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RD EXAM #3: CDR Study Guide (10th Edition)
Which action would be most effective in conserving utility resources? properly using and maintaining equipment Which of the following is an example of a secondary prevention program? osteoporosis education classes for postmenopausal women After iron-fortified cereal, which of the following foods would be the best to introduce to an infant next? pureed carrots The relationship among positions and functions within a food service department are indicated primarily by the: organizational chart A dietitian planning a health promotion program for state employees collaborates with other health professionals to assess employee needs. The best way to gain health information from the employee is: health risk appraisal A female client with newly diagnosed diabetes is 5'5" and weighs 212 pounds. Exam and laboratory values reveal the following: blood pressure level of 145/95 mm Hg, average fasting blood glucose of 150 mg/dl, average 2-hour postprandial glucose <200 mg/dl, and cholesterol of 250 mg/dl. What is the dietitian's most appropriate first intervention? educate the client about carbohydrate counting
Individual training of a new employee is sometimes delegated to a more experienced employee. The primary disadvantage of this one-to-one teaching method is that it: results in inconsistent training and may perpetuate poor work habits During a nutrition assessment before elective surgery, a client reports regularly taking a multiple vitamin, a mineral supplement, and several natural herbal supplements. The dietitian should: investigate the supplements and discuss supplement use with a physician A patient with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis has the following laboratory test results: BUN, 50 mg/dl, albumin, 2.8 g/dl; and calcium, 8 mg/dl. What recommendation should the dietitian make to improve these laboratory values? increase protein intake Using the 5-week, simple moving average method of forecasting and the data below, the dietitian will need how many servings for October 7th? Roast beef special--Number of servings consumed September 5 -- 125 September 12 -- 115 September 19 -- 119 September 26 -- 123 October 2 -- 120 October 10 -- 121 120
How many FTE employees would be required to staff ten 8-hour positions that require coverage 7 days a week? 14 After participating in a program to increase intake of low fat milk, study results showed participants were more likely to choose milk than soda. This is an example of which type of evaluation? summative A nurse reports that a tube feeding is causing a patient to have diarrhea The first step the dietitian should take is to: evaluate the client's medications What diet is typically recommended for a patient who has undergone a gastrectomy? carbohydrate, protein and fat at each meal, and restriction of fluids with meals A dietitan can best evaluate a client's knowledge and ability to apply dietary modifications by asking the client to: select an appropriate dinner meal from a menu High doses of which supplement is contraindicated for a client who takes Warfarin? ginkgo biloba The most important critical control point to monitor in the preparation and service of canned cream soup is the temperature:
during service holding Carrots rank in the middle of the glycemic index scale, but the glycemic load of carrots is low. Which of the following explanations for this fact is best? a small amount of absorbable carbohydrate is present in carrots An interdisciplinary healthcare team has been formed to improve care for in-patients with diabetes. An appropriate outcome indicator would be: readmission rates for patients with diabetes An adolescent's BMI is plotted at the 90th percentile on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth chart. The adolescent is: overweight A dietitian suspects that a partially breastfed 1-month-old infant has cow's milk allergy. The dietitian should recommend: breastfeeding supplemented with an extensively hydrolyzed casein-based formula A patient has a pre-surgery serum albumin level of 3.7 mg/dl and a post-surgery level of 3.1 mg/dl. The dietitian should recognize that: a decreased serum albumin level is normal after surgery According to the Exchange Lists for Meal Planning, the menu below includes how many carbohydrate servings?
