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Sensory and Perceptual Systems - Perception - Lecture Slides, Slides of Brain and Cognitive Science

Sensory and Perceptual Systems, Sense, Source of Information, Gravity and Acceleration, Joint Position, Muscle Stress, Chemical Structure, Smell and Taste, Overarching Principle, Types of Receptor Cells are some points from this lecture of perception.

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2011/2012

Uploaded on 12/21/2012

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Major Sensory and Perceptual Systems
Sense Source of information
Seeing Light
Hearing Sound
Balance Gravity and acceleration
Touch Pressure
Temperature Temperature
Pose Joint position and muscle stress
Smell & Taste Chemical structure
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Major Sensory and Perceptual Systems

Sense Source of information

Seeing Light

Hearing Sound

Balance Gravity and acceleration

Touch Pressure

Temperature Temperature

Pose Joint position and muscle stress

Smell & Taste Chemical structure Docsity.com

Overarching Principle

Sensory and perceptual systems (including their associated mechanisms for learning and plasticity) evolve in the service of obtaining information about the environment that is relevant for the tasks the organism must perform in order to survive and reproduce.

Corollary : The design of the sensory and perceptual systems is determined by the tasks it performs, by the physical/statistical properties of the environment, and by various biological factors/constraints.

There Are 4 Basic Types of Receptor Cells

Mechanoreceptive Somatosensory (touch) Proprioceptive (muscle and joint receptors) Vestibular Auditory (Lateral line) Chemical Olfaction Taste Thermal Temperature Electromagnetic Vision (Electroreception) (Infrared detection)

Pain receptors may fall into any of the first three categories

Stimulus energy

mV Time

mV

Time

Receptor potential

Action potentials

TRANSDUCTION

Stimulus triggers a receptor potential in the receptor; receptor potential triggers action potentials in the transmission neuron (or its own axon if it has one); the CNS only sees the action potentials Docsity.com

Difficult Problems for Perceptual Systems

Context problem Objects often appear in a complex and varying context of other objects, making recognition of objects difficult.

Category complexity problem The specific things that define a category are often quite different, making categorization difficult.

Missing dimensions problem Vision: The images in the eyes have two-dimensions in space and one dimension in time. The third dimension in space (depth) is lost and must be reconstructed.

Audition, Olfaction: The signals reaching the ears and nose have one dimension in time. Any other dimensions must be reconstructed.

Approaches to Understanding Sensory Systems

Natural tasks

Natural scene statistics

Anatomy

Responses of and within individual neurons

Responses of neural populations

Perceptual/behavioral performance

Mathematical and computational modeling

Approaches to Understanding Sensory Systems

Natural tasks

Natural scene statistics

Anatomy

Responses of and within individual neurons

Responses of neural populations

Perceptual/behavioral performance

Mathematical and computational modeling

Natural reflectance spectra

Regan et al. (2001)Docsity.com

Approaches to Understanding Sensory Systems

Natural tasks

Natural scene statistics

Anatomy

Responses of and within individual neurons

Responses of neural populations

Perceptual/behavioral performance

Mathematical and computational modeling

Microscopy, Imaging, Assays

Single and multi-unit recording

Optical, Calcium, Functional-MR imaging

Event related potentials (ERPs)

Lesion, Knockouts, etc.