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Quality Management and Statistical Tools, Exams of Business Economics

An overview of various quality management theories and statistical tools used in quality control. It covers topics such as the Central Limit Theorem, Deming's Profound Knowledge, Total Quality Management, and the sigma shift used in Six Sigma. It also discusses the importance of human performance technology, team dynamics, and the '5S' approach to quality management. various acronyms and organizations related to quality management and statistical tools. It is a useful resource for students studying quality management and related fields.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 10/04/2023

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American Society for Quality (ASQ)
Central Limit Theorem states: -
"The distribution of an average tends to be Normal even when the distribution from which the average
is computed is decidedly non-Normal"
Dr. W. Edwards Deming's Profound Knowledge consists of: -
1.Appreciation for a system, 2. Knowledge about variation, 3. Theory of knowledge, 4. Psychology
Dr. Joseph Juaran's idea that "quality does not happen by accident" gave rise to his theory consisting of:
-
1. Quality Planning, 2. Quality Control, 3. Quality Improvement
Dr. Feigenbaum's Total Quality Management (1950) discussed the idea of : -
Cost of Poor Quality
What is the sigma shift used in Six Sigma? -
A sigma shift 1.5 sigma movement of the mean around the grand average
Human Performance Technology -
The study of who human performance can be improved
In the past 40 years, how many buzz words have been used to describe business improvements, ideas,
practices? -
Over 100 - many of these refer to similar techniques & tools
What will help the understandability of the audience? -
A reading level of reference (measured by FESH, FOG, etc)
Quality in Training (QUIT): -
Looks to understand how effective the learning intervention was, or is going to be
Training Effectiveness: -
Involves studying how the learning of an intervention is actually used back in the workplace
Team Dynamics involve what steps? -
Forming, storming, norming, performing, morning - if someone new joins the team, you start over
Where does statistical patterns exist? -
Everywhere, the situations/industry may change, but patterns are still present & predictable
What plays a large role in how people respond to the system/management? -
Cleanliness of a work area/environment
The "5S" include: -
Sort, Straighten, Shine, Standardize, Sustain
Deming changed what, just prior to his death in 1992? -
The Shewhart PDCA to PSDA
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Central Limit Theorem states: - "The distribution of an average tends to be Normal even when the distribution from which the average is computed is decidedly non-Normal" Dr. W. Edwards Deming's Profound Knowledge consists of: - 1.Appreciation for a system, 2. Knowledge about variation, 3. Theory of knowledge, 4. Psychology Dr. Joseph Juaran's idea that "quality does not happen by accident" gave rise to his theory consisting of:

    1. Quality Planning, 2. Quality Control, 3. Quality Improvement Dr. Feigenbaum's Total Quality Management (1950) discussed the idea of : - Cost of Poor Quality What is the sigma shift used in Six Sigma? - A sigma shift 1.5 sigma movement of the mean around the grand average Human Performance Technology - The study of who human performance can be improved In the past 40 years, how many buzz words have been used to describe business improvements, ideas, practices? - Over 100 - many of these refer to similar techniques & tools What will help the understandability of the audience? - A reading level of reference (measured by FESH, FOG, etc) Quality in Training (QUIT): - Looks to understand how effective the learning intervention was, or is going to be Training Effectiveness: - Involves studying how the learning of an intervention is actually used back in the workplace Team Dynamics involve what steps? - Forming, storming, norming, performing, morning - if someone new joins the team, you start over Where does statistical patterns exist? - Everywhere, the situations/industry may change, but patterns are still present & predictable What plays a large role in how people respond to the system/management? - Cleanliness of a work area/environment The "5S" include: - Sort, Straighten, Shine, Standardize, Sustain Deming changed what, just prior to his death in 1992? - The Shewhart PDCA to PSDA

Preventive Maintenance: - Is a major key in learning how to prevent issues from arising What is the primary use of FEMA? - To evaluate the risks in the project/event. It should not be used as a paper exercise, & there are NO secret RPN target values that must be met! What is the primary purpose of SPC? - To monitor a process while it is working, vs. a paper review after something is shipped What is the primary purpose of a Control Plan? - It insure a standard work process is followed & give direction when something does not follow the normal flow What is the primary purpose of AQP or APQP? - To give a cross functional team a chance to work through all the item/steps that need to be done in preparing for a new product or service before problems occur. ASQ Code of Ethics: Fundamental Principles (1) -

