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General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 4e (Timberlake)
Chapter 8 Solutions
8.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
- The O-H bond in water is polar because
A) it is an ionic bond.
B) oxygen is much more electronegative than hydrogen.
C) oxygen occupies more space than hydrogen.
D) hydrogen is much more electronegative than oxygen.
E) it is a hydrogen bond.
Answer: B
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- A hydrogen bond is
A) an attraction between a hydrogen atom attached to N, O, or F and an N, O, or F atom on
another molecule.
B) a covalent bond between H and O.
C) an ionic bond between H and another atom.
D) a bond that is stronger than a covalent bond.
E) the polar O-H bond in water.
Answer: A
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- Hydrogen bonds are a major factor in the structure of
A) DNA.
B) hydrogen chloride.
C) dry ice.
D) air.
E) table salt.
Answer: A
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- In a solution, the solvent
A) is a liquid.
B) can be a liquid or gas.
C) can be a solid, liquid, or gas.
D) is never a solid.
E) is the substance present in the smallest concentration.
Answer: C
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
1
- Which of the following molecules can form hydrogen bonds?
A) CH
B) NaH
C) NH
D) BH
E) HI
Answer: C
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- A solution is prepared by dissolving 2 g of KCl in 100 g of H 2
O. In this solution, H 2
O is the
A) solute.
B) solvent.
C) solution.
D) solid.
E) ionic compound.
Answer: B
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- Oil does not dissolve in water because
A) oil is polar.
B) oil is nonpolar.
C) water is nonpolar.
D) water is saturated.
E) oil is hydrated.
Answer: B
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- When KCl dissolves in water
A) the Cl
ions are attracted to dissolved K
ions.
B) the Cl
ions are attracted to the partially negative oxygen atoms of the water molecule.
C) the K
ions are attracted to Cl
ions on the KCl crystal.
D) the K
ions are attracted to the partially negative oxygen atoms of the water molecule.
E) the K
ions are attracted to the partially positive hydrogen atoms of the water molecule.
Answer: D
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
2
- How many equivalents are present in 5.0 g of Al
A) 15 Eq
B) 0.56 Eq
C) 0.19 Eq
D) 0.37 Eq
E) 3 Eq
Answer: B
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- How many equivalents are present in 5.0 moles of Al
A) 15 Eq
B) 1.3 Eq
C) 5.0 Eq
D) 0.67 Eq
E) 3.0 Eq
Answer: A
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- An intravenous replacement solution contains 4.0 mEq/L of Ca
ions. How many grams of
Ca
are in 3.0 L of the solution?
A) 0.24 g
B) 0.80 g
C) 0.40 g
D) 240 g
E) 4.0 g
Answer: A
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- When some of the sugar added to iced tea remains undissolved at the bottom of the glass, the
solution is
A) dilute.
B) polar.
C) nonpolar.
D) saturated.
E) unsaturated.
Answer: D
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
4
- The solubility of KI is 50 g in 100 g of H 2
O at 20 °C. If 110 grams of KI are added to 200
grams of H 2
O,
A) all of the KI will dissolve.
B) the solution will freeze.
C) the solution will start boiling.
D) a saturated solution will form.
E) the solution will be unsaturated.
Answer: D
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- An increase in the temperature of a solution usually
A) increases the boiling point.
B) increases the solubility of a gas in the solution.
C) increases the solubility of a solid solute in the solution.
D) decreases the solubility of a solid solute in the solution.
E) decreases the solubility of a liquid solute in the solution.
Answer: C
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- Which one of the following compounds will NOT be soluble in water?
A) NaOH
B) PbS
C) K
SO
D) LiNO 3
E) MgCl 2
Answer: B
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- Which one of the following compounds will NOT be soluble in water?
A) LiOH
B) K
S
C) BaSO 4
D) NaNO 3
E) MgCl 2
Answer: C
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
5
- According to Henry's law, the solubility of a gas in a liquid
A) decreases as the gas pressure above the liquid increases.
B) increases as the gas pressure above the liquid increases.
C) remains the same as the temperature increases.
D) depends on the liquid polarity.
E) depends on the liquid density.
Answer: B
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- The mass percent concentration refers to
A) grams of solute in 1 kg of solvent.
B) grams of solute in 1 kg of solution.
C) grams of solute in 100 g of solvent.
