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Seed Treatment Category 4
Glossary and Terms - Iowa
Commercial Pesticide questions
with verified solutions 2024-
Abdomen - answer The end part of an insect's body, which contains the digestive and reproductive organs Active Ingredients (ai) - answer A component of a pesticide product that has pesticide activity Additive - answer A chemical added to a pesticide formulation to increase its effectiveness or safety Adult - answer Full grown, sexually mature insect Arthropod - answer An invertebrate animal with a jointed body and limbs. Includes both insects and spiders Atomizing Disk - answer A dispenser that turns a liquid into a fine mist using a spinning disk Backflow - answer The flow of a liquid by siphon pressure or gravity back to its source Back Siphon - answer The reverse flow of water resulting from a reduction in water pressure
Bacteria - answer Extremely small, single-celled microorganisms that usually lack chlorophyll and reproduce by fission (splitting of the cell into two equal halves) Batch Treater - answer Treater system that treats a known amount of seed with a matching amount of chemical, one batch or cycle at a time Calibration - answer Properly adjusting seed treating equipment to accurately dispense the required amount of seed treatment to a known amount of seed Colorant - answer Ingredients that can be used to alter the color of a product. They are either a dye or a pigment Compatable - answer When two or more pesticides can be safely mixed and applied in combination without unfavorably affecting toxicity, physical properties, or plant safety Complete Metamorphosis - answer Egg, Larva, Pupa, Adult Contact - answer A pesticide that controls pest organisms upon touching, only protects the outside of the seed or seedling Continuous flow treater - answer Treater systems treats a known amount of seed with a matching amount of chemical at a given flow rate. An example would be: 2,000lbs of seed runs through the treater/hour. The system applies 5oz of chemical per every 100lbs of seed. Damping off - answer Rapid, lethal decline of germinating seeds or seedlings before or after emergence
Gradual Metamorphosis - answer A gradual change involving little more than an increase in size, which occurs during the life cycle of certain insects Hazardous waste - answer A solid, liquid, or contained gaseous material that is no longer used or that no longer serves the purpose for which it was produced, and could pose dangers to human health and the environment after it is discarded Incompatable - answer The quality of being unable to mix together properly, as when pesticides do not form a uniform solution or suspension. Can be chemical or physical Inert ingredient - answer The materials in a pesticide formulation that have no pesticide activity, also referred to as "other ingredients" Inoculant - answer The bacteria, viruses, or fungi applied to seed Insect - answer A small, invertebrate animal with three body regions and six jointed legs; usually winged Insecticide - answer Any substance or mixture intended for preventing, repelling, or mitigating any insects and related forms that may be present in the environment Integrated Pest Management (IPM) - answer An ecological approach to pest management in which all available, necessary techniques are consolidated into a unified program so that the pest populations can be managed in such a manner that economic damage is avoided and adverse side effects are minimized
Larva - answer An immature stage of an insect that undergoes complete metamorphosis (e.g., caterpillar, maggot, grub) or an immature stage of a nematode Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) - answer Form available from manufacturers that contains specific information regarding the properties of a particular chemical Metamorphosis - answer A change in the shape, form, and/or size of an insect Nematicide - answer Any substance or mixture intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating nematodes or subterranean pests Nematode - answer Non-segmented roundworm, parasitic on plants or animals, or free living in soil or water. Some may feed on plant roots and cause stunting of roots, and create wounds that bacteria and fungi can enter into Nonsystemic - answer Not capable of affecting the entire system; limited to particular areas of a plant Nymph - answer A juvenile form of an insect that undergoes gradual metamorphosis; with the exception of size, its external appearance is similar to that of the adult Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - answer Devices and clothing intended to protect a person from exposure to pesticides and residuals. Items required to be worn during mixing and application are listed on the product label Pathogen - answer A living organism capable of causing disease in a particular species or range of species
Seed decay - answer The decay of seed in the soil caused by Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, or Pythium. May cover seed with fuzzy, fungal growth Seed treatment - answer Application of a biological agent, chemical substance, or physical treatment to seed, to protect the seed or plant from pathogens or to stimulate germination or plant growth Signal words - answer Words that must appear on pesticide labels to express the relative toxicity of the product such as: DANGER - POISON, DANGER, WARNING, and CAUTION Slurry - answer A preparation by the addition of water to a formulation, of which a given volume is mixed mechanically with seed. These provide accurate and thorough seed coverage Soilborne Pathogen - answer Pathogens (particularly nematodes and fungi) that survive on or beneath the soil surface or in crop residue and attacks seeds/seedlings after planting Solid waste - answer Any solid, semi-solid, liquid or contained gaseous materials discarded from industrial, commercial, mining, or agricultural operations, and from community activities Systemic - answer A chemical that is absorbed and translocated within a plant, usually within the roots, stem, and leaves Thorax - answer The region of the insect body bearing the true legs and wings, if present Toxicity - answer A measure of the capacity of a pesticide to cause injury
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) - answer A laboratory analysis of waste to determine if the wase is "listed" in the Code of Federal Regulations as a pre-defined and categorized hazardous waste Virus - answer A microscopic obligate parasite consisting of a core of infectious nucleic acid usually surrounded by a protein coat. There are currently no seed treatments available for direct control.
