Docsity
Docsity

Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity


Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan


Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips

Understanding the Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture, Quizzes of Introduction to Sociology

The effects of climate change on agricultural productivity, focusing on extreme weather events, changing precipitation patterns, and the potential for adaptation strategies. It provides insights into the challenges farmers face in adapting to these changes and the role of scientific research in developing sustainable agricultural practices.

Typology: Quizzes

2016/2017

Uploaded on 12/06/2017

elane5856
elane5856 🇺🇸

3 documents

1 / 27

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
TERM 1
Social Equality
DEFINITION 1
a condition in which no differences in wealth, power,
prestige, or status based on nonnatural conventions exist
TERM 2
Dialectic
DEFINITION 2
a two-directional relationship
TERM 3
Equality of Opportunity
DEFINITION 3
the idea that everyone has an equal chance to achieve
wealth, social power, and prestige as the rules are equal
TERM 4
Bourgeois Society
DEFINITION 4
society of commerce in which the max profit is the primary
business incentive
TERM 5
Equality of Condition
DEFINITION 5
The idea that everyone should have an equal starting point
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a
pf1b

Partial preview of the text

Download Understanding the Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture and more Quizzes Introduction to Sociology in PDF only on Docsity!

Social Equality

a condition in which no differences in wealth, power,

prestige, or status based on nonnatural conventions exist

TERM 2

Dialectic

DEFINITION 2

a two-directional relationship

TERM 3

Equality of Opportunity

DEFINITION 3

the idea that everyone has an equal chance to achieve

wealth, social power, and prestige as the rules are equal

TERM 4

Bourgeois Society

DEFINITION 4

society of commerce in which the max profit is the primary

business incentive

TERM 5

Equality of Condition

DEFINITION 5

The idea that everyone should have an equal starting point

Equality of Outcome

the idea that each player must end up with the same amount

TERM 7

Free Rider Problem

DEFINITION 7

when more than one person is responsible for the job that

everyone helps

TERM 8

Estate System

DEFINITION 8

a politically based system of stratification characterised by

limited social mobility

TERM 9

Caste System

DEFINITION 9

a religion-based system of stratification characterised by no

social mobility

TERM 10

Class System

DEFINITION 10

an economically based hierarchical system characterised by

cohesive, oppositional groups and loose social mobility

Meritocracy

a society where status and mobility are based on individual

attributed, ability, and achievement

TERM 17

Socioeconomic Status

DEFINITION 17

an individuals position in a stratified social order

TERM 18

Income

DEFINITION 18

money received by a person for work, from transfers, or from

investment

TERM 19

Wealth

DEFINITION 19

your net worth

TERM 20

Upper Class

DEFINITION 20

A term for the economic elite

Middle Class

individuals with non-manual jobs that pay significantly more

than the poverty line

TERM 22

Social Mobility

DEFINITION 22

movement between different positions within a system of

social stratification in any given society

TERM 23

Structural Mobility

DEFINITION 23

mobility that is inevitable from changed in the economy

TERM 24

Exchange Mobility

DEFINITION 24

if we hold fixed the changing distribution of jobs, individuals

trade jobs not one-to-one but in a way ultimately balances

out

TERM 25

Status-attainment Model

DEFINITION 25

approach that ranks individuals by socioeconomic status

Biological Determinism

line of thought that explains social behaviour in terms of who

you are in the natural world

TERM 32

Hegemonic Masculinity

DEFINITION 32

the condition in which men are dominant and privileged

TERM 33

Gender Roles

DEFINITION 33

sets of behavioural norms assumed to accompany one's

status as a male and female

TERM 34

Patriarchy

DEFINITION 34

universal system involving the subordination of femininity to

masculinity

TERM 35

Structural

Functionalism

DEFINITION 35

theoretical tradition claiming that every society has certain

structures that exist to fulfil some set of necessary functions

Sex Role Theory

men and women perform their sex roles as breadwinners

and wives/mothers

TERM 37

Homosexual

DEFINITION 37

the social identity of a person who has sexual attraction to

and/or relations with other persons of the same sex

TERM 38

Sexism

DEFINITION 38

occurs when a person's sex or gender is the basis for

judgment, discrimination, and hatred against him or her

TERM 39

Sexual Harrassment

DEFINITION 39

an illegal form of discrimination in a sexual way

TERM 40

Glass Ceiling

DEFINITION 40

an invisible limit on women's climb up the occupational

ladder

Ontological Equality

the philosophical and religious notion that all people are

created equal

TERM 47

Social Darwinism

DEFINITION 47

survival of the fittest

TERM 48

Eugenics

DEFINITION 48

literally meaning "well born"

