Safety and Risks in Sport: Preparation, Facilities, and Techniques, Slides of Physical Education and Motor Learning

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Safety and Risks In

Sport

Planning for Safety

How do we prepare for safe exercise?

If we are planning to take part or lead an exercise activity we need to think about the responsibility that we have. If we are leading a session we must ensure that we have the correct qualifications, knowledge and experience to teach, coach or train. Before taking an exercise session we must think about:-

• Preparing the persons for exercise.
• Plan the activity carefully.
• Check the group size / age / ability.
• Make sure facilities and equipment are safe.
• Supervise the group well.
• Take safety precautions.
• Know where first aid is kept.

How do we make sure we are safe?

We need to prepare ourselves properly for sport otherwise we put ourselves at risk. There are a number of things we can do to lower that risk:-

1. Have good health and fitness.
2. Have correct technique and skills for your sport.
3. Have a good warm up and cool down.
4. Wear correct clothing and equipment.
5. Wear no jewellery.
6. Obey the rules of the game.
7. Respect opponents and follow etiquette.

Health and Fitness

We must be in good health to take part in physical activities. We must be sure that our body has been trained to cope with the physical and mental demands of the sport. Having specific fitness will reduce the risk of injury. We should check our diet and fluid intake are sufficient to provide enough energy for use to take part.

Warm Up and Cool Down

These are essential to prevent injury. Warm up increase blood flow to working muscles, increases body temperature, increases muscle elasticity which reduce the risk of injury. Cool down brings heart rate down slowly, keeps blood flowing through the muscles which gets rid of any waste products and keeps oxygen flowing to the muscles to provide energy.

Correct Clothing and Equipment

We should always wear correct clothing that is specific for the activity. Some sports have specialist equipment for protection. Protective equipment must:-

• Properly protect the sportsman.
• Allow freedom of movement
• Be comfortable
• Be safe and reliable.

TASK

Think about your sport and list the safety equipment you need?

Obey The Rules

We need to know and understand the rules of our sporting activity. Rules encourage good sporting behaviour , help games flow and protect players from injury. Rules must be obeyed and players punished if they are broken. In some sports such as rugby, American football (high collision sports) injuries will be part of the game. However players who intentionally cause foul play and break rules should be severely dealt with.

TASK

Make a list of 10 rules for a sport of your choice.

Respect Opponents and Etiquette

Etiquette is a special way in which we are expected to behave. They are not rules but have become a tradition over a long period of time, that show good sportsmanship.

An example would be shaking hand with an opponent after a tennis match or making a tunnel and a cheer in rugby.

It involves ideas about fair play, sporting spirit and respect for your opponents.

Causes of Injury

• There is a vast range of sports injuries, which are caused in different ways. They can be classed as:-

1. Accidental Injuries - Those that surprise us by happening when we least expect it.
2. Overuse Injuries – Caused by using a part of the body over and over again. They produce pain and inflammation. Examples are ‘Tennis Elbow’, ‘Shin Splints’ and tendonitis.
3. Chronic Injuries – These injuries must be treated at once. Dislocations, ligament tears, cartilage tears. They must be given rest or they can lead to permanent damage.