Sliding Muscles Filament worksheet and types of Muscles, Slides of Physiology

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Muscles

IB SEHS

STARTER – Group Activity

Decide whether the following statements are true or false:

1. There are over 1,000 muscles in your body.
2. Skeletal, or voluntary, muscles are the muscles you can control.
3. Ligaments connect muscles to bones.
4. Your heart is a muscle.
5. A muscle gets strained when it is stretched too much.
6. A sprain happens when a tendon is stretched too much.
7. Muscles that are not used can get smaller and weaker
8. You don’t need more than 30 minutes of physical activity every day.
9. If something hurts when playing sports, you should play through the pain and it will go away.
10. A balanced diet: a) Emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free or low-fat dairy products like milk, cheese, and yogurt. b) Includes protein from lean meats, poultry, seafood, beans, eggs, and nuts. c) Is low in solid fats, saturated fats, cholesterol, salt (sodium), added sugars, and refined grains. d) All of the above

Learning Objectives

Everyone should

Distinguish between the different types of muscle

Outline the general characteristics common to muscle

tissue

Most will

Identify the location of skeletal muscles in various regions

of the body

Some might

Explain the need for antogonistic pairs

Types of Muscles

striated : appearance of light and dark stripes

Now complete the Types of Muscles section in your workbook!

Pairs activity – can you write a

definition for the words below?

ability to receive and respond to stimuli via generation of an electrical pulse which causes contraction of the muscle cells

ability to shorten

ability to be stretched or extended

ability of a muscle fibre to recoil and resume its resting length

Now complete the Properties of Muscles section in your workbook!

Class thought…

Why do you warm up before playing sport?

STARTER – Which muscles do you already know?

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

STARTER – Which muscles do you already know?

pectorals

biceps

abdominals quadriceps

deltoids

Latissimus dorsi

trapezius

triceps

Gluteus maximus

hamstrings

gastrocnemius

Now label the diagram in your workbook!

 Skeletal muscles work across a joint and are attached to the bones by strong cords known as tendons.

Movement of the arm at the elbow

Antagonistic Muscles

 They work in pairs , each contracting or relaxing in turn to create movement.

E.g Biceps brachii and triceps brachii = known as ANTAGONISTIC MUSCLE ACTION.

AS one muscle shortens the other one lengthens.

Now complete the How Muscles Work section in your workbook!

STARTER – Label the diagram

a.

b.

a.

d.

c. e.

• Transverse

abdominus

• external

oblique

• rectus

abdominus

• internal

oblique

• pectoralis

major

RECTUS ABDOMINIS

ORIGIN : Pubis

INSERTION: Sternum and 5th^ – 7 th^ ribs

STRENGTHENING

EXERCISE : Crunches

Flexion of the spine

EXTERNAL OBLIQUES

ORIGIN : Lower eight ribs

INSERTION : Ilium

STRENGTHENING

EXERCISE ; Broomstick twists

MOVEMENT : Flexion