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PT 607 Exam 1 with verified detailed
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Examination stage - correct answer ✔ Collecting data about the patient holistically in the first step of the patient management model evaluation stage - correct answer ✔ analysis of findings, generating a problem list, prioritizing, and clinical reasoning PT diagnosis - correct answer ✔ Impact of injury/condition on function prognosis - correct answer ✔ a prediction on the course of care (improvement, number of visits, length of stay, plan of care) intervention - correct answer ✔ the coordination of care which includes communication, PT instruction/education, procedural , restorative, compensatory , and preventative ... compensatory interventions - correct answer ✔ clinical interventions that help a person cope with a disorder whose symptoms are not likely to dissipate (ex: assistive devices) Terms of ICF - correct answer ✔ health condition, body functions and structure, activity, participation, environmental factors, personal factors
Activity limitations (ICF model) - correct answer ✔ difficulties an individual may have in executing activities participation restriction - correct answer ✔ problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations syntheses (6S) - correct answer ✔ systematic review of studies summaries (6S) - correct answer ✔ evidence based clinical practice guidelines systems (6S) - correct answer ✔ evidence-based practice based on accumulation of literature embedded into electronic health record in order to create a specific intervention which is put into action (ex: Risk Falls assessment) 5 steps of evidence based practice - correct answer ✔ 1. Ask the clinical question
- Search for best available evidence
- Critically Appraise for applicability and quality
- integrate the evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences
- Assess the outcomes evidence-based practice - correct answer ✔ best research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values combined PICO question - correct answer ✔ population/patient, intervention, comparison, outcome
Poor+/2+ - correct answer ✔ less than half available ROM against gravity, no resistance Poor/2 - correct answer ✔ Full available ROM, gravity minimized, no resistance Poor-/2- - correct answer ✔ Partial ROM, gravity minimized, no resistance Trace/1 - correct answer ✔ Visible or palpable contraction (No ROM) Zero/0 - correct answer ✔ No muscle contraction can be seen or felt Handheld dynamometry - correct answer ✔ Objective form of strength testing using an instrument to test strength (isometric) Factors affecting MMT reliability/validity - correct answer ✔ MMT is reliably accurate at scores 3 or lower but less accurate above or equal to 4; variable due to muscle, experience/education, patient's motivation or understanding, fatigue; substitutions, submaximal contractions make test - correct answer ✔ an evaluation procedure where a patient is asked to apply a force against the dynamometer: provides resistance throughout test break test - correct answer ✔ physical therapist applies resistance until muscle contraction angle is broken
motor control - correct answer ✔ the process of initiating, directing, and grading purposeful voluntary movement motor learning - correct answer ✔ Integration of motor control processes through practice and experience, leading to a relatively permanent change in the capacity to produce skilled movements. motor development - correct answer ✔ The study of changes in human motor behavior over the lifespan, the processes that underlie these changes, and the factors that affect them task factors - correct answer ✔ stability, mobility, and manipulation individual factors influencing motor control - correct answer ✔ action, cognition, and perception action factors influencing motor control - correct answer ✔ how much force to use, motor output from the nervous system; neural pathways or physical weakness perception - correct answer ✔ sensations to integrate and interpret sensory stimuli cognition - correct answer ✔ attention, motivation, emotions environmental factors influencing motor control - correct answer ✔ regulatory and nonregulatory features, closed vs. open skills
critique of hierarchical theory - correct answer ✔ patients with sensory loss can still movement, response to a particular stimulus would be stereotypical, no explanation on how you acquire movement motor program theory - correct answer ✔ a theory proposing that details of the movement are stored in certain parts of the brain; actions occur from central process where there is no afferent stimulus or impulse (feedforward) limitations of motor program theory - correct answer ✔ storage problems for the nervous system, specific motor commands may lead to different actions depending on position, minimal contributions of musculoskeletal system or environment Dynamical Action (Systems) Theory - correct answer ✔ theory that involves many different postulations: degrees of freedom problem, distributed control, self-organization, non-linear behavior, variability degrees of freedom problem - correct answer ✔ there are potentially an infinite number of motor solutions for acting on an object distributed control - correct answer ✔ integration of all systems cooperatively working together (synergy) self-organization - correct answer ✔ When system of individual parts come together, its elements behave collectively in an ordered way
non-linear behavior - correct answer ✔ the output is not proportional to the input; movement pattern is a function of changing parameters placed on the learner; discrete order parameters as a result variability - correct answer ✔ as actions are learned, it reduces; preferred patterns is necessary ecological theory - correct answer ✔ motor control evolves for organisms to cope with environment; active exploration is important Newell's Constraints Model (1986) - correct answer ✔ movements arise from interactions among organism, environment, and task aerobic activity - correct answer ✔ large muscles move in a rhythmic manner for a sustained period which causes heart rate to increase and breathing to become more labored relative intensity - correct answer ✔ The level of effort required by a person to do an activity is compared with a person's capacity absolute intensity - correct answer ✔ amount of energy expended during activity, without considering the individual's cardiorespiratory fitness or aerobic capacity recommended levels of physical activity - correct answer ✔ preschool: daily children/adolescents: 60 min daily (mod to vig act) adults: 150 to 300 min weekly (mod int) or 75 to 150 min weekly (vig int)
locomotion - correct answer ✔ the ability to move from place to place by generating a complex sequence of muscle activations that are stereotypical, repetitive and adaptable; requirements are coordinated muscle activity, maintenance of posture, and adaptable movement human gait cycle components - correct answer ✔ Stance phase: loading response, mid stance, terminal stance, preswing; swing phase: initial swing, mid swing, terminal swing gait - correct answer ✔ type of locomotion, complex series of joint rotations that produces a smooth progression of the body's center of mass spatial parameters for human gait - correct answer ✔ stride length, step length, step width, foot angle, distance temporal parameters for human gait - correct answer ✔ time to cover a distance, cadence, step time, stride time, stance time Core values - correct answer ✔ Accountability Altruism collaboration Compassion/Caring duty Excellence inclusion Integrity
Social Responsibility vision statement for APTA - correct answer ✔ Transforming society by optimizing movement to improve the human experience consumer centricity - correct answer ✔ patient values and goals will be central to all efforts and the profession embraces cultural competence as necessary to ensure best practice why PT is a profession - correct answer ✔ involves intellectual pursuit, specialized training; adheres to a code of conduct introduced by a governing body
