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Public health test bank
One of the primary focuses of improving the health of the American people in the twenty-first century is to address: a. bioterrorism and global health threats. b. delivery of individual care and hygiene. c. the need for increased hospital and acute care. d. chronic disease and disability management. - ✔a. bioterrorism and global health threats. A community is concerned about the threat of bioterrorism. Which of the following best describes the basis for this concern? a. Bioterrorism has the potential to dissolve community-based programs. b. This threat could cause the health care system to collapse. c. The threat of bioterrorism may divert funds from other public safety health care programs. d. Fear of bioterrorism will increase the need for shelters. - ✔c. The threat of bioterrorism may divert funds from other public safety health care programs. Which of the following describes the consequence of the successful implementation of the Affordable Care Act? a. Americans will pay closer attention to their health status. b. The majority of the population will be covered by insurance. c. Public health departments will need to increase the number of nursing positions. d. The prevalence of obesity will decrease. - ✔b. The majority of the population will be covered by insurance.
The public health nurse (PHN) must participate in the essential services of public health. Which of the following most accurately describes one of the essential services of public health? a. Monitoring health status by completing a community assessment b. Diagnosing and investigating health problems in the world c. Informing, educating, and empowering people about health issues d. Working in law enforcement to regulate health and ensure safety - ✔c. Informing, educating, and empowering people about health issues A public health department is using the mission of public health as described by the Institute of Medicine when planning its health programming. Which of the following activities will most likely be implemented? a. Tracking avian flu outbreaks and doing surveillance in the United States b. Providing a flu shot for an elderly person at the health department c. Keeping track of alternative therapies in use in the United States d. Keeping snake antivenom at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta - ✔a. Tracking avian flu outbreaks and doing surveillance in the United States A public health department makes sure that the essential community-oriented health services are available in the community. Which of the following core public health functions is being implemented? a. Policy development b. Assessment c. Assurance d. Scientific knowledge-based care - ✔c. Assurance
- The purpose of public health core functions is to: a. clarify the role of the government in fulfilling the mission of public health. b. ensure the safety of populations in receiving quality health care. c.
A PHN develops and implements local public health policies through partnerships with agencies, organizations, and consumers within the community. Which of the following core public health functions is being used? a. Assessment b. Prevention c. Assurance d. Policy development - ✔d. Policy development A nurse provides for the availability of essential personal health services for people who would otherwise not receive health care. Which of the public health core functions is being used? a. Assessment b. Prevention c. Assurance d. Policy development - ✔c. Assurance The nurse manager makes sure that the staff members who work in a local clinic are competent in their job responsibilities. Which of the public health core functions is being demonstrated? a. Assurance b. Assessment c. Prevention d. Policy development - ✔a. Assurance A nurse performs activities to meet the primary goals of public health. Which of the following is the nurse most likely to complete? a. Ensuring that a newly diagnosed 40-year-old hypertensive man takes his medication b. Finding home care for a 70-year-old client recuperating from a hip replacement c.
Conducting an infant car seat safety check d. Contacting a local hospice to admit a terminally ill 60-year-old woman - ✔c. Conducting an infant car seat safety check A community health nurse collects data about the number and proportion of persons aged 25 or older with less than a high school education. Which of the following best describes this data? a. Sociodemographic characteristics b. Health status data c. Health risk factors d. Health care resource consumption information - ✔a. Sociodemographic characteristics The PHN analyzes data related to the number and type of United States Environmental Protection Agency air quality standards that a community failed to meet. This data is an example of using which community health profile indicator? a. Sociodemographic characteristics b. Health status c. Health risk factor d. Functional status - ✔c. Health risk factor a nurse is implementing quality performance standards in a public health department. Which of the following best describes the importance of this action? a. Quality performance standards are used to guide improvement in the public health system. b. Quality performance standards rigidly control public health. c. Quality performance standards guide administrators to monitor public health at the national level. d. Quality performance standards can be used as hiring guidelines for nurses. - ✔a.
Doctor of Nursing Practice degree - ✔b. baccalaureate degree A PHN has been prepared at the graduate level. Which of the following activities should the practitioner be able to complete? a. Teach public and community health nursing b. Assess and intervene successfully at the aggregate level c. Diagnose and treat disease and have prescriptive authority d. Run for political office as experts in public health policy - ✔b. Assess and intervene successfully at the aggregate level A PHN provides a clinic for HIV-positive citizens in the community. Which of the following best describe this activity? a. Primary prevention b. Health education c. Tertiary prevention d. Policy making - ✔c. Tertiary prevention A nurse is working in the community with an aggregate/population. Who is the nurse most likely to interact with? a. Students in a county school system b. Christians around the world c. A patient in the intensive care unit at the local hospital d. People who drink coffee - ✔a. Students in a county school system
- A population is best defined as a: a. high-risk group. b. those interacting within a school or institutional setting. c. collection of individuals who share at least one common characteristic.