decrease the temperature of the final rinse cycle A client explains to the dietitian, "I realize I am overweight, but this is not the time for me to change my diet."The dietitian should respond by asking: "What are the advantages and disadvantages of focusing on change now?" A client who has a seizure disorder takes phenytoin, ginkgo biloba, St. John's wort, saw palmetto, and glucosamine daily. The dietitian should counsel the client to stop taking the: ginkgo biloba A dining facility uses loss-leader pricing to increase sales. Therefore, the manager will: lower the price below purchasing price A community dietitian wants to investigate how many residents in each of two counties had myocardial infarction (MI) and determine which county has the highest incidence of MI. Which study would be best? correlational study Using a No. 8 disher to serve 1/2 gallons of ice cream will yield how many portions? 16 A client is 5'3" tall and weighs 189 pounds. What is the client's BMI? 32
A dietitian is counseling parents of a child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and who is being treated with methylphenidate (Ritalin). The dietitian's interview for this child should be based on an understanding that: anorexia can be an adverse effect that may affect growth An infant with a phenylketonuria requires which of the following dietary alterations? low-phenylalanine, high-tyrosine Which of the following advantages is the primary benefit of a closed system for tube feedings? decreased risk of bacterial contamination Bacterial contamination is a primary concern with open-system tube feedings; closed-system tube feedings can be used to decrease the risk of microbial infection. No separation occurs with enteral formula like it can with parenteral formulation. Ready-to-feed formulas do not require dilution. When additional water is necessary to meet fluid requirements, it is administered intermittently as flushes throughout the day. Closed systems have a longer hang time of 24 hours versus open systems with a hang time of 8 - 12 hours. A background check reveals that an employee failed to disclose an arrest from five years ago for domestic violence on the employment application. The employee explains that the charges were dropped, so it was not necessary to provide the information. The foodservice manager wants to terminate the employee. The nutrition director should: make a decision in consultation with human resources An important element of a food specification for purchasing fruits and vegetables is the: market form
iron deficiency An athlete has recently changes his diet to include a large amount of protein in order to increase muscle mass. Since this change, he reports decreased energy during the day and poor performance at practice. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms/? inadequate CHO intake Which of the following menu items would most adversely affect the absoprtion of iron? tea milk club soda orange juice tea Standard deviation is a ___ statistic. descriptive Descriptive statistics intend to describe data and summarize the current dataset ( e.g., measures of central tendency - mean, median, mode; measures of spread - standard deviation and standard error of mean). Inferential statistics, intend to draw conclusions about the population, based on the sample (e.g., ANOVA, two-tailed test, chi-square, confidence interval, regression, odds ratio, etc) A group of individuals in a weight loss class appear to have a good understanding of what they need to do to lose weight. However, they have difficulty taking the necessary steps. The dietitian's next step should be to: help the participants to set realistic goals
A gastrojejunostomy is most likely to affect a patient's absorption of: calcium and iron Which of the following sanitizers is most quickly inactivated by the presence of organic contaminants? chlorine A 72-year-old patient who experienced a cerebrovascular accident demonstrated normal laboratory values when an enteral feeding was initiated five days ago. Current laboratory values are: Serum sodium: 146 mEq/L Serum potassium: 3.9 mEq/L Serum creatinine: 1.2 mEq/L Serum glucose: 132 mEq/L Blood urea nitrogen: 43 mEq/L The appropriate intervention would be to: increase fluid intake A dietitian conducting a nutrition analysis of a recipe that uses 10 lb of 80/20 raw ground beef can best ensure analysis accuracy by: using data for the "edible portion" weight of the cooked ground beef A morbidly obese, ventilator dependent ICU patient has end-stage renal disease, diabetes and sacral decubiti. The primary concern for recommending a tube feeding regimen should be: adequate calories
Skinfold thickness measurements are best for assessing which of the following individuals? a 36-year-old athlete The management functions in which performance is measured and corrective action is taken to ensure the accomplishment of an organization goal is known as: controlling (note: corrective-controlling) Transferring a staff member who is rumored to have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease violates which of the following acts? Americans with disabilities act A study is being conducted to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two different interventions for reducing serum cholesterol levels. Changes in serum cholesterol levels, nutrition knowledge, and attitudes and behaviors regarding the two interventions will be assessed at the beginning and end of the study. What is the independent variable of this study? type of intervention A patient receiving hospice care eats poorly. The patient's spouse is upset by this and attends all meals to encourage the patient. The dietitian's best intervention is to ask the spouse to: bring the patient's favorite foods A dietitian is developing a pamphlet about breastfeeding for distribution by public health nurses. The first step is to:
