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Class exercise materials from a physics 100 course in spring 2009. The exercise covers topics such as speed and velocity of various balls, velocity and acceleration, and quantitative results related to acceleration of carts. Students are asked to rank balls based on speed and identify balls with the same velocity, determine if the acceleration of certain objects is zero, rank carts based on acceleration, and answer other related physics questions.
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Phys 100 Spring 2009
1 Speed and Velocity Various balls move along a straight horizontal path as illustrated. Photographs of the balls at intervals spaced 1 s apart are provided.
1 s 2 s 3 s 4 s 5 s (^) Ball A
1 s 2 s 3 s 4 s 5 s Ball B
5 s 4 s 3 s 2 s 1 s Ball C
1 s 2 s 3 s Ball D
a) Rank the balls in order of increasing speed. b) Which, if any, of the balls have the same velocity?
2 Velocity and Acceleration In which of the following cases is the acceleration of the object described exactly zero? a) A bullet that travels perfectly horizontally with a speed of 200 m/s? b) A ball which swings around in a circle at constant speed. c) A piece of gum which is thrown at a wall and sticks to the wall. d) A ball that is dropped to the floor. e) A ball that is thrown upward. Provide an example of the motion of an everyday object and determine whether the acceler- ation of the object is exactly zero or not.
3 Acceleration: Quantitative results Various carts slide along tracks and their speeds at two times separated by 2 s are as indicated.
Initial Instant Final Instant 20 m/s 2 m/s Cart A
10 m/s 18 m/s Cart B
4 m/s 12 m/s Cart C
Rank the carts in order of increasing (size of) acceleration. Is it true that the larger the acceleration the larger the speed at the final instant?