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PUBLIC HEALTH WEEK 1 AND 2
EDAPTS WITH 156 QUESTIONS &
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
_____ is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. _____ is a group of individuals that share a geographic location, common interests, characteristics, values, and goals while_______ is a group of people with common personal or environmental characteristics. Health Community Population What is included in the scope of public health? Select all that apply. Living conditions Environmental sanitation Personal hygiene education Preventative care Policy development Control of communicable infections
Drag each of the five primary causes of premature death in adults in the United States to the column on the right.
- Heart disease
- Stroke
- Unintentional injuries
- Cancer
- Chronic lower respiratory diseases According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), public health is the science of protecting and improving the health of communities through organized community effort achieved by promoting _________ through education and __________ recommendations, preventing ________ , and detecting, preventing, and responding to __________. healthy lifestyles policy injuries illnesses Match each social determinant of health title to the correct category. : Age, gender, diet, physical activity, substance use, family health history. Individual Determinants
Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages. The support of alternative treatment methods is not an overall goal. For each activity listed, select whether it is a primary, secondary, or tertiary preventive activity. Yearly mammogram Secondary prevention Secondary prevention activities are early detection and intervention. Examples include mammograms and colonoscopies. Alcoholics anonymous group Tertiary Prevention Tertiary prevention activities are aimed at correction and prevention of deterioration of disease and may include alcoholics anonymous groups and chronic anxiety behavioral therapy. Colonoscopy
Secondary Prevention Tetanus Immunization Primary Prevention Primary prevention activities prevent problems before they occur, such as tetanus immunizations. Chronic anxiety behavioral therapy Tertiary Prevention _______ objectives reflect high-priority public health issues associated with evidence-based interventions, and most measure progress towards a goal over time. _________objectives are still high-priority but do not have reliable baseline data. ____________objectives represent a high health or economic burden but are not associated with evidence-based interventions. Core Developmental Research
What should be considered when planning the content of the educational program? State which is indicated or nonessential: Nurse's ability to speak the primary language of the target population Traditional cultural and religious beliefs Number of copies to make for each session Risk factors for the specific population Indicated Indicated Nonessential Indicated Which of the nursing actions are primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention in relation to teenage pregnancy? A category may have more than one correct answer. Nursing Actions of Primary Prevention: Education on birth control, Birthing simulator demonstration Nursing Actions of Secondary Prevention:
Sexually transmitted disease screening Nursing Actions of Tertiary Prevention: Gestational diabetic diet planning A client is unable to take birth control medication. Which statement would indicate that education on preventing pregnancy is effective? "I should ensure that I have condoms with me to use every time I have sex with my partner." A nurse enjoys reviewing and collecting data and analyzing it for trends. Which area of community health would be most appropriate for this nurse? Nurse epidemiologist If the nurse enjoys data and evaluation of data for trends, the most appropriate area of community health would be epidemiology. This role tracks outbreaks, collects data and statistics, evaluates the information for trends, and provides guidance on handling the situation. Telehealth nurses primarily work on the computer or phone to assist others in attaining personal health goals. Nurse educators provide education on topics and use data but do not focus on statistical methods. Health policy is the legislative process to develop laws and mandates to promote the health of the general population and ensure equitable access to care.
Collaboration is two or more persons or organizations working to achieve a common goal by enhancing the capacity of one or more members to promote and protect health. Coalition building promotes and develops alliances among organizations for a common purpose. Delegated functions carry out direct care tasks under the authority of a health practitioner as allowed by law. Outreach locates populations of interest or those at risk to provide information about the nature of the concern, what can be done about it, and how services can be obtained. What is the level of prevention appropriate for the population-focused example? Conducting hearing and vision screenings in school age children Pulmonary rehabilitation for a client with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Teaching the importance of wearing a helmet when bicycling Secondary Tertiary Primary What are the three pillars of population health?
