1.3 The preheat and interpass temperatures shall be as specified in Table 5. These temperatures are measured mid-length of the assembly at a distance of 1 in. (25 mm) from the centerline of the weld. These temperatures are required also for all buttering passes. After each pass, the assembly shall be allowed to cool in air (not quenched in water) to a temperature within the range specified in Table 5.