d. geographical location within a community. - ✔c. collection of individuals who share at least one common characteristic. Population-focused practice focuses on defining the problems or needs of and implementing solutions for: a. individuals. b. aggregates. c. communities. d. geographical regions. - ✔b. aggregates. A nurse is using a population focus when providing public health nursing care. Which of the following statements best describes the care that is being provided? a. Priority is given to the highest risk population. b. Direct caregiving is limited to preventive measures, such as administration of immunizations. c. Attention is given to the population or community as a whole, regardless of whether they do or do not access the health care system. d. Only populations outside institutional settings are considered. - ✔c. Attention is given to the population or community as a whole, regardless of whether they do or do not access the health care system. a nurse is working in a community health nursing practice setting. Which of the following is the nurse most likely to implement? a. Administrating a flu shot to a client in a physician's office b. Conducting a flu shot clinic at a community center c. Performing a client assessment in a hospital d. Providing supervision of staff in a rehabilitation center - ✔a. Administrating a flu shot to a client in a physician's office
- Which statement about community health nursing practice is correct? a. It focuses on the delivery of personal health services to individuals and families.
Volunteering for a local community action coalition b. Able to perform interventions with individuals in the community c. Able to improve the effectiveness of care provided d. Considered a PHN specialist - ✔c. Able to improve the effectiveness of care provided PHNs are looking to improve population-focused care in the community. Which of the following best describes a key opportunity for the nurses to accomplish this goal? a. Assuming traditional nursing roles b. Influencing public health policy c. Conducting community assessments d. Specializing in community-based nursing practice - ✔b. Influencing public health policy A local senator has proposed changes to the health care delivery system in the United States. Based on current trends, which of the following is most likely to occur? a. There will be new opportunities provided for public health specialists. b. It will result in isolated care being provided to individuals. c. There will be an increased emphasis in specialty care. d. It will increase the utilization of acute care services. - ✔a. There will be new opportunities provided for public health specialists. Which of the following are considered barriers to public health nursing? a. The mindset that the only role for the nurse is at the bedside b. The structures within which nurses work and the process of role socialization within those structures c. Few nurses receive graduate-level preparation in the concepts and strategies of the disciplines basic to public health d. The steady decline in the number of job opportunities in the area e. The inability to equally distribute the increasing funds -
✔a, b, c
- In the past, population-centered nurses have been called: a. district nurses. b. almshouse nurses. c. soldier nurses. d. sisters. - ✔a. district nurses. A nurse is working in a public health nursing setting. Which of the following best describes why this specialty is appealing to nurses? a. Interactions with wealthy contributors to secure funding b. Autonomy and independence of practice c. Ability to locate the source of diseases and cure patients d. Opportunities to meet a variety of people - ✔b. Autonomy and independence of practice
- Current threats to health in the United States that community health nurses are faced include: a. diphtheria, cholera, and hepatitis. b. HIV, H1N1 influenza, and bioterrorism. c. avian flu, tuberculosis (TB), and radiation. d. polluted water and air. - ✔b. HIV, H1N1 influenza, and bioterrorism.
- A nurse is working to reform a program that was based on the Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601. Which of the following programs is the nurse most likely working on? a. Welfare b. Food Stamps c. Medicaid d. Medicare - ✔c.
establishing the Henry Street Settlement. A nurse is providing public health education based on the teachings of Lillian Wald. Which of the following topics will the nurse most likely discuss? a. Taking and recording blood pressures accurately b. Safe and sanitary baby and child care c. Environmental pollutants and their effects on lung disease d. Time management: balancing factory work and the home - ✔b. Safe and sanitary baby and child care
- Nurses who provided care to people in their homes and provided that care to several people at a time were called _____ nurses. a. private duty b. visiting c. public health d. community health - ✔b. visiting Neighborhood centers that provided health care, education, and social welfare programs were called: a. settlement houses. b. nursing care centers. c. nurse-managed clinics. d. public health services (PHSs). - ✔a. settlement houses.
- A nurse worked in a school setting during the early twentieth century. Which of the following would have been the focus of this nurse's practice? a. Investigating causes of absenteeism b. Teaching school as well as being a nurse c. Promoting nursing as an autonomous practice d.
Providing medical treatment to enable children to return to school - ✔a. Investigating causes of absenteeism
- A nurse is comparing the historical practices of industrial and occupational health nurses. Which of the following would the nurse most likely note when comparing these two occupations? a. Industrial nurses invented new machines to streamline production of medical goods, whereas occupational health nurses provide care to employees. b. Industrial nurses investigated industrial injuries to improve work conditions, whereas occupational health nurses demonstrated proper body mechanics. c. Industrial nurses treated work related-injuries, whereas occupational health nurses care for families in their homes. d. Industrial nurses provided care for workers in their homes, whereas occupational health nurses care for work-related injuries. - ✔d. Industrial nurses provided care for workers in their homes, whereas occupational health nurses care for work-related injuries.