D) grams of solute in 100 g of solution.
E) grams of solvent in 100 g of solution.
Answer: D
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- The mass/volume percent concentration refers to
A) grams of solute in 1 L of solvent.
B) grams of solute in 1 L of solution.
C) grams of solute in 100 mL of solvent.
D) grams of solute in 100 mL of solution.
E) grams of solvent in 100 mL of solution.
Answer: D
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- What is the concentration, in mass percent, of a solution prepared from 50.0 g NaCl and
150.0 g of water?
A) 0.250%
B) 33.3%
C) 40.0%
D) 25.0%
E) 3.00%
Answer: D
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
7
- Rubbing alcohol is 70.% isopropyl alcohol by volume. How many mL of isopropyl alcohol
are in a 1 pint (473 mL) container?
A) 70. mL
B) 0.15 mL
C) 680 mL
D) 470 mL
E) 330 mL
Answer: E
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- What is the concentration, in m/v percent, of a solution prepared from 50. g NaCl and 2.5 L
of water?
A) 5.0%
B) 2.0%
C) 0.020%
D) 0.050%
E) 20.%
Answer: B
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- How many grams of glucose are needed to prepare 400. mL of a 2.0%(m/v) glucose
solution?
A) 800. g
B) 0.0050 g
C) 8.0 g
D) 2.0 g
E) 200. g
Answer: C
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- A patient needs to receive 85 grams of glucose every 12 hours. What volume of a 5.0%(m/v)
glucose solution needs to be administered to the patient each 12 hours?
A) 1700 mL
B) 60 mL
C) 6000 mL
D) 17 mL
E) 204 mL
Answer: A
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
8
- When 200. mL of water are added to 100. mL of 12% KCl solution the final concentration of
KCl is (Assume the volumes add.)
A) 12%.
B) 4.0%.
C) 36%.
D) 6.0%.
E) 8.0%.
Answer: B
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- The molarity (M) of a solution refers to
A) moles of solute/L of solution.
B) moles of solute/L of solvent.
C) moles of solute/100 mL of solution.
D) grams of solute/100 mL of solution.
E) grams of solute/L of solution.
Answer: A
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- What is the molarity of a solution containing 5.0 moles of KCl in 2.0 L of solution?
A) 2.5 M
B) 1.0 M
C) 5.0 M
D) 10. M
E) 2.0 M
Answer: A
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- What is the molarity of a solution which contains 58.5 g of sodium chloride dissolved in
0.500 L of solution?
A) 0.500 M
B) 1.00 M
C) 1.50 M
D) 2.00 M
E) 4.00 M
Answer: D
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
10
- How many moles of CaCl 2
are in 250 mL of a 3.0 M of CaCl 2
solution?
A) 750 moles
B) 1.3 moles
C) 83 moles
D) 0.75 mole
E) 3.0 moles
Answer: D
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- What volume of a 1.5 M KOH solution is needed to provide 3.0 moles of KOH?
A) 3.0 L
B) 0.50 L
C) 2.0 L
D) 4.5 L
E) 0.22 L
Answer: C
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- During the process of diluting a solution to a lower concentration,
A) the amount of solute does not change.
B) the amount of solvent does not change.
C) there is more solute in the concentrated solution.
D) the volume of the solution does not change.
E) water is removed from the concentrated solution.
Answer: A
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- What is the molarity of a KCl solution made by diluting 75.0 mL of a 0.200 M solution to a
final volume of 100. mL?
A) 0.267 M
B) 0.150 M
C) 0.200 M
D) 6.67 M
E) 0.100 M
Answer: B
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
11
- Use the reaction: 2AgNO 3 ( aq ) + H 2
SO
( aq ) → Ag 2
SO
( s ) + 2H 2 O( l )
What volume of 0.123 M AgNO 3 ( aq ) is needed to form 0.657 g of Ag 2
SO
( s )?
A) 34.2 L
B) 17.1 mL
C) 34.2 mL
D) 10.7 mL
E) 53.4 mL
Answer: C
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- A homogeneous mixture that does not settle out upon standing is
A) an element.
B) a colloid.
C) a suspension.
D) homogeneous.
E) hydrated.
Answer: B
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- In the process known as osmosis, __________ moves through a semipermeable membrane
into an area of __________ concentration.
