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Psychology 101: Personality Latest 2024
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Personality ✔✔the complex of all the attributes--behavioral, temperamental, emotional and mental--that characterize a unique individual
Psychosexual Development ✔✔the process during which personality and sexual behavior mature through a series of stages: first oral stage and then anal stage and then phallic stage and then latency stage and finally genital stage
Psychoanalytic Theory ✔✔A theory developed by Freud that attempts to explain personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of behavior
Oral Stage ✔✔the first sexual and social stage of an infant's development
Anal Stage ✔✔the second sexual and social stage of a child's development during which bowel control is learned
Phallic Stage ✔✔the third stage in a child's development when awareness of and manipulation of the genitals is supposed to be a primary source of pleasure
Latency Stage ✔✔the fourth period (from about age 5 or 6 until puberty) during which sexual interests are supposed to be sublimated into other activities
Genital Stage ✔✔the fifth sexual and social stage in a person's development occurring during adolescence
Oedipal Complex ✔✔boys love their mothers romantically and want want to get rid of their fathers
Electra Complex ✔✔girls love their fathers romantically and want to get rid of their mothers
Id ✔✔primitive instincts and energies underlying all psychic activity
Ego ✔✔your consciousness of your own identity
Superego ✔✔the part of personality that, according to Freud, represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment (the conscience) and for future aspirations, morality
Displacement ✔✔a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one, taking out frustration on family
Sublimation ✔✔modifying the natural expression of an impulse or instinct (especially a sexual one) to one that is socially acceptable, venting frustration through sports
Denial ✔✔a defense mechanism that denies painful thoughts
Eysenk's Traits ✔✔introversion, extroversion, emotional stability, & neuroticism
Openness to experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism ✔✔Big 5 Personality Traits (OCEAN)
Myers-Briggs ✔✔personality test with scaling of four different pairs: introvert extrovert, sensing intuitive, thinking feeling, judging perceiving
Humanistic Theory of Personality ✔✔Focus on how a person's personality can be optimal; humans naturally interested in realizing full potential; people are inherently good
Abraham Maslow ✔✔humanistic psychology; hierarchy of needs-needs at a lower level dominate an individual's motivation as long as they are unsatisfied; self-actualization, transcendence
Carl Rogers ✔✔humanistic psychology; Contributions: founded client-centered therapy, theory that emphasizes the unique quality of humans especially their freedom and potential for personal growth, unconditional positive regard,
Individualism ✔✔a belief in the importance of the individual and the virtue of self-reliance and personal independence
Collectivism ✔✔Putting group goals ahead of personal goals and defining one's identity in terms of the groups one belongs to.
Acculturation ✔✔the adoption of the behavior patterns of the surrounding culture
Rorschach Inkblot Test ✔✔the most widely used projective test, a set of 10 inkblots, designed by Hermann Rorschach; seeks to identify people's inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots
