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Autograft
Autotransplantation is the transplantation of organs, tissues or even proteins from one part of the body to another in the same individual. TERM 2
Isograft
DEFINITION 2 An Isograft is a graft of tissue between two individuals who are genetically identical (i.e. TERM 3
Allograft
DEFINITION 3 Allotransplantation is the transplantation of cells, tissues, or organs, sourced from a genetically non-identical member of the same species as the recipient. TERM 4
Xenograft
DEFINITION 4 Xenotransplantation, is the transplantation of living cells, tissues or organs from one species to another. TERM 5
histocompatible
DEFINITION 5 Histocompatibility is the property of having the same, or mostly the same, alleles of a set of genes called the major histocompatibility complex.
haplotype
A haplotype in genetics is a combination of alleles (DNA sequences) at adjacent locations (loci) on the chromosome that are transmitted together. TERM 7
major histocompatibility complex
DEFINITION 7 Major histocompatibility complex is a cell surface molecule encoded by a large gene family in all vertebrates. TERM 8
minor histocompatibility
DEFINITION 8 Minor histocompatibility antigen are receptors on the cell surface of donated organs that are known to give an immunological response in some organ transplants. TERM 9
grafts
DEFINITION 9 refers to a surgical procedure to move tissue from one site to another on the body, or from another person, without bringing its own blood supply with it. TERM 10
alloreactivity
DEFINITION 10 the major histocompatibility antigens are recognized directly by TH and TC cells
Cyclosporin A
-- is an immunosuppressant drug widely used in post- allogeneic organ transplant to reduce the activity of the immune system, and therefore the risk of organ rejection. TERM 17
Rapamycin
DEFINITION 17 --- is an immunosuppressant drug used to prevent rejection in organ transplantation; it is especially useful in kidney transplants. TERM 18
FK
DEFINITION 18 --- is an immunosuppressive drug that is mainly used after allogeneic organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patient's immune system and so lower the risk of organ rejection. TERM 19
alloantigen
DEFINITION 19 Alloimmunity is a condition in which the body gains immunity against antigens of another individual of the same species, which are perceived as foreign. TERM 20
Monoclonal-antibody
DEFINITION 20 initially employed to deplete T cells in graft recipients, also has been used to treat donors bone marrow before it is transplanted.
ICAM-
--- also known as CD54 (Cluster of Differentiation 54) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ICAM1 gene. TERM 22
LFA-
DEFINITION 22 Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1, is found on all T- cells and also on B-cells, macrophages and neutrophils and is involved in recruitment to the site of infection. TERM 23
TNF-a
DEFINITION 23 --- have been shown to prolong bone-marrow transplants in mice and to reduce the incidence of graft-versus-host disease TERM 24
IFN-a and to IL-
DEFINITION 24 have each been reported in some cases to prolong cardiac transplants in rats TERM 25
CD
DEFINITION 25 --- is one of the molecules expressed on T cells that provide co-stimulatory signals, which are required for T cell activation.
neoplasm
An oncogene is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer. TERM 32
benign
DEFINITION 32 A tumor is a tumor that lacks the ability to metastasize. TERM 33
malignant
DEFINITION 33 A tumor that continues to grow and becomes progressivelyinvasive TERM 34
metastasis
DEFINITION 34 is the spread of a disease from one organ or part to another non-adjacent organ or part. TERM 35
leukemias and lymphomas
DEFINITION 35 are malignant tumors of hematopoietic cells of the bone marrow
Sarcomas
---is a cancer that arises from transformed cells in one of a number of tissues that develop from embryonic mesoderm. TERM 37
carcinomas
DEFINITION 37 tumors that arise from endodermal or ectodermal tissues such as skin or the epithelial lining of internal organs and glands TERM 38
oncogenes
DEFINITION 38 ----is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer. TERM 39
Rous sarcoma virus
DEFINITION 39 ----is a retrovirus and is the first oncovirus to have been described: it causes sarcoma in chickens. TERM 40
p
DEFINITION 40 --- is a tumor suppressor protein that in humans is encoded by the TP53 gene.
CD
B-lymphocyte antigen that can activated-glycosylated phosphoprotein expressed on the surface of all B-cells beginning at the pro-B phase (CD45R+, CD117+) and progressively increasing in concentration until maturity. TERM 47
HTLV-
DEFINITION 47 Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1, also called the Adult T-cell lymphoma virus type 1, a virus that has been seriously implicated in several kinds of diseases including - associated myelopathy, Strongyloides stercoralis hyper- infection, and a virus cancer link for leukemia (see adult T- cell leukemia/lymphoma). TERM 48
GM-CSF
DEFINITION 48 Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, often abbreviated to -----, is a protein secreted by macrophages, T cells, mast cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts.