TERM 49

Nativism

DEFINITION 49

the movement to protect and preserve indigenous land or

culture from the allegedly dangerous and polluting effects of

new immigrants

TERM 50

One-drop Rule

DEFINITION 50

belief that "one drop" of black blood makes a person black

Misegenation

technical term for interracial marriage

TERM 52

Racialisation

DEFINITION 52

formation of a new racial identity by drawing ideological

boundaries of difference around a formerly unnoticed group

of people

TERM 53

Ethnicity

DEFINITION 53

one's ethnic quality or affiliation

TERM 54

Symbolic Ethnicity

DEFINITION 54

a past or future nationality

TERM 55

Straight-line Assimilation

DEFINITION 55

universal and linear model for how immigrants migrate

Collective Resistance

an organised effort to chance a power hierarchy on the part

of a less-powerful group in a society

TERM 62

Prejudice

DEFINITION 62

thoughts and feelings about an ethnic or racial group

TERM 63

Discrimination

DEFINITION 63

harmful or negative acts against people on the basis of their

racial category

TERM 64

Institutional Racism

DEFINITION 64

institutions and social dynamics that may seem race-neutral

but actually disadvantage minority groups

TERM 65

Endogamy

DEFINITION 65

marriage to someone within one's social group

Exogamy

marriage to someone outside one's social group

TERM 67

Monogamy

DEFINITION 67

having one sexual partner or spouse at a time

TERM 68

Polygamy

DEFINITION 68

marrying multiple spouses

TERM 69

Polyandry

DEFINITION 69

having multiple husbands simultaneously

TERM 70

Polygyny

DEFINITION 70

having multiple wives simultaneously

Second Shift

women's responsibility for household and children care

TERM 77

Miscegenation

DEFINITION 77

technical term for interracial marriage

TERM 78

Education

DEFINITION 78

process through academic, social, and cultural ideas and

tools, both general and specific are developed

TERM 79

Hidden Circumstances

DEFINITION 79

the nonacademic and less over socialisation functions of

schooling

TERM 80

Social Capital

DEFINITION 80

information, knowledge of people, and connections that help

individuals enter, gain power in, or leverage social networks

Tracking

a way of dividing classes by ability or future plans

TERM 82

Credentialism

DEFINITION 82

overemphasis on credentials for signalling social status or

qualifications for a job

TERM 83

Affirmative Action

DEFINITION 83

set of policies that grant preferential treatment to a number

of particular subgroups within the population

TERM 84

Social Class or Socioeconimic

DEFINITION 84

an individual's position in a stratified social order

TERM 85

Cultural Capital

DEFINITION 85

the symbolic and interactional resources that people use to

their advantage in various situations

Corporation

a legal entity unto itself that has a legal person-hood distinct

from that of its own members

TERM 92

Alienation

DEFINITION 92

a condition in which people are dominated by forces of their

own creation that then confront them as alien powers

TERM 93

Socialism

DEFINITION 93

an economic system in which the needs of the population are

met through non-market methods of distribution

TERM 94

Communism

DEFINITION 94

a political ideology of a classless society in which the means

of production are shared through state ownership and in

which rewards are tied not to productivity but to need

TERM 95

Family Wage

DEFINITION 95

a wage paid to male workers sufficient to support a

dependent wife and children

Service

Sector

the section of the economy that involved providing intangible

services

TERM 97

Monopoly

DEFINITION 97

form of business that occurs when one seller of a good or

service dominates the market to the exclusion of others

TERM 98

Oligopoly

DEFINITION 98

the economic condition that exists when a handful of firms

effectively control a particular market

TERM 99

Offshoring

DEFINITION 99

a business decision to move all or part of a company's

operations abroad to minimize costs

TERM 100

Union

DEFINITION 100

an organisation of workers designed to facilitate collective

bargaining with an employer