Docsity
Docsity

Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity


Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan


Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips

Glossary of Hazards, Risks, and Risk Management Terms, Quizzes of Environmental Science

Definitions for various terms related to hazards, risks, and risk management. Topics covered include hazards, risks such as probability of suffering damage, risk assessment, comparative risk assessment, risk management, risk communication, risk-benefit analysis, morbidity, mortality, epidemiology, non-threshold response, threshold response, ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity, ld50/lc50, active transport, passive transport, rate of chemical absorption, acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, sensitization, olefactory fatigue, earthquakes, earthquake focus point, earthquake epicenter, volcanoes, volcano pyroclastic flows, volcano lahars, tsunamis, hurricanes/cyclones, hurricane/cyclone storm surge, tornadoes, and ethical considerations such as technology benefiting one group at the risk of another and the emphasis on short or long-term risk.

Typology: Quizzes

2011/2012

Uploaded on 02/02/2012

jim-marra
jim-marra 🇺🇸

9 documents

1 / 8

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
TERM 1
Hazard
DEFINITION 1
anything that can cause injury, death, disease, damage to
private/public property, or the deterioration/destruction of
environmental components or systems.
TERM 2
Risk
DEFINITION 2
the probability that suffering damage as a result of exposure
to a hazard
TERM 3
Risk Assessment
DEFINITION 3
the estimation of risk assoicated with an activity or exposure
TERM 4
comparative Risk Assesment
DEFINITION 4
the estimation of the risk assoicated with an activity or
exposure
TERM 5
Risk Management
DEFINITION 5
management of risk
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8

Partial preview of the text

Download Glossary of Hazards, Risks, and Risk Management Terms and more Quizzes Environmental Science in PDF only on Docsity!

Hazard

anything that can cause injury, death, disease, damage to private/public property, or the deterioration/destruction of environmental components or systems. TERM 2

Risk

DEFINITION 2 the probability that suffering damage as a result of exposure to a hazard TERM 3

Risk Assessment

DEFINITION 3 the estimation of risk assoicated with an activity or exposure TERM 4

comparative Risk Assesment

DEFINITION 4 the estimation of the risk assoicated with an activity or exposure TERM 5

Risk Management

DEFINITION 5 management of risk

Risk Communication

how the risk is communicated to those potentially impacted by the risk exposure. TERM 7

Risk-Benefit Analysis

DEFINITION 7 The evaluation of the risk compaed to the potential advantage of exposure. TERM 8

Morbidity

DEFINITION 8 incidence of disease in a population TERM 9

Mortality

DEFINITION 9 incidence of death in a population TERM 10

Epidemiology

DEFINITION 10 the study of presence, distribution, and control of disease in a population Non-Threshold Response-- The belief that any exposure to a risk is too great and should be avoided

LD50/LC

Lethal Dose?Lethal Concentration sufficient to kill 50% of an animal test population. The lower values the greater the toxicity of the chemical. TERM 17

Active Transport

DEFINITION 17 only those materials that are absolutely essential for life are brough into an organism with the expenditure of energy TERM 18

Passive Transport

DEFINITION 18 the entry of non- essential materials into an organism without the expenditure of energy TERM 19

Rate of Chemical Absorption

DEFINITION 19 the rate at which a chemical enters an organism for distribution throughout the organism. The rate varies with route of entry, physical state, or chemical state the entering chemical. TERM 20

Acute

Toxicity

DEFINITION 20 An immediate observalbe response to chemical exposure

Chronic

Toxicity

Long term exposure at levels insufficient to cause an acute response. The prolonged exposure over 15+ years results in a irreversible toxicity. TERM 22

Sensitization

DEFINITION 22 repeated exposure to a chemical results in a physiological response. If the exposure stops the response stops. Howerver, virually any exposure in the future triggers the response. TERM 23

Olefactory Fatigue

DEFINITION 23 repeated exposure to an chemical odor results in an individual's loss in recognition of the odor at the typical exposure levels. Only exposure to the chemical odor at higher levels triggers a olfactory response. TERM 24

Earthquakes

DEFINITION 24 violent shaking of the earth's cruse caused by plate tectonics. earthquakes intensity is measured by the Richter Scale with a one point change indicating a tenfold increase in the movement significant damage occurs with a Ricter scale value of 5 or greater. TERM 25

Earthquakes Focus Point

DEFINITION 25 exact location where plate stress is released

Hurricanes/Cclones

very large low pressure systems typically originating in between the equator and 30 degrees N. Latitude. Violent sustained winds, large waves and storm surges. Measured by the Saffin Simpson Scale (l-V with V being the strongest) TERM 32

Hurricane/Cyclone Storm Surge

DEFINITION 32 hurricanes/cyclones push a large volue of water in front of the system. This typically causes sea level to rise temporarily many feet. A storm surge at high tide is extremely dangerous. TERM 33

Tornadoes

DEFINITION 33 cyclonic winds associated with severe thunderstorms know as supercells warming of an approaching tornado is limited. Tornadoes vary in size intensity. The intensity of a tornado is measured by the Fuita Scale. TERM 34

Will technology benefit one group of people

and place another at risk?

DEFINITION 34 In a capitalist based economy money talks. Generally the economically disadvantaged are exposed to the risk. Where are toxic waste landfills? Resort communities of the well off or economically distressed regions with high unemployment TERM 35

Should assessment emphasize short or long

term risk or both

DEFINITION 35 Usually short term risks have a high potential to cause damage. However long term risks generally do not elicit a significant human response until too late. Which is the greater risk, dying from ingestion of a large quantity of arsenic or dying from cancer caused by low level arsenic exposure, or should any exposure or arsenic be a concern

Who should risk assessment or risk benefit

analysis?

If you have spent considerable capital in the development of a product that has the potential of risk are you likely to have a tainted opinion of the risk? Risk-benefit analysis should be obtained from an independent organization. TERM 37

Who should review risk assessments?

DEFINITION 37 Risk-benefit analysis should be obtained and reviewedfrom an independent organization TERM 38

Should the emphasis be on eliminating the

risk rather than assessing the risk?

DEFINITION 38 The overwhelming majority of federal funds allocated to risk assessment are for risk management rather than risk reduction. No part of the risk management paradigm is needed if the risk does not exist. Misaligned priorities? TERM 39

Risk Perceptions of high risk

DEFINITION 39

  • If it is fairly new or complex rather than familiar- It is mostly involuntary instead of voluntary - It is viewed as unnecessary rather than necessary - It involves an unfair distribution of risk- It is poorly communicated - It involves a large well publicized death toll from a single catastrophic accident rather than the same or larger death toll over a longer period of time