  1. Will be honest and impartial; will serve with devotion my employer, my clients, and the public ASQ Code of Ethics: Fundamental Principles (2) -
  2. Will strive to increase the competence and prestige of the profession ASQ Code of Ethics: Fundamental Principles (3) -
  3. Will use my knowledge and skills for the advancement of human welfare, in promoting the safety and reliablity of prodcuts for public use. ASQ Code of Ethics: Fundamental Principles (4) -
  4. Will earnestly endeavor to aid the work of the Society ASQ Code of Ethics: Public Relations 1.1 - 1.1. Will do whatever I can to promote the reliablity and safety of all the products that come w/in my jurisdiction ASQ Code of Ethics: Public Relations 1.2 - 1.2 Will endeavor to extend public knowledge of the work of the Society and its members that relates to the public welfare ASQ Code of Ethics: Public Relations 1.3 - 1.3 Will be dignified nad mosest in explaining my work and merit ASQ Code of Ethics: Public Relations 1.4 - 1.4 Will preface any public statements that I may issue by clearly indicating on whos behalf they are made

man (people), machine (equipment), methods (operating procedures), materials, measurement, mother nature (environment), management, and money 14 Points - Dr. Deming's 14 point management practices A2LA - American Assoc. for Laborator Accediation AAQC - American Aerospace Quality Group ABET - ABET, Inc... formerly the Accrediation Board of Education & Training ACL - Acceptance Control Limit ACSI - American Customer Satisfaction Index ACWP - Actual cost of work performed AD - airworthiness directive ADA - American with Disabilities Act (USA 1990 law) ADDIE - Assessment, design, development, implement, evaluation AFD - anticipatory failure determination (found in TRIZ) AIAG - Automotive Industry Action Group AIN - advanced intelligent network AMA - American Management Association ANAB - ANSI-ASQ National Accreditation Board

AND -

activity network diagram ANOM - analysis of means - advanced statistical tool used in hypothesis testing ANOVA - analysis of variance - advanced statistical tool used in hypothesis testing ANSI - American National Standards Institute AOQ - average outgoing quality AOQL - average outgoing quality limit APL - acceptable process level APQC - American Productivity and Quality Center APQP - advanced product quality planning APS - advanced planning and scheduling AQAP - Allied Quality Assurance Publication (NATO quality standards) AQIP - Academic Quality Improvement Project AQL - acceptable quality level AQP - Association for Quality and Participation AQP - advanced quality planning AQS -

AV -

appraiser variations (used on GR&R form) B2C - business to customer BAU - business as usual BB - Black Belt - person who rec'd training (typically four weeks over 4-months) in the advance tools and methodology of Six Sigma BCWP - budgeted cost of work performed BCWS - budgeted cost of work scheduled BIA - business improvement analyst BIB - balanced incomplete block design (used in design of experiments) BIC - best in class BIC - business improvement coach BIT - built in test BITE - built in test equipment BOB - best of the best BOK - body of knowledge BOM - bill of materials BOS -

business operating system BPI - budget and performance integration (PQA) PBPMS - business process management system BPR - business process reengineering BRM - business risk management BSI - British Standards Institute BSR - Board of Standard Review BTW - by the way C&E - cause & effect (also known as Iskikawa diagram/fishbone diagram) CA - criticality analysis CAD - computer aided design CADDIEM - customer, assessment, design, development, implement, evaluation & maintenance CADQAD - computer-aided development of quality assurance data CAE - computer aided engineering CAFÉ - corporate average fuel economy CAM - computer aided manufacturing

CEO -

chief executive officer CEQ - Council on Environmental Quality CFO - chief financial officer CFR - USA Code of Federal Regulations CGMP - current good manufacturing practices CHA - ASQ Certified HACCP Auditor CI - continuous improvement CIO - chief information officer CIM - change-in-mean-effect (evolutionary operations) CIT - critical items list CLCA - closed-loop corrective action CMI - ASQ Certified Mechanical Inspector Cmk - Machine capability index (Calculated using continuous uninterupted samples. Also known as short- term capability.) CMM - capability maturity model for software (also known as SW-CMM) CMM - coordinate measuring machine

CMQ/OE -

ASQ Certified Manager of Quality and Organizational Excellence C/N (change notice) - a documented change to the process or blue print CNC - computer numerical control C/O (changeover time) - the amount of time required to change tools in a process to product a different part COB - close of business (usually used as a timetable to respond by on a given day) COC - cost of conformance CONC - cost of nonconformance COO - chief operating officer COP - customer COPIS - customer, output, process, input, supplier COPQ - cost of poor quality—measure of waste in operation COQ - cost of quality—see COPQ COQC - certificate of quality compliance CP - control plan Cp - process capability measurement—compares engineering specification divided by process six standard deviations Cpk -

CQT -

ASQ Certified Quality Technician CR - conditionally required CR/CR - concern report/change request CRE - ASQ Certified Reliability Engineer CRM - customer relationship management CRM - certified reference material CRM - corporate records management CS - customer satisfaction CSM - customer supplier model CSP - continuous sampling plan CSQE - ASQ Certified Software Quality Engineer CSSBB - ASQ Certified Six Sigma Black Belt CSSGB - ASQ Certified Six Sigma Green Belt C/T (cycle time) - the amount of time to perform a particular process CTC - critical to customer CTQ—critical to quality -

identification of items or issues that are important to the customer CTS - critical to satisfaction CUSUM - cumulative sum control chart CVEP - continuous value enhancement process CWQC - companywide quality control