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Reproductive Physiology: Embryogenesis, Fetal Development, and Parturition, Exams of Biology

Rio Salado CollegeBiology

A detailed overview of reproductive physiology, focusing on key concepts such as embryogenesis, fetal development, and placental function. It covers various stages of development from ootid to blastocyst, including cleavage, morula, and hatching. The document also explains the biochemical signals for pregnancy recognition in different species and the types of placental attachments. It further elaborates on the functions of the placenta, placental hormones, and the process of parturition, making it a valuable resource for students studying reproductive biology and animal physiology. Useful for university students.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 06/03/2025

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Rio | Salado | BIO202 | Physiology | of |
reproduction | Fina | Exam | with | correct |
detailed | solutions
embryogenesis | - | Correct | answer | ✔differentiation | of | cells | into | germ | layer
embryo | - | Correct | answer | ✔early | period | of | development | in | which | no | distinct |
anatomic | structures | are | formed
fetus | - | Correct | answer | ✔a | potential | offspring | within | the | uterus | that | is |
recognizable | as | a | member | of | a | species
conceptus | - | Correct | answer | ✔a | product | of | conception |
1. | placenta
2. | fetus
3. | embryo
ootid | - | Correct | answer | ✔male | and | female | pronuclei | visible | (large | single | cell)
zygote | - | Correct | answer | ✔single | cell | embryo
cleavage | - | Correct | answer | ✔mitotic | division | resulting | in | increase | of | cells |
without | increasing | cell | mass
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pf4
pf5
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pf9
pfa
pfd
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Download Reproductive Physiology: Embryogenesis, Fetal Development, and Parturition and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

Rio | Salado | BIO202 | Physiology | of |

reproduction | Fina | Exam | with | correct |

detailed | solutions

embryogenesis | - | Correct | answer | ✔differentiation | of | cells | into | germ | layer embryo | - | Correct | answer | ✔early | period | of | development | in | which | no | distinct | anatomic | structures | are | formed fetus | - | Correct | answer | ✔a | potential | offspring | within | the | uterus | that | is | recognizable | as | a | member | of | a | species conceptus | - | Correct | answer | ✔a | product | of | conception |

  1. | placenta
  2. | fetus
  3. | embryo ootid | - | Correct | answer | ✔male | and | female | pronuclei | visible | (large | single | cell) zygote | - | Correct | answer | ✔single | cell | embryo cleavage | - | Correct | answer | ✔mitotic | division | resulting | in | increase | of | cells | without | increasing | cell | mass

morula | - | Correct | answer | ✔ball | of | 4-8 | blastomeres Inner | cells: | develop | gap | junctions outer | cells: | develop | tight | junctions blastomeres | - | Correct | answer | ✔Smaller | cells | produced | by | cleavage | during | mitotic | cell | division blastocyst | - | Correct | answer | ✔embryo | with |

  1. | fluid | filled | cavity |
  2. | two | distinct | cellular | populations | = | inner | cell | mass | and | trophoblast inner | cell | mass | - | Correct | answer | ✔body | of | embryo trophoblast | - | Correct | answer | ✔fetal | component | of | placenta hatching | - | Correct | answer | ✔blastocyst | leaves | protective | zona | through | small | hole causes | of | hatching | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | blastocyst | growth
  3. | trophoblastic | cells | produce | enzymes
  4. | blastocyst | contraction

cow | = | IFN-t sow | = | E2 | mare | = | embryo | movement hCG | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | trophoblast | secretes | it | 7-9 | days | after | conceptus. | Promotes | CL | to | make | P IFN-t | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | cow | trophoblast | produces | it

  1. | blocks | Oxy | receptors | (no | luteolysis)
  2. | promotes | P4 | synthesis E2 | as | signal | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | sow | produces | it | 11-12 | days | after | ovulation |
  3. | increased | prolactin | production
  4. | makes | PGF2 | alpha | move | into | lumen | (prevention | luteolysis)
  5. | induces | contractions | to | space | out | embryos pregnancy | recognition | in | mare | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | embryo | migrates | around | uterine | horns | and | body |
  6. | implants | after | 14 | days
  7. | accessory | CL | maintains | P4 | until | placenta | forms |
  8. | placenta | secretes | eCG placenta | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | temporary | organ | that | regulates | metabolic | exchange | between | mom | and | fetus
  1. | two | origins | = | fetal | chorion | and | mom | endometrium types | of | placental | attachment | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | diffuse
  2. | cotyledonary
  3. | zonary
  4. | discoid diffuse | - | Correct | answer | ✔entire | placenta | attaches | to | uterus | (sow) cotyledonary | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | allantachorion | attaches | to | uterus | at | specialized | areas | called | placentomes |
  5. | can | be | convex | (cow, | giraffe) | or | concave | (sheep, | goat) discoid | - | Correct | answer | ✔disc | shaped | region | with | villi | attaches | to | endometrium | (humans, | rodents) zonary | - | Correct | answer | ✔placenta | attaches | to | uterus | by | villi | located | in | a | belt | that | circles | the | placenta | (dogs, | cats) placentome | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | balls | of | cotyledon | (fetus) | and | caruncle | (mom) | in | cotylendonary | placenta

| of | layers | in | placental | attachment | - | Correct | answer | ✔(number | of | layers |

between | fetal | and | maternal | blood)

