Small intestine
Divided into three parts:
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
Function:
*digestion
*absorption
*secreted certain hormones
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Anatomy and Function of the Small Intestine: Structure, Absorption, and Secretion, Study notes of Anatomy
An in-depth exploration of the small intestine, its division into three parts (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), and its functions in digestion, absorption, and secretion. Key features include plicae circulares, intestinal villi, microvilli, and various types of cells (goblet, absorptive, Paneth, and endocrine) in the small intestinal gland. The document also discusses the muscularis, serosa/adventitia, and regional differences in the small intestine.
Typology: Study notes
2021/2022
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Small intestine
Divided into three parts:
duodenumjejunumileum
Function:
digestionabsorption *secreted certain hormones
*small finger- or leaf-like projection of the mucosa,
found only in the small intestine; varying in the form and height in different regionbeing covered by epith.*having a core of lamina propria withcapillary network, a central lacteal andfew smooth muscle fibers.
Intestinal villi
microvilli:
the minute projections (1 μm long
and about 0.1 μm wide) of cell membranes
The inner surface of small intestine can be greatly enlarged by:* plicae circularesX 3.* villiX 10.* microvilliX 20.
gland
villus
Core of villusepithelium
Artery Lacteal
vein
Longitudinal section of small intestine
H.E. staining
Smooth muscle
5.1.2 lamina propria
* C.T. containing lymphatictissue, solitary lymphaticnodule, intestinal glands.* protrudes into the lumentogether with epithelium toform villi.
5.1.1 Epithelium* Simple columnar epith.
Small intestinal gland
*infolding the epithelium to the lamina propria
at the base of villus
*types of cells:
Goblet c.Absorptive c.Paneth cStem c.Endocrine c.
absorptive cells
- a tall columnar cell with ovoid nucleus
located toward the base.
striated border
formed by closely
packed, parallel microvilli
goblet cells
EM of goblet cells
{
The RER is present mainly in the basalportion of the cell
{
the cell apex is filled with light secretorygranules (SG) some of which are beingdischarged.
{
The Golgi complex (G) lies just above thenucleus.
function:secrete mucus.
Paneth cells
EM of paneth cell
5.3 muscularis5.4 serosa/adventitia
glial cell
Nerve cell
Lymphatictissue
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
Glands insubmucosa
Present
none
none
Goblet C.
leaf-like
Villi shape
finger-like
becoming smaller
Regional differences in the small intestine
aggregated lymphatic nodule
scattered lymphacytes,solitary lymphaticnodule
Same as induodenum