determine the needs of the target population A nutritional assessment of a man who has HIV disease reveals the laboratory results shown below: Height: 5'10", Weight: 115 lb, Hematocrit: 35%, Mean corpuscular volume: 102: um, BUN: 11 mg/dl, Serum Albumin: 2.8 g/dl, CD4: 280, total lymphocytes: 1200/mm^ The primary concern of the dietitian should be the: weight One month ago, a patient began receiving parenteral nutrition that delivers 2,300 kcal/day. Since then, the patient has experience undesirable weight gain. Which of the following formulations would be appropriate? 1800 ml of 20% dextrose and 5% amino acids plus 250 ml of 20% lipid emulsion The patient in question has experienced undesirable weight gain on the current parenteral nutrition regimen, which is providing 2,300 kcal/day. In order to prevent further weight gain, the dietitian should alter the regimen in order to reduce the total number of kcal the patient is receiving. As outlined in the calculations below, the other options are not correct because each total kcal level is higher than the original 2,300 kcal/day. All of these options would result in increased weight gain for the patient. Only the correct option provides a daily kcal level below 2,300 kcal/day. A patient with diabetic gastroparesis diet should avoid foods that are: high in fat A resident in an extended-care facility is experiencing elevated levels of BUN and serum sodium, poor skin turgor, and decreased urinary output. The most likely cause is: voluntary restriction of fluid intake
Salary: $5, Employee benefits: $1, Direct operating: $3,250 Administrative: $ Depreciation: $ $14, The best way to evaluate whether clients in a community nutrition education class view the class as informative and necessary would be to: have participants complete a course evaluation A client's laboratory tests indicate a glomerular filtration rate of 14 mL/min/1.73m^2, BUN level of 70 mg/dl, serum potassium 5.9 mEq/L, serum phosphorus 9.6 mg/dl. These values are associated with which of the following conditions? end-stage renal disease A patient reports decreased oral intake, persistent nausea and vomiting, and decreased functional capacity. To complete a subjective global assessment, the dietitian needs to evaluate: the presence of edema and wasting or dehydration When a manager updates the director about activities occurring on the patient trayline, he is demonstrating which of the following managerial roles? interpersonal Which is the best way to ensure compliance when a client is counseled about a meal plan for diabetes management? recommend healthy food choices consistent with food preferences
A dietitian in a small rural community is conducting research to explore barriers to healthy eating. The dietitian will use a focus group. An advantage of using this methodology instead of others for this study is that focus groups: involve more interactions with informants A 42-year-old woman who is 5'10" needs how many grams of protein per day? 60 At birth, an infant was at the 75th percentile for weigh - for-age. At six months, the baby is at the 60th percentile for weight-for-age. The growth chart data most likely indicates: normal growth rate A dietitian should consider a client's absorption of which of the following nutrients during peritoneal dialysis before modifying his or her diet? carbohydrate A primary benefit to using physical inventory versus perpetual inventory is: less time and supervision are needed Standards that specify the amount of pesticide residue allowed on raw and processed foods are established by the: Environmental Protection Agency
Which of the following lunch menus would be most appropriate for an 18-month-old infant? beef patty, whole wheat bread, cooked carrots, banana chunks and whole milk Self-feeding skills on an 18-month-old infant include good pincer control. Finger Feedback: foods allow for independent eating. Whole milk is recommended until age 2. Utensils are not well handled at this age and foods that require use of utensils should be avoided for independent eating. A patient needs a diet for dysphagia. Which of the following foods must be avoided to meet the nectar consistency requirement? flavored gelatin A clinical manager has created a marketing strategy for a new pediatric weight-loss program to be competitively priced and held at a local school. Another factor required for a successful marking mix is: advertising to parents A 49-year-old overweight woman smokes one pack of cigarettes daily, has a blood pressure level of 140/85 mm Hg, and medical history reveals hypertension and hyperlipidemia. What is the best nutrition intervention for the client? a complex CHO, low saturated fat diet The most effective dietary changes to address both hypertension and hyperlipidemia of those listed are to increase dietary fiber and to reduce saturated fat intake. To increase dietary fiber, a patient should include more high-fiber carbohydrates such as whole grains, and increase their intake of fruits and vegetables. In addition to decreasing saturated fat, additional strategies would include using monounsaturated fats and omega-3 fatty acids. Options B, C and D are not correct because they contain nutrition recommendations that would either be contraindicated (refined carbs) or lacking specific
evidence (high protein diet) when looking specifically at an individual with both hypertension and hyperlipidemia. A client who has diabetes, uses an insulin pump and has a carbohydrate to insulin ration of 16:1. The client plans to eat the following meal: 1 1/3 cups cooked spaghetti noodles 1 cup marinara sauce 1 cup green beans 1 slice Italian bread 1 tsp garlic butter 1/2 cup ice cream What amount of insulin should the client take? 8 units Harriett is an 84 yoF resident of the long-term care and rehab facility where you are currently the registered dietitian. She has severe CAD and has been prescribed a 2 gm sodium, low fat diet. She recently has been complaining of lack of taste and her weight has declined 1% in one month. What are your intervention suggestions? liberalize Harriett's diet to regular
