













































Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Community
Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts
Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users
Free resources
Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors
Sociology Notes Sociology Notes Sociology Notes Sociology Notes Sociology Notes Sociology Notes Sociology Notes Sociology Notes Sociology Notes
Typology: Lecture notes
1 / 53
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!
“Socio has a long past but a short history”
where you are not guided by emotions. Logical analysis - Not a biased individual Characteristics of sociology now(modern times)(as a branch of social science): 1. It is developed as an independent social science (as opposed to a physical science) 2.. 3.. 4.. Scope and subject matter of sociology: 1. sociological analysis of the social facts - a sociologist will understand a particular practice as a social fact and why the do this practice although it may not be relevant in present times - why it is happening and how is it influencing the members of the group. 2. Studying social institution and social process 3. Social research (imp). All generalizations are based on research. Earlier the focus was on unified social science but now the focus is on specialization Two imp schools of thought discussing the subject matter of sociology (scope of subject):
(the individual positions). Also, will be able to understand simulatanously how they are all working and so how the game is played.
sciences. As you move up it becomes complex (the data is most complex). Socio is at epics and mathematics at the base Another concept intro by him- social static and social dynamic. This imp at it is the very initial phase of the development of the study. Have to trace the progress of development at different phases. The dynamics which are continuing. Need to understand how this has a relation w the other institutions in the present context. Fam when existing in the present time- nature and scope of fam rn, but that’s not enough need to understand the progress
Applied Darwinism in the field of sociology. Organic analogy Major contr: presentation of the concept of system and order in society. Just like in the bdy there is a system and Analogy of living organism in society (principles of bio in field of soc). This was subject to lots of criticism. Three major concepts:
Existence and Social Coordination
Based on these divisions of labour he has spoken about law as an index of social solidarity.
that flourishes. He was amazed to see that capitalism flourished in countries where the majority were protestants.
His theory is historical dialectic materialism. Antithesis and synthesis. Historical- used historical method to justify his theory Materialism- in contract w idealism. Marx was greatly influenced by Hegel. But Hegel propagated idealism, Marx totally reversed this idea.
There is one ultimate reality and we are all real as we are sharing this reality. Idealism talks about idea being reality. Everything is an extension of an idea. First there is a positive state of mind and then there arises a negative state. Cannot stay in any one state of mind for a long time. But since it changes, a new product emerges which is due to antithesis and synthesis Materialism talks about this life being reality. Have to enjoy this life Marx agrees w Hegel’s process. But he said that everything isn’t an extension of an idea, rather of matter. More specifically, the economy. First criticism- absolute communism isn’t possible even in those countries following the Karl Marx Theory. Second criticism- he talks about haves and have nots but he explicitly doesn’t talk about the middle social group. Nowadays this middle group is dominating the society. it has emerged as one of the major groups of society.
[Functionalism- this is one of the social perspectives that talks about the interdepends of the different part as a whole and how they contribute to social progress as a whole] I. Malinowski Malinowski objects that Herbert Spencer is limiting his views. He thinks it is better categorised under evolutionism rather than functionalism. He talks about functionalism in terms of cultural, social harmony and balance. He doesn’t restrict himself to the evolution process. This is why he us known as father of functionalism. He studied how different units of culture perform their functions and operate. Cultural functionalism or individualistic functionalism- human needs and how different units of culture help in actualization of these needs Needs-
AGIL- Adaptation| Goal attainment| Integration| Latency (Tension mgmt.)