A) solute; lower solute
B) solute; higher solute
C) solvent; lower solute
D) solvent; lower solvent
E) solvent; higher solvent
Answer: D
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
For the question(s) that follow, consider a 4% starch solution and a 10% starch solution
separated by a semipermeable membrane.
- Which starch solution will decrease in volume as osmosis occurs?
A) 4%
B) 10%
C) Neither exerts osmotic pressure.
D) They exert equal osmotic pressures.
E) They exert opposite osmotic pressures.
Answer: A
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
13
- The process that occurs in this system is
A) filtration.
B) hydration.
C) neutralization.
D) dialysis.
E) osmosis.
Answer: E
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- Which of the following occurs in this system?
A) Water flows equally in both directions.
B) There is a net flow of water from the 4% starch solution into the 10% starch solution.
C) There is a net flow of water from the 10% starch solution into the 4% starch solution.
D) Water does not cross the membrane at all.
E) Starch moves out of the 10% starch solution into the 4% starch solution.
Answer: B
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- A solution with the same osmotic pressure as the blood is
A) isotonic to the blood.
B) hypotonic to the blood.
C) hypertonic to the blood.
D) nontonic to the blood.
E) molar to the blood.
Answer: A
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- A solution that has an osmotic pressure less than that of red blood cells is called
A) saturated.
B) hypertonic.
C) isotonic.
D) hypotonic.
E) unsaturated.
Answer: D
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
14
- An aqueous mixture containing starch (a colloid), NaCl, glucose, and albumin (a colloid) is
placed in a dialyzing bag and immersed in distilled water. Which of the following correctly
describes the location of the indicated substance after dialysis?
A) albumin, inside
B) starch outside
C) albumin inside and outside
D) water inside only
E) starch inside and outside
Answer: A
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- 1.0 mole of NaCl is added to 1.0 L of water. The freezing point of the solution will be
__________ the freezing point of pure water.
A) higher than
B) lower than
C) the same as
Answer: B
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
8.2 Bimodal Questions
- Acetic acid can be classified as a(n) __________.
A) gas
B) solid
C) weak electrolyte
D) strong electrolyte
E) ionic compound
Answer: C
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- NaCl can be classified as a __________.
A) gas
B) liquid
C) weak electrolyte
D) strong electrolyte
E) nonelectrolyte
Answer: D
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
16
- Methanol, CH 3
OH, can be classified as a __________.
A) gas
B) solid
C) weak electrolyte
D) strong electrolyte
E) nonelectrolyte
Answer: E
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- Using a kidney machine to remove waste products from the blood is known as __________.
A) osmosis
B) osmolysis
C) autolysis
D) hemolysis
E) hemodialysis
Answer: E
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- A mixture in which one component settles is called a(n) __________.
A) solution
B) colloid
C) suspension
D) electrolyte
E) nonelectrolyte
Answer: C
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- The molarity of a solution of 5.0 g of KCl in 100. mL of solution is __________.
A) 0.038 M
B) 0.067 M
C) 0.67 M
D) 0.13 M
E) 1.3 M
Answer: C
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
17
- In the following equation, __________ will form a precipitate.
NaCl + AgNO 3
→ AgCl + NaNO 3
Answer: AgCl
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- In the following equation, __________ will form a precipitate.
BaCl 2
+ H
SO
→ BaSO 4
Answer: BaSO 4
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- The number of moles of a compound dissolved in one liter of a solution is called the
__________.
Answer: molarity
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- Substances whose particles in solution scatter light and pass through filters but cannot pass
through semipermeable membranes are called __________.
Answer: colloids
Objective: 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
19
8.4 Matching Questions
Identify the term defined in each description.
A) hypotonic
B) unsaturated
C) hydrogen bonding
D) saturated
E) hypertonic
F) hydration
- a solution that contains the highest amount of solute that dissolves at a given temperature
Objective: 8.1, 8.3, 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- the major attraction between water molecules
Objective: 8.1, 8.3, 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- the association of several water molecules with ions produced in a solution
Objective: 8.1, 8.3, 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- a solution in which more solute can be dissolved
Objective: 8.1, 8.3, 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
- a solution that has a higher osmotic pressure than the red blood cells of the body
Objective: 8.1, 8.3, 8.
Global Outcomes: GO
Answers: 1) D 2) C 3) F 4) B 5) E
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