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RSCH 504 EVALUATION & TRANSLATION OF HEALTH RESEARCH EXAM Q & A WITH RATIONALES 2024RSCH 504 EVALUATION & TRANSLATION OF HEALTH RESEARCH EXAM Q & A WITH RATIONALES 2024
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a) Nominal data b) Ordinal data* c) Interval data d) Ratio data Rationale: Ordinal data are data that can be ranked or ordered according to some criterion, but have no fixed or equal intervals between values. Examples of ordinal data are Likert scales, pain scores, or satisfaction ratings.
have been diagnosed with diabetes for at least one year. She then transcribes and analyzes the interviews using thematic analysis. What type of qualitative research design is she using? a) Phenomenology b) Ethnography c) Grounded theory d) Descriptive* Rationale: Descriptive qualitative research is a type of design that aims to provide a comprehensive summary of a phenomenon or experience, without developing or testing a theory or framework. It often uses thematic analysis as a method of data analysis.
her answer this question? a) Cost-benefit analysis b) Cost-effectiveness analysis* c) Cost-utility analysis d) Cost-minimization analysis Rationale: Cost-effectiveness analysis is a type of economic evaluation that compares the costs and outcomes of two or more interventions or alternatives. It measures outcomes in natural units, such as life years gained, cases prevented, or quality-adjusted life years (QALYs).
representation of central tendency. When translating research evidence into clinical practice, which step is essential to ensure successful implementation? a) Disregarding patient preferences b) Focusing solely on statistical significance c) Engaging stakeholders in the process d) Relying on outdated guidelines Answer: c) Engaging stakeholders in the process Rationale: Involving stakeholders, including patients, in the translation process promotes buy-in and increases the likelihood of successful implementation. What is the primary purpose of a systematic review in the context of evidence-based practice? a) To generate new hypotheses b) To synthesize and appraise existing evidence c) To recruit participants for clinical trials d) To promote a specific treatment approach Answer: b) To synthesize and appraise existing evidence Rationale: Systematic reviews aim to provide a comprehensive summary of existing evidence on a particular topic, helping clinicians make informed decisions.
When evaluating the generalizability of a research study, which factor should be considered? a) The number of statistical tests conducted b) The study's sample size c) The geographic location of the study d) The statistical power of the study Answer: c) The geographic location of the study Rationale: The geographic location can impact the generalizability of findings, as cultural and environmental factors may influence applicability to other populations. In the context of health research, what does the term "p- value" indicate? a) The clinical significance of study findings b) The probability of obtaining results by chance c) The sample size required for statistical power d) The strength of correlation between variables Answer: b) The probability of obtaining results by chance Rationale: The p-value helps assess the likelihood that the observed results occurred by random chance, guiding the interpretation of statistical significance. Which type of study design is most appropriate for investigating the relationship between an exposure and an outcome over time?
Answer: b) Protecting participants' confidentiality Rationale: Respecting participants' privacy and confidentiality is fundamental in research dissemination to uphold ethical standards. What is the primary purpose of a scoping review in the context of research synthesis? a) To identify research gaps and future research directions b) To provide a quantitative summary of study findings c) To recruit participants for clinical trials d) To promote a specific treatment approach Answer: a) To identify research gaps and future research directions Rationale: Scoping reviews aim to map the existing literature, identifying gaps and informing future research agendas. When translating research evidence into practice, which approach emphasizes the integration of clinical expertise, patient values, and the best available evidence? a) Evidence-based practice b) Dogmatic approach c) Anecdotal practice d) Exclusive reliance on expert opinion
Answer: a) Evidence-based practice Rationale: Evidence-based practice involves integrating clinical expertise, patient preferences, and the best available evidence to inform clinical decision-making. In the context of research translation, what does the term "implementation science" refer to? a) The process of disseminating research findings to the public b) The study of factors influencing the uptake of evidence-based interventions c) The exclusion of qualitative research from clinical guidelines d) The promotion of traditional healing practices Answer: b) The study of factors influencing the uptake of evidence-based interventions Rationale: Implementation science focuses on understanding and addressing the factors that impact the adoption and integration of evidence-based interventions into real-world settings. Which type of bias occurs when participants who are lost to follow-up in a longitudinal study differ systematically from those who remain in the study? a) Selection bias b) Recall bias c) Attrition bias
c) Research design d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above Rationale: When evaluating the reliability of a research study, it is important to consider various factors such as sample size, data collection methods, and research design. These elements influence the credibility and validity of the study's outcomes.
c) Ethical implications d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above Rationale: Translating health research findings into practice requires considering various factors, including cultural appropriateness, cost-effectiveness, and ethical implications. These considerations ensure that the research outcomes are relevant and applicable to the target population.
a) To ensure the accuracy and quality of the research study b) To regulate the cost of publishing research articles c) To promote competition between researchers d) To guarantee a high impact factor for the journal Answer: a) To ensure the accuracy and quality of the research study Rationale: Peer review is a critical process where experts in the field evaluate the quality and accuracy of research studies before publication. It helps to maintain the scientific integrity and validity of the research.
assess the impact of healthcare interventions? a) Randomized controlled trial (RCT) b) Case-control study c) Cross-sectional study d) Qualitative study Answer: a) Randomized controlled trial (RCT) Rationale: Randomized controlled trials are commonly used research designs to assess the impact of healthcare interventions. Participants are randomly assigned to either an intervention or control group to determine the effectiveness of the intervention under investigation.