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Science Bowl Practice Questions โ Biology
- Multiple Choice: Which of the following describes the major difference between bryophytes (pron:bry-oh-fites) and tracheophytes (pron: tray-key-o-fites)?
a) tracheophytes can survive on land b) tracheophytes have seeds inside fruitsc) tracheophytes can make their own food d) tracheophytes have vessels to transport materials ANSWER: D -- TRACHEOPHYTES HAVE VESSELS TO TRANSPORT MATERIALS
- Short Answer: Complete the sentence. The alternative forms of gene at the same locus on homologous chromosomes are called what? ANSWER: ALLELES 3.a total of 6 bones. Name the 3 fused bones. Short Answer: The human pelvic girdle is composed of 3 fused bones on each side for
ANSWER: ILLIUM, ISCHIUM, and PUBIS 4.called? Short Answer: What are rings of muscle which CLOSE body openings such as the lips
ANSWER: SPHINCTERS
- Multiple Choice: The myofilaments of muscles consist primarily of two proteins. These two proteinsare called:
a) actin and myosinb) progesterone and testosterone c) progesterone and estrogen ANSWER: A -- ACTIN AND MYOSIN
- Short Answer: Is studies of the human body, what is used to describ a blood-filled sac formed by anoutpouching in an arterial or venous wall?
ANSWER: ANEURYSM
- Multiple Choice: What French scientist is considered the father of paleontology? Was it: a) George Cuvierb) Marquis de Condorcet c) Jacque Tonniesd) Auguste Compte
ANSWER: A -- GEORGE CUVIER
- Multiple Choice: What Roman physician's studies of human anatomy based on lower animals served asthe only text on the subject for nearly 1 centuries? Was it:
a) Cartrum b) Poloniusc) Galen d) Monterius ANSWER: C -- GALEN
- Multiple Choice: What percentage of the atmosphere consists of carbon dioxide? Is it approximately: a) .03% (read: three-hundredths of a percent)b) 1% c) 5%d) 7%
ANSWER: A -- .03%
- Short Answer: What process in all living things releases carbon dioxide as a waste product? ANSWER: RESPIRATION
- Short Answer: For convenience, living things are placed into variou groups. The taxonomic breakdown of living things consists of the following categories: Family, Class, Genus, Phylum, Order, Kingdomand Species. Give the order of these terms from least specific to most specific.
ANSWER: KINGDOM, PHYLUM, CLASS, ORDER, FAMILY, GENUS, SPECIES
- Short Answer: In biology, what is the word used to describe the appearance of an individual withoutregard to its hereditary constitution?
ANSWER: PHENOTYPE (pron: fee-no-type)
- Multiple Choice: Into which of the following acids is glucose broken down in the first stage of carbohydrate metabolism? Is it: a) pyruvic acid (pie-rue-vick acid)b) lactic acid c) hydrochloric acidd) citric acid
ANSWER: A -- PYRUVIC ACID
- Multiple Choice: Hormones are composed from many classes of molecules. As far as our presentknowledge extends, hormones are NOT found in which of the following categories of substances:
a) proteinsb) peptides c) nucleic acidsd) steroids
ANSWER: C -- NUCLEIC ACIDS
- Short Answer: What is the term given to a fatty acid that has more than one set of double bondsbetween carbons?
ANSWER: POLYUNSATURATED
- Multiple Choice: The process by which an amino acid loses its amino group is called: a) hydrationb) deamination c) oxidoaminationd) dehydration
ANSWER: B โ DEAMINATION
- Multiple Choice: In a plasma membrane, which of the following provides a general barrier to themovement of molecules?
a) lipidsb) proteins c) carbohydratesd) all of these
ANSWER: A โ LIPIDS
- Multiple Choice: The name of the process by which oil glands in mammalian skins secrete oils is: a) active transport b) apocrine secretionc) holocrine secretion d) osmosis ANSWER: C -- HOLOCRINE SECRETION
- Multiple Choice: An individual with three X chromosomes is likely t be: a) a clinically normal female b) an abnormal femalec) a Turner's individual d) a Kleinfelter's individual ANSWER: B -- AN ABNORMAL FEMALE
- Short Answer: Who is considered the father of Taxonomy? ANSWER: (CAROLUS) LINNAEUS
- Multiple Choice: In the first stage of photosynthesis, light energy is used to: a) move water moleculesb) denature chlorophyll c) split water d) produce carbohydrates ANSWER: C -- SPLIT WATER
- Multiple Choice: One-celled algae enclosed in minute two-part silic shells are called: a) dinoflagellates (pron: die-no-flaj-el-ates) b) coelenterates (pron: sell-en-ter-ates)c) annelids d) diatoms ANSWER: D โ DIATOMS
- Short Answer: What molecule is the energy source for virtually all of the work done by the cell? ANSWER: ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
- Multiple Choice: Which of the following diseases has been eradicate from the world? a) cholerab) smallpox c) diphtheriad) poliomyelitis
ANSWER: B -- SMALLPOX
- Multiple Choice: We believe the beginnings of life on earth took place in the: a) airb) land masses c) shallow oceansd) glaciers
ANSWER: C -- SHALLOW OCEANS
- Multiple Choice: Each antibody molecule is made up of how many PAIR of polypeptide chains, joinedtogether by disulfide bonds.
