Refractory manufacturing
Refractory testing
and
Refractory properties
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Refractory lecture slides for course that describe definition, types, example and uses of it
Typology: Lecture notes
2018/2019
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Refractory manufacturing
Refractory testing
and
Refractory properties
What is refractory?
Is it a material which should withstand high temperature only?
The right definition is that it should withstand high temperature,resistance to thermal and thermo chemical load, posses high volume stability, resistant to erosion and abrasion, be tough , and resistant to chemical corrosion etc. Or otherwise it should have high RUL, high PCE, low conductivity , high hot MOR, high creep resistance and optimum CCS etc
Overall it is a compromise with all the above properties.
Choice of refractories depend on the operating and mechanical
conditions of the kiln.
There is no refractory material which posses all the above
properties 100 %
In general any material which in service > 600 deg C is called refractory
Fire Clay bricks
refractory clays Kaolins extended with chamotte or non plastic argillacious matter unwetted by water Al2O3 content = 30 to 45 %
High alumina bricks
**1)Cyanite,andalusite,and siliminite
- natural hydrated alumina(hydrargillite,bohemite,and disapore contained in bauxite) 3)Artificial calcined hydrated alumina, and natural and electro fused alumina ( Alpha -alumina or**
Class A =45 - 60 % Al2O Class B = 60 - 70 % Al2O Class C = > 75 % Al2O Silica bricks Dinas
Magnesia bricks
Magnesit ( MgCO3), Dolomite ( MgCO3.CaCO3), Mg(OH)2,Mgo Obtained from dolomite,saline water and sea water
Spinel bricks
MgO and Al2O3 together sintered or fused MgO from sea water and alumina from alumina industries ,alpha alumina etc)
Raw materials used for manufacturing of bricks
Acidic (^) Basic
neutral
Raw material user
Melting point of pure refractory oxide
SiO2 Al2O3 Cr2O3 CaO ZrO2 MgO
Deg c
Classification of refractories regarding melting point and alkalinity
14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
3000
2750
2500
2250
2000
1750
1500
melting point Deg c
pH value
Cao
MgO
Al2O
ZrO
Cr2O
SiO
basic neutral acidic
SIC crystals ( Silicon carbide)
- ZrSiO
- Zircon crystals ,ZrSiO
Refractory manufacturing process
Schematic diagram of refractory manufacturing
Rough crushing
Raw material
middle crushing distribution^
fine crushing
Storage by Grain size
Measuring quantity mixing moulding
drying
firing
inspection (^) packing shipping