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READING ATI TEAS QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Summarize - ANSWER - >A summary should accurately define the main idea of the passage. Lay out the most important supporting details. Should contain much of the same message as the original text. Inference - ANSWER - >Piece of information that is implied but not written outright by the author. Identifying a logical conclusion - ANSWER - >Combine the info given by the text with what you already know. Must be supported by the text. A logical conclusion follows directly from the text. Conclusion - ANSWER - >Information stated within a passage, rather than to draw them from mere implications. implications - ANSWER - >Are things that the author does not state directly, but readers can assume based on what the author does say.
- evidence is REQUIRED in order to draw conclusions based on implications topic - ANSWER - >subject of text OR what text is all about
- expressed in few words at most main idea - ANSWER - >is the most important point being made by the author.
- often needs a full sentence to be completely defined Example Penguins are different from other birds in many ways. supporting details - ANSWER - >provide evidence and backing for the main point. In order to show that a main idea is correct, or valid, authors add details that prove their point.
- most commonly found in informative and persuasive texts topic sentence - ANSWER - >A sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis. summary sentence - ANSWER - >usually found at the end of the passage ; concludes/sums up point in earlier text follow directions - ANSWER - >1. scan the directions for special equipment or preparations needed.
- return to 1st step complete each step.
- visualize each step before reading the next. memo - ANSWER - >A correspondence written within an organization.
- usually contain a plan, a request for information on a specific topic, or a response to such a request.
- usually written in formal style
sequential - ANSWER - >Forming or following a logical order or sequence. Following a set order. Fixed order in which there is a logical pattern. For example; pages in a book. First, second, next, and last are examples also. chronological - ANSWER - >Arranged in order of time of occurrence. In order by time. For example; today, always, and all year. Chronological signal words describe when one event occurs and ends, and when another event begins. fact - ANSWER - >A statement that can be proved or disproved. Facts are information based on real, provable events, or situations. opinion - ANSWER - >beliefs based on personal judgements, which may not be alterable by research or evidence bias - ANSWER - >prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair. stereotype - ANSWER - >A generalized belief about a group of people. modes - ANSWER - >forms of writing Persusaive Writing - ANSWER - >Tries to get the reader to agree with the author.
- more likely to appeal to reader's emotions
expository writing - ANSWER - >writing that explains or informs.
- goal: to inform, enlighten, and teach the readers
- often contains organizing words like: first, next, for example, therefore
- writer cares more about clarity & comprehensibility than engagement narrative writing - ANSWER - >Writing that tells a story by describing an experience, event or sequence of events.
- a story that can be fiction or nonfiction
- MUST HAVE: plot, characters, figurative language Technical Writing - ANSWER - >This is writing that communicates specific information about a particular subject, craft, or occupation.
- written to describe complex object, or process that need to be explained simply and clearly compare and contrast texts - ANSWER - >Give an account of similarities (compare) and differences (contrast) between two (or more) items or situations, referring to both (all) of them throughout.
- terms used:
- compare: both, same, like, too, as well
- contrast: but, however, on the other hand, instead, yet cause and effect - ANSWER - >The reason something happens and the result of it happening.
Personification - ANSWER - >A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes. Example; the leaves danced in the wind. Connotation - ANSWER - >the implied or suggested meaning of a word.
- includes the emotional reaction that a word may invoke
- mostly used in fiction Example; childlike=immature, youthful=lively, energetic. Denotation - ANSWER - >the literal meaning of a word.
- mostly used in non-fiction because it is fact-based & authors do not use flowery, figurative language dictionary - ANSWER - >a reference book containing an alphabetical list of words with information about them. anecdote - ANSWER - >a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person. index - ANSWER - >an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed. thesaurus - ANSWER - >a feature that allows the user to view synonyms and antonyms, and automatically replace words for enhanced writing.
encyclopedia - ANSWER - >a book or set of books giving information on many subjects or on many aspects of one subject and typically arranged alphabetically. glossary - ANSWER - >A place in the back of the book that gives the definitions or tell the meaning of certain words in the book. appendix - ANSWER - >A section at the back of a book that gives additional information. table of contents - ANSWER - >An ordered list of the topics in a document, along with the page numbers on which they are found. Usually located at the beginning of a long document. almanac - ANSWER - >an annual calendar containing important dates and statistical information such as astronomical data and tide tables. author's purpose - ANSWER - >The reason the author has for writing. ( Inform, persuade, express, & entertain) author's point of view - ANSWER - >How the author feels about the subject he or she is writing about informative texts - ANSWER - >-if an author makes his or her main idea clear from the beginning, then the likely purpose is to INFORM
- written to educate and enlighten readers
- almost always NONFICTION
- may appeal to reader's emotions & cause them to to think differently about a subject text features - ANSWER - >Things such as heading, bulleted lists, and graphics that help a reader find important information heading and subheading - ANSWER - >tells readers what a section of text is about. titles that organize ideas and topics. Heading: larger than SH, gives topic that will be addressed in following paragraph, meant to alert you about what's coming next
- Subheading: gives topics of smaller sections, smaller font, make it easy to go back and find smaller details footnotes and endnotes - ANSWER - >Footnotes and endnotes can also be used in word processing programs.
- A footnote is text that is listed at the bottom of a page which lists where facts and figures within that document page were obtained. --An endnote is similar to a footnote, but differs in the fact that it is listed at the end of paragraphs and chapters of a document, instead of the bottom of each page of the document. bold and underlining - ANSWER - >bold texts indicates importance or key words in textbooks
- underlining serves a similar purpose, often used to suggest emphasis; also used on titles of books, magazines, and works of art.
Italics - ANSWER - >used to emphasize important phrases, words, and sentences.
- also used for: titles of long works like books, magazines, long operas, and epic poems **short works use quotation marks primary source - ANSWER - >An original document containing the observations, ideas, and conclusions of an individual. It is a firsthand account presented by someone present or actively participating in the event. The documentary evidence closest to the subject being studied
- Examples include manuscripts, photographs, oral histories, and personal journals. Secondary source - ANSWER - >a review of a book or a movie outlining the observation made by others prediction,inference, draw conclusions - ANSWER - >an inference is a next step or logical conclusion that is in not actually written in the text; rather, it is deducted by the reader, based on information that is in the text and conclusions, and making predictions.
- a prediction is a guess about what will happen next Foreshadowing - ANSWER - >-uses hints in a narrative to let the audience anticipate future events in the plot
- can be indicated by a number of literary devices and figures of speech, as well as, through dialogue between characters
Journals should be judged by 6 things: - ANSWER - >- source
- length
- authority
- date
- audience
- usefulness line graphs - ANSWER - >used to measure trends over time bar graphs - ANSWER - >used to illustrate sets of numerical data pie chart - ANSWER - >aka circle graph useful for depicting how a single unit or category is divided 3 basic ways to organize info - ANSWER - >1. spatial --> SEE the info
- Chronological --> info in a SEQUENCE
- logical --> info in a PATTERN 6 major types of logical organization - ANSWER - >1. illustration
- definitions
- classifying
- comparing & contrasting
- cause & effect
- problem & solution
