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- psychometrics - scales of measurement - process of test construction - item analysis
Typology: Study notes
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An objective resource for identifying and measuring qualities in individuals in order to make informed decisions Features – Measures aspects of mental functions, abilities, preferences Derived from rigorous, scientific and statistical methods Objective and standardized Behavioural characteristics measured Describes behaviour categorically/numerically Measures differences across people or across time in the same individual Purpose – Classification – belonging to specific category Self-understanding – source of information Program evaluation – effectiveness of particular program/intervention Scientific enquiry Comparison Diagnostic assessments What can be measured? – Ability Aptitude Personality Motivation Emotional intelligence Attitude Characteristics of a good test – Objectivity Practicability Reliability Validity Norms Classification of tests – Administrative conditions – individual, group Scoring – objective, subjective Time limit in producing response – speed test, power test Nature of items – verbal, non-verbal, performance, non-language Purpose or objective – intelligence, aptitude, personality, neuropsychological test, achievement
Put items in present tense Avoid ambiguous statements Use short statements not exceeding 20 words Universals (always, all, none, never) should be avoided Indefinite qualifiers (only, few, merely) should be avoided Simple statements, not complex statements Avoid use of negatives Be sensitive to cultural and ethnic differences Correct answer option should not be the longest answer
Computation and examination of any statistical property of an item response distribution Item parameters fall into 3 categories/indices –
0.40 Very good items 0.30 – 0.39 Reasonably good but subject to improvement 0.20 – 0.29 Marginal items, need improvement <0.19 Poor items, rejected or revised