  1. | amino | acids | (converted | to | proteins | by | fetus)
  2. | lipid | transport | limited | (three | fatty | acids | converted | to | fat | in | fetus) antibody | access | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | do | not | cross | in | cow, | ewe, | mare, | bitch | or | queen
  3. | cross | in | humans | and | rodents vitamin | and | mineral | access | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | B, | C | easily | cross
  4. | A, | D, | E | cross | slowly Placental | hormones | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | P4 | = | prevent | contractions | (after | 120 | days | placenta | produces | it)
  5. | E2 | = | increase | reciptability | of | uretus |
  6. | relaxin | = | cause | dilation | of | cervix, | relax | pelvic | ligaments
  7. | placental | lactogen | = | fetal | growth, | milk | production purposes | of | placental | hormones | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | stimulate | ovaries
  8. | fetal | growth
  9. | assist | parturition
  10. | mammory | gland | function parturition | - | Correct | answer | ✔the | process | by | which | the | uterus | expel | the | products | produced | from | conception

names | of | parturition | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | calving | (cow)

  1. | lambing | (sheep)
  2. | farrowing | (pig)
  3. | foaling | (horse)
  4. | whelping | (dog)
  5. | queening | (cat) signs | of | approaching | parturition | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | distended | abdomen
  6. | mammory | gland | development
  7. | swollen | vulva
  8. | relaxed | pelvic | ligaments
  9. | mucous | discharge
  10. | restlessness |
  11. | separation | from | group
  12. | nesting hormones | of | parturition | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | ACTH |
  13. | fetal | cortisol
  14. | placental | P
  15. | E
  16. | PGF2 | alpha
  17. | relaxin 7.oxytocin
  1. | sucking | induces | oxytocin | release presentation | - | Correct | answer | ✔the | direction | the | fetus | is | coming | out | (anterior, | posterior, | transverse) position | - | Correct | answer | ✔orientation | of | fetus | (dorsal, | ventral) posture | - | Correct | answer | ✔relationship | of | limbs | (what | order | they | come | out) glucocorticoids | - | Correct | answer | ✔drug | used | to | induce | parturition Induction | methods | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | strip | membrane
  2. | foley | bulb
  3. | rupturing | membrane |
  4. | prostglandin | gel
  5. | pitocin problems | associated | with | parturition | - | Correct | answer | ✔dystocia | = | long/difficult | birth | from | fetal | size | or | multiple | fetuses puerperium | - | Correct | answer | ✔1.time | between | parturition | and | normal | reproductive | state
  6. | period | of | anestrus |
  7. | uterine | involution | and | repair
  1. | suppression | of | LH | pulses events | of | puerperium | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | myometrium | contractions | = | reduce | uterine | size | and | vasculature
  2. | endometrial | repair
  3. | resumption | of | ovarian | function
  4. | elimination | of | bacterial | contamination | = | continuous | contractions | and | increased | E2 | and | leukocytes resumption | if | estrus | times | - | Correct | answer | ✔mare | = | 1 | week sow | = | 3 | days cow | =21 | days mammory | gland | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | provide | nutrition | for | young
  5. | provide | immunoglobulins | for | protection mammogenesis | - | Correct | answer | ✔development | of | mammory | gland lactogenesis | - | Correct | answer | ✔initiation | of | lactation galactopoeisis | - | Correct | answer | ✔maintenance | of | milk | production involution | - | Correct | answer | ✔reduction | in | size | and | regeneration | of | tissue | following | cessation | of | milk | production
  1. | 2nd | mammory | bud
  2. | canalization postnatal | mammory | gland | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | before | puberty, | growth | is | isometric
  3. | after | puberty, | allometric
  4. | development | not | complete | until | after | parturition
  5. | with | every | pregnancy, | you | make | more | milk mammory | involution | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | milk | secretion | declines | as | neonate | ages
  6. | pressure | atrophy | cause | cessation | of | milk | synthesis |
  7. | involution | allows | for | tissue | regeneration milk | ejection | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | alveolar | balls | of | epithelial | cells | are | contained
  8. | oxytocin | contracts | myoepethial | cells
  9. | milk | ejected | from | alveoli | into | ducts | and | cistern milk | ejection | requires | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | sensory | activation
  10. | neural | activation | of | hypothalamus |
  11. | signals | to | cells | by | oxytocin

breeding | value | - | Correct | answer | ✔the | value | of | an | animal | in | a | breeding | program | for | a | particular | trait True | breeding | values | cannot | be | known | because | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | genes | are | epistatic

  1. | random | 1/2 | of | genes | given | to | offspring
  2. | # | of | combos
  3. | performance | is | effected | by | environment predicted | transmitting | ability | - | Correct | answer | ✔the | predicted | difference | of | a | parent's | offspring | from | average | due | to | the | genes | transmitted | from | that | parent. Requirements | to | determine | Breeding | Value | - | Correct | answer | ✔1. | identify | important | traits
  4. | set | realistic | genetic | goals
  5. | select | better | group | of | mating | sires
  6. | mate | each | cow | to | complementary | bull
  7. | accumulate | genetic | gains | across | generations qualitative | characteristics | - | Correct | answer | ✔phenotype | is | affected | only | by | single | gene quantitative | traits | - | Correct | answer | ✔phenotype | is | affected | by | multiple | genes
  1. | locks | into | fetal | chorion