a) 1b) 2 c) 3d) 4
ANSWER: B โ 2
- Multiple Choice: The immune system normally discriminates between which types of antigens. a) B and T cellsb) self and non-self c) humoral and cell-mediatedd) primary and secondary
ANSWER: B -- SELF AND NON-SELF
- Short Answer: Proteins that cause reactions to proceed more rapidly and lower the energy of activation are called. ANSWER: ENZYMES 39.converted to chemical energy? Multiple Choice: What percent of the total radiant energy received by a plant is
a) less than 2b) 10 c) 50d) 75
ANSWER: A -- LESS THAN 2
- Multiple Choice: Genes are able to control a cell's fate by determining the synthesis of: a) other genes
b) enzymesc) carbohydrates d) fat ANSWER: B -- ENZYMES
- Multiple Choice: Resolution by any microscope is ULTIMATELY limited by the: a) curvature of the lenses b) wavelength of the lightc) light intensity d) lens aberrations ANSWER: B -- WAVELENGTH OF THE LIGHT
- Multiple Choice: Humans cannot digest cellulose because: a) it does not contain sugars b) it is made up of disaccharidesc) it is made up of monosaccharides d) humans lack the proper enzymes ANSWER: D -- HUMANS LACK THE PROPER ENZYMES
- Multiple Choice: Cholesterol, testosterone, and estrogen are all examples of: a) proteinsb) steroids c) nucleic acidsd) alcohols
ANSWER: B -- STEROIDS
- Short Answer: What is sometimes called animal starch? ANSWER: GLYCOGEN
- Short Answer: How many PAIRS of nerves leave the vertebrate brain? ANSWER: 12
- Short Answer; The vertebrate eyeball is bounded anteriorly by what convex, transparent object? ANSWER: CORNEA
- Short Answer: What are the names given to the basic subunits of a nucleic acid. ANSWER: MONONUCLEOTIDES or NUCLEOTIDES
- Short Answer: What is the term given to enzymes whose action is modulated by binding of a molecule to a site other than the active site? ANSWER: ALLOSTERIC ENZYMES
- Multiple Choice: The muscle attachment to the bone of lesser movement is called the muscle's: a) insertionb) head c) origin d) tail
- Multiple Choice: Octopus and squid belong to the class of molluscs known as: a) cephalopoda (pron: sef-eh-lah-pod-ah) b) bivalviac) gastropoda (pron: gas-tro-pod-ah) d) polyplacophora (pron: poly-pla-so-for-ah) ANSWER: A -- CEPHALOPODA
- Short Answer: The name given to a structure present in angiosperms but lacking in gymnosperms is? ANSWER: OVARY or OVULARY
- Multiple Choice: In mammals, the primary function of the loop of Henle is: a) reabsorption of waterb) water secretion c) ammonia secretiond) bicarbonate reabsorption
ANSWER: A -- REABSORPTION OF WATER
- Short Answer: What is the name of the phenomenon that occurs when tissue culture is infected withone type of virus that causes the culture to resist infection by a second type of virus?
ANSWER: VIRAL INTERFERENCE or INTERFERENCE
- Short Answer: What are gas bubbles which form within plant cells o in blood known as? ANSWER: EMBOLISM
- Short Answer: What are the water conducting cells in non-flowering vascular plants know as? ANSWER: TRACHEIDS
- Short Answer: On a dry day, water diffuses out of the intercellula spaces of the leaf through what part of the leaf? ANSWER: STOMATA
- Short Answer: A clogging of the bile duct interferes with the digestion of what category of food? ANSWER: FATS or LIPIDS or FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS
- Short Answer: What is the name given to the jellylike substance filling the chamber behind the lens ofthe human eye?
ANSWER: vitreous body vitreous humor
- Short Answer: The Erythrocytes of mammals lack what? ANSWER: nucleus or DNA or chromosomes or mitochondria
- Multiple Choice: The name of the ductless glands which secrete thei product into the circulatorysystem are:
a) exocrine (pron: ek-seh-kren)b) apocrine (pron: ap-eh-kren) c) holocrine (pron: hoe-leh-kren)
d) endocrine (pron: en-deh-kren) ANSWER: D -- ENDOcrine
- Multiple Choice: In the first stage of photosynthesis, light energy splits water molecules leaving a by-product which is released. This byproduct is:
a) hydrogenb) carbon dioxide c) oxygend) methane
ANSWER: C -- oxygen
- Multiple Choice: The bacteria which cause dental cavities in humans break down sugars, releasingwhat chemical, that causes tooth destruction?