- The document Visiting Nursing in the United States highlighted the fact that: a. nurses were trained by Boards of Education. b. trained nurses adequately covered less-densely populated areas. c. visiting nurse services were concentrated in the northeastern United States. d. nurses were curing diseases such as TB and typhoid fever. - ✔c. visiting nurse services were concentrated in the northeastern United States. During the time when the Rural Nursing Service was operating through the American Red Cross, a nurse needed to demonstrate resourcefulness. Which of the following tasks would the nurse most likely have done? a. Using hot bricks, salt, or sandbags to substitute for hot water bottles b. Testing well water for pollutants c. Teaching school and developing curricula for rural nursing programs d. Providing post-surgical care - ✔a. Using hot bricks, salt, or sandbags to substitute for hot water bottles
- Local health departments were formed in urban areas in the late 1800s to:
- A nurse had the opportunity to work with Mary Breckinridge. Which of the following would the nurse most likely have assisted with? a. Establishing the Henry Street Settlement b. Developing health programs geared toward improving the health care of the rural populations c. Blazing a nursing trail through the Rockies, providing nursing care to miners and their families d. Teaching birth control measures to large numbers of women in the South - ✔b. Developing health programs geared toward improving the health care of the rural populations
- A nurse is providing care to clients through the FNS. Which of the following clients would the nurse most likely have seen? a. An injured soldier b. A homebound, elderly male c. A woman in labor d. A child with measles - ✔c. A woman in labor
- A major provision of the Social Security Act of 1935 was the establishment of:
- A major provision of the Social Security Act of 1935 was the establishment of: a. the FNS to provide nursing service to rural communities. b. state and local community health services and training of personnel. c. district nursing to provide home health care to sick people. d. community-based settlement houses. - ✔b. state and local community health services and training of personnel
- A student is enrolled in a nursing education program during World War II. Which of the following groups would the student most likely have joined? a. The Public Health Service of New York City b. The Marine Nurse Corps c.
The FNS d. The Cadet Nurse Corps - ✔d. The Cadet Nurse Corps Which of the following best describes one of the health trends that occurred in the United States between 1900 and 1955? a. There was a rise in chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. b. There was a rise in communicable disease. c. The crude mortality rate increased dramatically. d. The life span after diagnosis remained the same. - ✔a. There was a rise in chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer.
- In the United States, the majority of health care dollars are spent on: a. prescription drugs. b. hospital care. c. physician services. d. public health services (PHSs). - ✔b. hospital care.
- The number of uninsured Americans has dramatically increased because: a. Medicare took over payment of health care costs. b. with a declining population, the costs for health care rose. c. nursing salaries greatly increased, causing health care costs to rise. d. health insurance coverage was dropped from employment-based health plans. - ✔d. health insurance coverage was dropped from employment-based health plans.
- A nurse is working with a community to decrease the occurrence of influenza. Which of the following U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS; or simply HHS) goals is being applied? a. Strengthen Health Care b. Advance the Health, Safety, and Well-being of the American People
- A nursing program has initiated a recruitment campaign focusing on increasing the minority students in its program. Which of the following best describes the rationale for this program? a. The number of minority versus non-minority nurses should be equal. b. Minority health care professionals who share the same culture with the clients may provide more effective care. c. The profession should be more diverse. d. Minority nurses can mentor other nurses when providing care for diverse populations. - ✔b. Minority health care professionals who share the same culture with the clients may provide more effective care.
- A community health nurse is utilizing telehealth. Which of the following best describes the rationale for its use? a. Enables clients to get nursing care in their homes b. Substitutes for health department delivered care c. Improves access to care in rural areas d. Replaces face-to-face care for those who cannot afford it - ✔c. Improves access to care in rural areas
- One of the goals of the World Health Organization (WHO) is to: a. provide PHC services to everyone. b. prevent outbreaks of disease. c. prevent the transmittal of communicable disease among nations of the world. d. provide humanitarian support in times of disaster. - ✔a. provide PHC services to everyone.
- A public health agency is considering implementing an electronic health record. Which of the following best describes one of the benefits the agency will experience? a. Facilitation of interprofessional care b. Improved client compliance with medical regimens c. Cost savings to the agency
d. Compliance with the Joint Commission of Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) standards - ✔a. Facilitation of interprofessional care
- A nurse interacts with a 25-year-old woman at a community health center who is obtaining a gynecological examination and birth control pills. Which of the following types of care is the client receiving? a. Tertiary health care b. Public health care c. PHC d. Specialized care - ✔c. PHC
- A client is receiving PHC services. Which of the following expectations would the client have? a. The care would be provided by a physician. b. Private insurance would be necessary to receive care. c. The emphasis of care provided would be on prevention. d. A referral would be made to a specialist after receiving services. - ✔c. The emphasis of care provided would be on prevention.
- A nurse who was working in public health care has gotten a new job in primary care. Which of the following differences would be seen by the nurse in this new care setting? a. Focus on individuals b. Services provided by specialists c. Autonomy in the practice setting d. Community focused care is provided - ✔Focus on individuals
- What initiative began as a result of a resolution adopted by the WHO in 1977? a. Declaration of Alma Ata b. Medicare
