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A comprehensive overview of insulin administration, focusing on key aspects relevant to diabetes management. It covers essential topics such as blood sugar testing, insulin types, injection sites, and recognizing the signs and symptoms of hypo- and hyperglycemia. The material is presented in a question-and-answer format, making it an effective study guide for healthcare professionals and students learning about diabetes care. It also addresses the qma's responsibilities in managing diabetic residents, including monitoring blood sugar levels, recognizing complications, and following facility policies. A valuable resource for understanding the practical aspects of insulin therapy and diabetes management. It also includes information about the pancreas and its role in producing insulin and glucagon, as well as the different types of diabetes mellitus and their causes. The document also covers the effects of aging on diabetes and the pancreas, as well as the three p's of hyperglycemia.
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residents who are receiving energy should Answer:
why is insulin called the key Answer: the key to unlock the cell to allow sugar to enter the cell and be used for energy
what is the purpose of blood sugar testing Answer: determines the amount of sugar that is circulating in the blood normal blood sugar is 70- 110
What is BG Answer: Random blood glucose- blood sugar levels measure the sugar in blood at a specific time
What is FBS? How long does the resident fast Answer: Fasting blood glucose- the resident fast for 12 hours no food or drinks except water normal 3.8- 6.4%
What does Hba1c determine? Answer: determines the level of serum glucose over the 3 precious months normal (3.8-6.4%
How is insulin measured Answer: units and requires special needle for admin
which unit of measurement qma cannot administer Answer: U- 500 or anything greater
What is a vial? Answer: Pre filled glass bottle with rubber stopper
areas not to be injected Answer: joints, bones, middle of abdomen, groin area, navel area, scar tissue
What is the route the physician will order for an insulin injection Answer: Subcutaneously Sub-q
subcutaneous layer Answer: between skin and muscle
Skin supposed to be piched at inject sight Answer: true
What angle do you insert needle Answer: 45 - 90 degrees
Blood sugars need to be checked more frequently when sick Answer: true
drops 70 or lower glucagon needs to be administered QMA cannot administer glucagon Answer: true
Carbohydrates Answer: the starches and sugars present in foods
what can occur if blood sugar remains to low Answer: lead to seizures, coma, death
what are 10 signs of hypoglycemia Answer: anxious, sweating,cold clammy, confused,fast heart rate,dizziness,nausea,weakness,headache,blurred vision
Answer: Cause: nausea and vomiting, to much insulin intake, alcohol intake , lowfood intake
QMA responsibility when a resident verbalizes S/S of hypo/Hyper glycemia? Answer:
QMA responsibility when a resident is alert and awake when blood sugars are to high and low? Answer:
QMA's responsibility when the diabetic resident is unconscious and unable to swallow or combative. Answer:
Points to remember diabetic resident facts Answer:
Why is diet important to diabetic Answer: Diet can play a significant role in diabetic management controls Blood sugar levels, and maintain good weight
How does physical activity benefit the diabetic resident? Answer: Increases insulin activity , improves glucose tolerance and weight control
What three ways do oral hypoglycemic medications help treat diabetics? Answer: Stimulate insulin secretion in the pancreas, decrease the amount of glucose , delays digestion of carbohydrate in diet
Why is insulin administered by injection Answer: to carry glucose from the blood stream into the cells for energy and fuel
Vommiting can lower blood sugar Answer: true
Three main types produced by pancreases Answer: Lipase - break down fat protease - breaks down protein amylase - breaks down carbohydrates
Islets of Langerhans Answer: cells in the pancreas that produce insulin
decision tree Answer: Insulin treatments and guidelines by facility
Insulin is released from Answer: pancreas , beta cells
beta cells
Answer: produce insulin , cells in pancreas
When glucagon is released it turns protein in the liver into sugar to be used for energy once blood sugar levels have risen the pancreas stops releasing glucagon Answer: True
If resident is combat active and unable to swollen Answer: Call 911 the notify nurse
Diabetes can damage blood vessels In The kidneys That are needed to filter wastE the damage and can leak protein in the urine diabetes can lead to kidney failure that may require renal diabetes Answer: True
Diabetes affect blood vessels through out the body Answer: True
Insulin varies by Answer: Onset peak and duration
Answer: Standard most commonly insulin used
Insulin always measure in units Answer: True
Insulin Answer: A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics
insulin resistance Answer: the inability of the cells to respond to insulin
Glucose Answer: A simple sugar that is an important source of energy.
Glucagon Answer: A protein hormone secreted by pancreatic endocrine cells that raises blood glucose levels; an antagonistic hormone to insulin.
Qma must include 1 hour of inservice related to insulin admin 1 year Answer: True
Perform finger stick blood glucose and free style libre per facility procedure policy Answer: True
Blood glucose machine Answer: Look at manufacture instructions on how to use
ketoacidosis Answer: excessive production of ketones, making the blood acid
diabetes mellitus Answer: insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects
Seven signs of Diabetes Mellitus Answer: unusual thirst, frequent urination, extreme hunger, blurred vision, unusual weight lost, extreme fatigue, irritability
what are the two most common diabetes mellitus Answer: type 1 & type 2
What is type 1 diabetes? Answer: insulin dependent, diagnosed in childhood or early adulthood
What is type 2 diabetes mellitus? Answer: poor life style choices, excessive body fat, produces insulin but body doesnt use it effectively known as insulin resistance
How does aging affect the body as related to diabetes and the pancreas? Answer: Cells become more resistant to the effects of insulin, more difficulty metabolizing glucose, The cells in the pancreas that produce insulin becomes less sensitive with age and don't produce insulin quickly enough to respond to high blood sugar.
What are the three P's of hyperglycemia? Answer: polyuria - frequent urination, polydipsia- frequent thirst, polyphagia-frequent hunger
8 signs of hyperglycemia Answer: unusual thirst, frequent urination, extreme hunger, unusual weight lost, blurred vision, fruity odor to breath, fatique, irritability