Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Community
Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts
Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users
Free resources
Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors
A comprehensive set of questions and answers related to the respiratory system, covering topics such as respiratory mechanics, lung sounds, chest x-ray interpretation, and common respiratory conditions. It is a valuable resource for students studying respiratory physiology and pathology.
Typology: Exams
1 / 18
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!
What is the technical term for secretions from the tracheobronchial tree that have not been contaminated by the mouth? A)Sputum B)Phlegm C)Mucus D)Pus B)Phlegm
What term is used to describe sputum that has pus in it?
A)Fetid B)Mucoid C)Purulent D)Tenacious C)Purulent
Which of the following terms is used to describe coughing up blood-streaked sputum?
A)Hematemesis B)Hemoptysis C)Hemolysis D)Hemostasis
B)Hemoptysis
What change in the patient's respiratory breathing pattern is commonly seen with significant fever?
A)Slower rate B)More rapid rate C)More prolonged expiratory time D)More prolonged inspiratory time B)More rapid rate
Which of the following is most commonly associated with tripodding?
A)Severe pulmonary hyperinflation B)Congestive heart disease C)Pneumonia D)Pulmonary fibrosis A)Severe pulmonary hyperinflation
Which of the following are common causes of tachypnea?
A)Scoliosis B)Pectus excavatum C)Kyphosis D)Pectus carinatum C)Kyphosis
You observe a patient's breathing pattern as very irregular and interspersed with long periods of apnea. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this problem?
A)Central nervous system disorder B)Congestive heart failure C)Metabolic acidosis D)Increased intracranial pressure D)Increased intracranial pressure
What is indicated by retractions?
A)An increase in PaCO B)An increase in the work of breathing C)A decrease in blood flow to the lungs D)Reduction in lung volumes B)An increase in the work of breathing
What breathing pattern is associated with severe atelectasis?
A)Rapid and deep B)Rapid and shallow C)Slow and shallow D)Slow and deep B)Rapid and shallow
What breathing pattern is associated with diabetic ketoacidosis?
A)Kussmaul breathing B)Apneustic breathing C)Biot's breathing D)Apnea A)Kussmaul breathing
During auscultation of a patient's chest, you hear abnormal discontinuous "bubbling" sounds at the lung bases. Which of the following chart entries best describes this finding?
A)"Bronchial sounds heard at lung bases." B)"Wheezes heard at lung bases." C)"Crackles heard at lung bases." D)"Rhonchi heard at lung bases." C)"Crackles heard at lung bases."
C)Lateral D)Lordotic B)Posteroanterior
Blunting of the costophrenic angles seen on the posteroanterior or lateral chest film typically indicates:
A)emphysema. B)excess pleural fluid. C)obesity. D)rib fractures. B)excess pleural fluid.
An air-fluid level in the pleural space typically indicates:
A)tension pneumothorax. B)hydropneumothorax. C)pleural effusion. D)an aerobic infection. B)hydropneumothorax.
What term is used to describe the predominance of edema in the hilar regions of both lungs with progressively less edema in the more peripheral areas of the lungs as seen on the chest film?
A)Bat's wing B)Hilar wings C)Butterfly wings D)Heart wings A)Bat's wing
Which of the following statements best describe the typical findings on a chest radiograph for a patient with interstitial lung disease?
A)Unilateral upper lobe infiltrates B)Diffuse bilateral infiltrates C)Diffuse pulmonary hyperinflation D)Diffuse pleural inflammation B)Diffuse bilateral infiltrates
Which of the following is the most common type of interstitial lung disease?
A)Asbestosis B)Silicosis C)Sarcoidosis D)Scleroderma C)Sarcoidosis
Which of the following are common radiographic findings seen in patients with volume loss due to atelectasis?
C)It requires immediate insertion of a chest tube. D)The patient should be intubated. D)The patient should be intubated.
The right heart shadow is not visible on your patient's chest radiograph. Which of the following pathologies may explain this? Right Middle Lobe Pneumonia
Your patient just had an anteroposterior chest film taken. When you view the film, what may be a consideration? The heart may appear larger than it really is
We have an expert-written solution to this problem! Which chest x-ray view is best used to identify excess pleural fluid? Lateral decubitus
Choose all of the following that are normal values for electrolytes.
Na- 120-130 meq/l ; K- 4-5 meq/l; Cl- 90-100 meq/l ; Creatine- 0.6-1.5 g/dl ; BUN- 8-25 mg/100ml K- 4-5 meq/l; Creatine- 0.6-1.5 g/dl ;
BUN- 8-25 mg/100ml
Difficulty breathing except in the upright position: Orthopnea
Which of the following positions would a patient have to sit if they were suffering from these conditions: heart problem, CHF, and Pulmonary Edema orthopnea
The presence of excessive fluid in the tissue is best describe by the following statements Usually occurs in the arms and ankles
Choose the lung abnormalities that would pull the trachea toward the pathology:
Pneumonectomy Enlarged lymph nodes Diaphragmatic paralysis Large mediastinal mass Neck or thyroid tumors Pneumonectomy Diaphragmatic paralysis
Which of the following is the most common type of interstitial lung disease? sarcoidosis
If the patient had a massive pleural effusion on the left side you would see the trachea pushed to the right. True
Normal chest x-ray
Normal chest x-ray lateral view
Pleural Effusion on x-ray
Pneumothorax on x-ray
Right sided tension Pneumothorax on x-ray
Air Bronchograms on x-ray
Pulmonary Edema on x-ray
Interstitial Lung Disease
Hyperinflation on x-ray Commonly seen with emphysema
Lateral view of hyperinflation on x-ray
pitting edema: indentation mark left on skin after applied pressure
weeping edema: small fluid leak occurs at point where pressure applied
patients with chronic hypoxemia lung disease usually develop _________ due to pulmonary hypertension. heart failure (cor pulmonale)
visible distortions in the chest wall, called retractions
how do retractions occur? when inspiratory muscle contractions generate very large negative intrathoracic pressures
tracheal tugging: the downward movement of the thyroid cartilage toward the chest during inspiration
biot respiration: a clustering of rapid, shallow breaths coupled with regular or irregular periods of apnea.
what are causes of biot respiration? damage to medulla or pons caused by stroke or trauma; severe intracranial hypertension
cheyne-stokes respiration: irregular type of breathing; breaths increase and decrease in depth and rate with periods of apnea.
causes of cheyne-stokes respiration: CHF patients, drug overdose, and increased ICP
kussmaul breathing: deep and fast respirations
causes of kussmaul breathing: metabolic acidosis, renal failure, diabetic ketoacidosis
crepitus: caused when air leaks into subcutaneous tissues; a sign of subcutaneous emphysema, crackling you can feel around the patient's neck and upper chest.
sound transmission through lung or chest wall is decreased in patients with: COPD or asthma
PA chest film: results in a high quality film with minimal magnification of heart shadow
how much pleural fluid will blunt costophrenic angle? 200ml
