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This comprehensive study guide provides essential information on various medications, their dosages, routes of administration, and contraindications, crucial for aemt protocols. it also covers critical procedures like airway management, intubation techniques, and emergency response protocols, including handling of seizures, shock, and cardiac arrest. The guide is designed to aid students in mastering essential aemt skills and knowledge.
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Acetylsalicylic Acid ✔✔Aspirin
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) class ✔✔Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID)
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) action ✔✔Platelet inhibition
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) dose ✔✔Adult:
324mg PO (81mg tablets x 4)
Pediatric:
not recommended for use
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) route ✔✔PO - Chew and swallow
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) contraindications ✔✔Allergy to aspirin
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) adverse reactions ✔✔None
Activated charcoal
Class ✔✔Adsorbent
Activated charcoal
Action ✔✔Inhibits gastrointestinal absorption of toxic substances
Activated charcoal
Dose ✔✔Adult:
50gm PO
Pediatric:
1gm/kg PO;
minimum dose 10gm
Maximum dose 50gm
Action ✔✔Bronchodilator
Albuterol (Proventil)
Dose ✔✔Both adults and pediatrics:
2.5 mg and 3 mL SVN, repeat until improved
Albuterol (Proventil)
Route ✔✔Inhalation by oxygen nebulization
Albuterol (Proventil)
Contraindications ✔✔Hypersensitivity to the drug
Albuterol (Proventil)
Adverse reactions ✔✔Tachycardia
palpitations
anxiousness
headache
Bronchodilator metered dose inhaler
Class ✔✔Sympathomimetic
Bronchodilator metered dose inhaler
Action ✔✔Bronchodilator
Bronchodilator metered dose inhaler
Dose ✔✔Both Adult and Pediatric:
Assisted patient in administering his or her own bronchodilator metered dose inhaler exactly as prescribed
Bronchodilator metered dose inhaler
Route ✔✔Inhalation
Bronchodilator metered dose inhaler
Contraindications ✔✔Hypersensitivity to the drug
Bronchodilator metered dose inhaler
1 mg/kg IM/IV
Maximum 50 mg
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl)
Route ✔✔IV or deep IM
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl)
Contraindications ✔✔Hypersensitivity to the drug
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl)
Adverse reactions ✔✔Sedation
palpations
decreased blood pressure headache
dries (thickens) bronchial secretions
blurred vision
Epinephrine
Class ✔✔Sympathomimetic
Epinephrine
Action ✔✔Bronchodilation
positive chronotrope
positive initrope
Epinephrine
Dose ✔✔Adult:
1:1000, 0.5 mg IM; may repeat q 15 min. Up to max 1.5 mg
pediatric:
0.01 mg/kg IM; max single dose 0.3 mg; may repeat q 15 min. Up to max 0.9 mg
Epinephrine
Route ✔✔IM
IV
ETT
SVN
positive initrope
Epinephrine Auto-injector
Dose ✔✔Both adult and pediatrics:
Assist patient with his or her own epinephrine auto-injector
Epinephrine Auto-injector
Route ✔✔IM
Epinephrine Auto-injector
Contraindications ✔✔Underlining cardiovascular disease/angina;
hypertension;
pregnancy;
patient over 40 years of age; hyperthyroidism
Epinephrine Auto-injector
Adverse reactions ✔✔Palpations due to tachycardia or ectopic beats may produce arrhythmia if cardiac disease present;
elevation of blood pressure; headache;
anxiousness
Glucagon
Class ✔✔Insulin antagonist
Glucagon
Action ✔✔Reverses the effects of hypoglycemia
Glucagon
Dose ✔✔Adult:
1 mg IM for no IV access
Pediatric:
.5 mg IM for no IV access
Glucagon
Route ✔✔IV
Pediatric:
Up to 25 gm glucose between the gum and Cheek if gag reflex is presence and as tolerated
Glucose
D50 dose ✔✔Adult:
25 gm slow IVP
Pediatric:
See specific protocol for dosing based on weight, age, and concentration
Glucose
D10 (10% dextrose in 250 ml NS) dose ✔✔Both Adult and Pediatrics:
1ml/kg max dose 250ml
Glucose
D10 (10% dextrose in 250 ml NS) route ✔✔Slow IVP
IV drip
Glucose
Contraindications ✔✔None
Glucose
Adverse reactions ✔✔None
Naloxone hydrochloride ✔✔Narcan
Naloxone hydrochloride (narcan)
Class ✔✔Narcotic antagonist
Naloxone hydrochloride (narcan)
Action ✔✔Reverses effects of narcotics
Naloxone hydrochloride (narcan)
Adult Dose ✔✔0.4 - 2.0 mg
Naloxone hydrochloride (narcan)
Contraindications ✔✔Patient with a history of hypersensitivity to the drug; intubated patients;
the newly born during initial resuscitation
Naloxone hydrochloride (narcan)
Adverse reactions ✔✔Rapid administration causes projectile vomiting
Nitroglycerin
Class ✔✔Vasodilator
Nitroglycerin
Action ✔✔Dilated systemic arteries and veins;
reduces both preload and afterload
Nitroglycerin
Dose ✔✔Adults:
Assist patient with own nitro as prescribed; may repeat 3 times.
pediatrics:
See specific protocol
Nitroglycerin
Route ✔✔Sublingual
Spray or tablet
Nitroglycerin
Contraindications ✔✔Hypotension, systolic pressure below 100 MMHG unless ordered by physician;
Bradycardia;
Tachycardia, heart rate greater than 100 BPM;
use of Viagra (sildenafil) or similar medication within the past 24 hours;
Pediatrics, age for a destination ✔✔Less than 18 years old
Pediatrics, age for protocols ✔✔12 years old or less
Profound altered mental status ✔✔Defined as:
A deficit that includes disorientation, bewilderment, and difficulty following commands.
Implement with all respiratory distress ✔✔Pulse ox and capnography
Status epilepticus ✔✔Two or more seizures successfully without a lucid period, or a seizure lasting over five minutes
Grand mall seizures ✔✔(Generalized) are associated with loss of consciousness, incontinence, and oral trauma
Focal seizures ✔✔Affect only part of the body and are not usually associated with loss of consciousness
Hypotension defined as ✔✔BP less than 90 systolic, not always reliable, and should be interpreted in context and patients typical BP
Hypovolemic shock ✔✔Hemorrhage,
trauma,
G.I. bleeding,
ruptured aortic aneurysm,
or pregnancy related bleeding
Cardiogenic shock ✔✔Heart failure,
MI,
cardiomyopathy,
myocardial contusion,
toxins
Distributive shock ✔✔Sepsis,
anaphylaxis,