a) acids b) basesc) enzymes d) monosaccharides ANSWER: A -- acids
- Multiple Choice: Blood platelets are: a) cytoplasmic fragmentsb) free nuclei c) a kind of red celld) found only during clot formation
ANSWER: A -- Cytoplasmic fragments
- Multiple Choice: A lake which has high nutrient availability is: a) oligotrophic (pron: all-i-go-tro-fik) b) eutrophic (pron: you-tro-fik)c) mesotrophic (pron: mez-eh-tro-fik)
ANSWER: B -- eutropHic
- Multiple Choice: The hormone causing growth of the endometrium (pron: en-doe-me-tree-um) is: a) androgen (pron: ann-drah-jen)b) leutenizing hormone (pron: lew-ten-I-zing) c) estrogend) prolactin
ANSWER: C -- estrogen
- Multiple Choice: Nitrogen fixation is accomplished by: a) plants b) bacteriac) animals d) viruses ANSWER: B -- bacteria
- Multiple Choice: The vesicles formed via the process known as phagocytosis (pron: fag-eh-seh-toe-sis) are called: a) lysosomes (pron: lye-sah-somes: somes rhymes with homes)b) Golgi apparatus c) food vacuoles d) mitochondria (pron: my-toe-chon-dria) ANSWER: C -- FOOD VACUOLES
- Multiple Choice: Of the following three substances, which provides the LEAST source of energy forthe body?
a) proteinb) fats c) carbohydrates ANSWER: A โ proteins
- Multiple Choice: Type A blood contains isohemaglutinins against which red cells? a) type A b) type Bc) type O d) type G ANSWER: A -- type A
- Multiple Choice: Which cell count tends to be elevated when an individual has an allergy or parasitic worms? a) red blood cellsb) erythrocyte c) eosinophil (pron: e-o-sin-o-fill) d) platelet ANSWER: C -- eosinophil
- Multiple Choice: Veins tend to have the following except: a) valves for unidirectional flow b) very elastic wallsc) thin walls d) increasing size toward the heart ANSWER: B -- very elastic walls
- Multiple Choice: Gallstones are most often the result of: a) gallbladder irritationb) eating cherries and swallowing the pits c) precipitation of cholesterold) accumulated bile pigment
ANSWER: C -- precipitation of cholesterol
- Multiple Choice: The loss of water by plants in the form of vapor i called: a) evaporationb) transpiration c) evapotranspiration d) vaporization ANSWER: C โ evapotranspiration
- Multiple Choice: All of the following are characteristic of amphibians EXCEPT: a) moist skin b) the absence of scalesc) metamorphosis d) live in salt water ANSWER: D -- live in salt water
- Short Answer: What term is used to describe the procedure whereby a catheter is inserted into an individual's heart, a radio-opaque medium is injected, and x-ray images are made. The procedure isused to locate where arteries are blocked and the degree to which the blockage has developed.
ANSWER: Angiography or Angiogram
- Multiple Choice: Which of the following joints is formed by the articulation of the tibia, the malleolusof the fibula, and the convex surface of the talus. Is it the:
a) ankleb) knee c) elbowd) wrist
ANSWER: A -- Ankle
- Multiple Choice: A plant which completes its life cycle, from seed to seed, in a single growing seasonis known as:
a) perennial b) cyclicc) annual d) circadian ANSWER: C โ Annual
- Multiple Choice: In flowers the terminal part of a stamen, containing the pollen sacs is known as the: a) antherb) style c) filamentd) pistil
ANSWER: A -- Anther
- Multiple Choice: The process of nuclear reorganization in protozoa in which the nucleus divides, eachhalf undergoes a maturation, and the tw persisting functional nuclei reunite is known as:
a) autogamyb) autolysis c) autoregressiond) autotomy
ANSWER: A -- Autogamy
- Multiple Choice: Of the following, which is NOT a bacterial disease Is it: a) strep throatb) herpes c) Bubonic Plague
d) Diphtheria ANSWER: B -- herpes
- Multiple Choice: Of the following, which is NOT a viral disease? Is it: a) Hepatitisb) Chicken Pox c) Tuberculosis d) Rabies ANSWER: C โ Tuberculosis
- Multiple Choice: Most of the fungi commonly observed are members of this group of fungi, whichincludes toadstools, mushrooms and puffballs. This group of fungi is known as:
a) Phycomycetes (pron: fI-kO-my-seats)b) Ascomycetes (pron: as-kO-my-seats) c) Basidomycetes (pron: beh-sid-E-O-my-seats)d) Plyocetes (pron: ply-O-seats)
ANSWER: C -- Basidomycetes
- Multiple Choice: Truffles, morels and the many yeasts which are basic to fermentation processesbelong to this group of fungi. These fung are known as:
a) Phycomycetesb) Ascomycetes c) Basidomycetesd) Plyocetes
ANSWER: B -- Ascomycetes
- Multiple Choice: Many living organisms exhibit the unique property of producing visible light. Whatterm is used to describe this phenomena?
ANSWER: Bioluminescence or photoluminescence
- Multiple Choice: Many living organisms exhibit the unique property of producing visible light. Thecompound that is oxidized with subsequent light emission is usually referred to as luciferin. What is the enzyme which catalyzes the reaction known as? ANSWER: Luciferase
- Multiple Choice: The muscle which RAISES a bird's wing is known as the: a) Pectoralis major b) pectoralis minorc) soleus d) gluteus maximus ANSWER: B -- pectoralis minor