Public health Public policy Clinical healthcare Education and training, prevention of disease, and health promotion are included within the pillars. The United States spends _________ on healthcare than other industrialized nations but has ____________scores on many key health indicators. more lower What four main knowledge and skills must be included to build and sustain population health nursing? Select all that apply. Policy development Research Education Practice How is primary prevention included in the public health intervention wheel? Health education Health education is included in the intervention wheel and this is an example of primary prevention. The nurse provides information that will help clients prevent diseases or injuries from occurring. Surveillance is examining the presence of
What interventions could be planned at an individual level to decrease the prevalence of childhood obesity? Select all that apply. Education on healthy food choices Screening for genetic predispositions Body mass index screenings Parental education classes Which environmental factors can influence a child's development of obesity at the community level? Select all that apply. Type of foods served in the school cafeteria Availability of foods in the community Presence of physical education classes at school Laws regulating food labels and taxes on foods for consumption are societal influences. Review each action and select its effect on childhood obesity: Ensure cafeteria allows students larger serving sizes if hungry Limit access to vending machines
Provide a short recess break in the morning Establish a backpack pantry program to send nutritious foods home with children from economically disadvantaged homes May INCREASE obesity May REDUCE obesity May REDUCE obesity May REDUCE obesity What is an example of tertiary prevention for school age children who are diagnosed with obesity? Providing dietary education Primary prevention is activities focused on the prevention of disease. These clients are already diagnosed. Secondary prevention includes screening activities for the disease and tertiary prevention involves managing the disease and preventing progression. In this case, the tertiary prevention would be to provide ongoing dietary education. Removing gym classes is not appropriate, as the clients need exercise. Screening for hyperlipidemia needs to occur now since the disease is present. Measuring body mass index is appropriate, but it needs to be done more often than every two years. Which of the following data points can be evaluated to determine if there is an impact on childhood obesity rates? Select all that apply.
Water aerobics for clients with osteoarthritis Primary Secondary Primary Tertiary Which groups are considered a community? Select all that apply. People who go to the same church People who attend the same college People who live in the same state People who live in the same city People who belong to the same support group A community may be a group of people who have common characteristics, live in the same geographic location, or have relationships with one another. How should the community nurse conduct a windshield survey? Drive or walk through and observe the community To conduct a windshield survey, the nurse drives or walks through and observes a community to gather data about the environment. Other ways to collect data include interviewing key informants such as community health care providers or conducting an open forum with community members.
Leaving a survey on the windshields of cars in the community is not a windshield survey. Place the steps in the order the community health nurse completes them when caring for a community, starting with the first. Define the community Collect assessment data Analyze the assessment data Compose a community interventions Implement community interventions Evaluate the outcomes The nurse is completing a windshield survey. Indicate whether each assessment finding is evidence of social functioning, economic conditions, health resources, environmental conditions, or attitudes toward healthcare. Blood pressure clinic flier posted in a grocery store People who are homeless in parks and older areas of town Population appears diverse in race Two hospitals and several urgent care clinics
What is the best way for a community nurse to assess a community environment? Conduct a windshield survey The community nurse is seeking information about the age and socioeconomic status of the population in a community. Which is the best way for the nurse to obtain the information? Review census data Age, sex, race, ethnicity, income, poverty, and occupation is census data that is readily available and the best source for this information. The local health department would also use the census data when seeking information about their community. Vital statistic data provides information about births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and adoptions from the previous year. A survey could potentially be conducted to collect this data; however, the information is already available in the census data. The community nurse completed an assessment and wrote the following community nursing diagnosis: Risk of ______ among students attending West High School as evidenced by 18% of students with a ________________ obesity body mass index greater than 30
The community health nurse is collaborating with community members to improve the health of the community. A community assessment was conducted, and the data was presented in an open community forum. Four health problems were identified. Which step should be taken next? Prioritize the problems Match the assessment findings with the most reliable data source of secondary data, windshield survey, or key informant interview. The assessment findings could be from more than one data source. Incidence of low-birth-weight deliveries Availability of public transportation Prevalence of diabetes mellitus Playground equipment in need of repair Secondary data Windshield Survey & Key Informant Interview Secondary Data Windshield Survey & Key Informant
