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Psychophysiological Disorders and Health Psychology - Mind Psychology - Lecture Slides, Slides of Psychology

Its Mind Psychology lecture. ts key points are: Psychophysiological Disorders and Health Psychology, Psychophysiological Disorders, Causes of Death, Historical Developments, Kinds of Influence, General Adaptation Syndrome, Social Readjustment Rating Scale, Experience Scale, Daily Stress and Illness, Social Support

Typology: Slides

2011/2012

Uploaded on 12/21/2012

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Psychophysiological Disorders
and Health Psychology
Ch 8
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Download Psychophysiological Disorders and Health Psychology - Mind Psychology - Lecture Slides and more Slides Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!

Psychophysiological Disorders

and Health Psychology

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Psychophysiological Disorders

  • Psychophysiological Disorders involve genuine

physical disorders

  • Physical symptoms can be caused by or worsened by emotional distress
  • The category recognizes that a broad range of diseases involving the circulatory, respiratory, digestive and central nervous systems can be influenced by stress

Docsity.com^ Ch 8.

 Historical Developments

  • Psychosomatic Medicine
  • Behavioral Medicine

Apply Behavioral Science to the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Medical Problems

Interdisciplinary

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 Historical Developments

  • Psychosomatic Medicine
  • Behavioral Medicine
  • Health Psychology

Study Psychological Factors Important for the Promotion and Maintenance of Heath

Not Interdisciplinary

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How Do Psychological and Social

Factors Influence Medical Illness?

Figure 9.2 Psychosocial factors directly affect physical health

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Definitions of Stress

  • Stress is:
    • An environmental condition that may trigger psychopathology
    • A response to environmental conditions that leads to emotional upset, deteriorating performance or physiological changes
  • Stressors are stimuli
  • Cognitive view of stress places emphasis on the interpretation of external stimuli - Coping refers to how people deal with stress

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Measuring Stress: Social Readjustment

Rating Scale

  • The Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)
    • Rates the stressfulness of various life events.
    • Initial scale development
      • Research participants asked to rate various life experiences for stress impact (marriage = 500)
      • Final version of scale rank orders life events and assigns proportional score to each event.
    • Total score on the scale is correlated with diseases such as heart attack and leukemia

Docsity.com^ Ch 8.

Measuring Stress: Assessment of Daily

Experience Scale

  • Assessment of Daily

Experience (ADE, Stone & Neale, 1982)

  • Respondents record and rate their life experiences during each day
  • Research shows that adverse life events increase prior to an illness

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 What Influences the Stress Response?

  • A Sense of Control
  • Coping Skills
  • Self-Efficacy
  • Health and Wellness Behaviors
  • Social Support
  • Immune System Functioning

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Social Support and Stress

  • Karmarck et al. (1995) studied effect of social support on BP in a laboratory experiment.
  • Stress led to increases in both diastolic and systolic blood pressure but BP increases were greatest when the research participant was alone.
  • The stress had less of an impact on BP when participant was accompanied by a friend.

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Stress and the Immune System

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Psychological Theories of the Stress-

Illness Link

  • Psychoanalytic view holds that specific

conflicts give rise to psychophysiological

disorders

  • Cognitive-Behavioral view proposes that

humans have higher cognitive functions which

can amplify and extend the duration of arousal

of our bodies

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Stress and BP

  • Stressful conditions produce a short-term increase in blood pressure - These increases return to baseline when the stressor is withdrawn
  • Studies of blood pressure done on ambulatory subjects reveal that anger is most strongly linked to elevated bp - The changes were large in a subset of subjects - Reactivity refers to increased bp and heart rate in response to stress

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Coronary Heart Disease

  • Coronary Heart Disease refers to
    • Angina pectoris: periodic chest pains
      • Reduced oxygen supply to heart
    • Myocardial infarction: heart attack
      • Brought on by a cutoff of oxygen to the heart muscle
      • Risk factors for MI include age, gender (males), elevated blood pressure, elevated cholesterol, obesity, physical inactivity, excessive use of alcohol and diabetes

Docsity.com^ Ch 8.