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S-130 Wildland Hand Tools Questions and Verified Answers Graded A 2025, Exams of Safety and Fire Engineering

S-130 Wildland Hand Tools Questions and Verified Answers Graded A 2025

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/05/2025

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S-130 Wildland Hand Tools Questions
and Verified Answers Graded A 2025
Axes - ANSAxes are effective in mop-up operations for felling snags, chopping stumps
and logs, and driving wedges (single-bit axes only).
Axe handles are made of wood or fiberglass. Two common types of axes used in
wildland fire fighting are:
- Single-bit: Has a cutting edge on one side of the head and a flat, striking surface on
the opposite side.
- Double-bit: Has cutting edges on both sides of the head.
Whether it's a single-bit or double-bit, swing the axe in a downward motion at a 45-
degree angle.
Benefits of a Sharp Blade - ANSHowever, a tool with a sharp blade benefits you
because it:
- Is easier and safer to use than a tool with a dull blade.
- Cuts more effectively than a dull one.
- Allows you to use short, sharp cutting strokes.
- Reduces the need for you to raise a tool above your head.
All these benefits translate into less fatigue when you use the tool. And because fatigue
is a leading contributor to fireline accidents, a sharp tool is a safer tool.
Brush Hook - ANSUse a brush hook, sometimes called a brush ax, to cut down:
- Small shrubs
- Small trees
- Tall grasses
The brush hook handle is very similar to a standard ax, and you'll swing it like an ax
when you're cutting. However, unlike an ax, the head of the brush hook is in the shape
of a J.
Combination Tool - ANSA tool you may find very useful is the combination tool. It is a
versatile long-handled implement with a two-part, multi-position head. With the release
of the locking collar, you can change the configuration of the head and use the tool as:
- Shovel
- Pick—do not use as a prying tool
- Hoe
- Various combinations of these modes
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S-130 Wildland Hand Tools Questions

and Verified Answers Graded A 2025

Axes - ANSAxes are effective in mop-up operations for felling snags, chopping stumps and logs, and driving wedges (single-bit axes only). Axe handles are made of wood or fiberglass. Two common types of axes used in wildland fire fighting are:

  • Single-bit: Has a cutting edge on one side of the head and a flat, striking surface on the opposite side.
  • Double-bit: Has cutting edges on both sides of the head. Whether it's a single-bit or double-bit, swing the axe in a downward motion at a 45- degree angle. Benefits of a Sharp Blade - ANSHowever, a tool with a sharp blade benefits you because it:
  • Is easier and safer to use than a tool with a dull blade.
  • Cuts more effectively than a dull one.
  • Allows you to use short, sharp cutting strokes.
  • Reduces the need for you to raise a tool above your head. All these benefits translate into less fatigue when you use the tool. And because fatigue is a leading contributor to fireline accidents, a sharp tool is a safer tool. Brush Hook - ANSUse a brush hook, sometimes called a brush ax, to cut down:
  • Small shrubs
  • Small trees
  • Tall grasses The brush hook handle is very similar to a standard ax, and you'll swing it like an ax when you're cutting. However, unlike an ax, the head of the brush hook is in the shape of a J. Combination Tool - ANSA tool you may find very useful is the combination tool. It is a versatile long-handled implement with a two-part, multi-position head. With the release of the locking collar, you can change the configuration of the head and use the tool as:
  • Shovel
  • Pick—do not use as a prying tool
  • Hoe
  • Various combinations of these modes

Sharpen the shovel blade of your combination tool like you would a shovel. Sharpen the pick to 45 degrees using the 12-inch flat mill bastard file. Fire Rakes - ANSFire rakes resemble standard garden rakes except that the tines are broader and more triangular. Sometimes referred to as a council rake or council tool, you'll use them in fireline construction, mop-up, and burning-out operations in areas where you won't need the hoe function of a McLeod. You'll find the fire rake well suited to fireline construction in deciduous leaves. Sharpen the tines according to manufacturers' recommendations or replace the tines. Fire Swatter - ANSFire-suppression tool consisting of a flap of belting fabric fastened to a long handle used in direct attack for beating out flames along a fire edge. You use fire swatters, sometimes called flappers, to smother fires in light fuels such as:

  • Pasture grasses
  • Pine-needle litter
  • Light hardwood litter It's most effective to use a flail in conjunction with a backpack pump or fire rake. Use flails to knock down the flames, and then mop up the fire with water from your backpack pump or by scraping it with the fire rake. When you use the fire swatter, drag the flap along the edge of a fire. Be careful not to hit the fire too hard or you may scatter burning embers into the unburned area and spread the fire. Hoes - ANSOne type of hoe you'll often use has a flat blade on one side of the head and may have two or three tines on the opposite side. Your agency or organization may prefer another type of hoe, the hazel hoe (also called adz hoe ) for wildland fire fighting operations because it is a heavy-duty tool that is well suited for grubbing through deep duff and use in rocky soil. Use and maintain your hoe just like you would a McLeod tool. Maintaining Tool Heads - ANSTo prevent accidents and injuries:
  • Ensure tool heads are not broken or cracked
  • Sharpen damaged or dull cutting edges using a hand file—this will actually reduce fatigue when you are using a tool
  • Give all tool heads a light coating of oil and keep them free of paint or rust

Sharpen the blade to the manufacturer's specification or replace the blade when it becomes dull. Inspect the Sandvik like you do for other tools. Sharpening a Brush Hook - ANSA sharpened cutting edge is on the inside of the head. While there are a number of different designs available, sharpen all the cutting edge from 1 inch (25.4 mm) at the base to 3/4 inch (19 mm) at the tip. Sharpening a Pulaski - ANS1. Taper the cutting edge 2 inches (50 mm) wide with an even bevel on each side

  1. Bevel the grubbing edge 3/8- inch (10 mm) wide straight across on a 45-degree angle on one side of the head only Sharpening Axes - ANS1. Sharpen the cutting edges with the proper tool, such as a 12- inch flat mill bastard file. Grind or file the edges on an even taper about 2 1/2 inches ( mm) back from the cutting edge. Make sure you have an even bevel on each side.
  2. Ensure the cutting edge is in direct line with the handle. Shovels - ANSUse shovels for: Digging Scraping Smothering Beating (tamping) Cutting light fuels Throwing dirt Sharpening: Sharpen the blade of a shovel starting 1.5 inch (38 mm) from the heel on each side of the blade until a subtle point is formed at the tip of the blade. Do the same number of strokes—and with the same amount of pressure—with a 12-inch flat bastard file on each side so that the shovel point does not drift from the center line. Storing Tools - ANSMake sure your tools are easily accessible, protected from damage, and don't pose a hazard to anyone by following these tips:
  • Use guards for tools with sharp cutting edges or pointed heads
  • Store all tools in their mounting brackets on the apparatus
  • Arrange tools in an orderly manner when they are stored in compartments instead of mounting brackets Never ride with loose tools or equipment in the cab or crew compartment. Secure all tools in brackets or store them in compartments. Wire Broom - ANSSome wire brooms resemble push brooms; others resemble ordinary straw brooms with wire bristles. The wire broom is a tool designed for use in the following types of fuels:
  • Leaf litter
  • Grass
  • Grain
  • Moss You'll find the wire broom is especially effective in volcanic areas where light, sparse grasses protrude through a layer of small lava rocks. You can literally sweep away grasses to create an effective fireline.