Download PSYC 271 - FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS. and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
PSYC 271 - FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
in a biopsychology experiment, there is only one systematic difference between the experimental conditions. this difference is manipulated by the experimenter and is called the: a) between-subject variable b) confounded variable c) within-subject variable d) dependent variable e) independent variable - answer e) which of the following is an example of a species-specific behaviour? a) detect and interpret sensory signals b) playing the guitar c) feed, drink, and sleep d) learning and behavioural change e) reproductive behaviour - answer b) class-common behaviours are: a) behaviours performed by all humans b) behaviours performed by rats and humans c) behaviours performed by all members of a class of animals d) the only behaviours of interest to biopsychologists e) a, b, and c are all correct f) all of the above are correct - answer e)
which sub-discipline of biopsychology is identified with the measurement of heart rate? a) psychopharmacology b) psychophysiology c) neuropsychology d) physiological psychology e) experimental psychology - answer b) thiamine-deficient rats display: a) memory deficits b) brain damage c) excessive thirst d) anxiety e) both a) and b) - answer e) the differences between the brains of humans and those of related species are more ______ than ______ a) superficial ; real b) pronounced ; once thought c) quantitative ; qualitative d) qualitative ; quantitative - answer c) which behavioural test is used to measure anxiety in rats? a) the elevated plus maze b) the water maze c) the Y maze d) the elevated A maze e) none of the above - answer a)
e) both c) and d) - answer e) tony is testing the effectiveness of a new drug to improve the lives of people with PTSD. what type of research is this? a) correlational research b) pure research c) case-study research d) applied research e) beneficial research - answer d) which of the following abilities lies at the core of human behaviour? a) abstract thought b) planning c) reasoning d) emotional responsiveness e) complex movement - answer e) the main difference between human brains and the brains of their mammalian relatives is that human brains tend to be bigger and: a) whiter b) all gray c) have more cortex d) have two hemispheres e) both c) and d) - answer c)
the corpus callosum is a: a) neural pathway that connects the left and right hemispheres b) large medical dictionary c) part of the neocortex d) membership directory of the Society for Neuroscience e) source of hypothalamic hormones - answer a) which of the following two factors produce similar effects on neuron structure? a) stress and environmental enrichment b) social housing and stress c) stress and impoverished housing d) exercise and impoverished housing e) none of the above - answer c) the direction towards the back of your head is: a) inferior b) posterior c) anterior d) dorsal e) ventral - answer b)
e) from the CNS - answer d) the two genes, one on each chromosome of a pair, that control the same trait are called: a) alleles b) genotypes c) phenotypes d) gametes e) dominants - answer a) a cross-section of the spinal cord gray matter revels four arms; among these are the two: a) ventral horns b) ventral routes c) lateral horns d) lateral routes e) ventral roots - answer a) applying stimulation the occipital lobe/visual cortex during Braille reading in blind individuals will: a) has no effect on reading performance b) enhance reading performance c) interfere with reading performance
d) improve visual perception e) cause participants to learn Braille at a faster rate - answer c) convergent evolution produces structures that are: a) convergent b) analogous c) homologous d) both a) and c) e) both b) and c) - answer b) synaptic vesicles tend to be most prevalent in the: a) nodes of Ranvier b) button c) postsynaptic membranes d) dendrites e) nucleus - answer b) the sensitive period for the development of a particular trait is the period: a) of sexual receptivity b) during which a particular experience must occur to have a major effect on the development of the trait
b) tracts c) multipolar d) bipolar e) sensory - answer e) the Golgi stain allows scientists to visualize: a) the cell body (soma) b) only dendritic spines c) only axons d) an entire neuron e) every single neuron in the brain simultaneously - answer d) identical is to fraternal as: a) two is to one b) dizygotic is to monozygotic c) monozygotic is to dizygotic d) polyzygotic is to monozygotic e) culture is to experience - answer c) Mendel's early experiments challenged the central premise upon which previous ideas about inheritance had rested. this was the premise that:
a) there are two genes for each trait b) there is only one gene for each trait c) some traits are dominant and some are recessive d) white seeds are dominant e) offspring can only inherit those traits that are displayed by their parents - answer e) each strand of DNA is a sequence of ______ bases a) protein b) thymine c) deoxyribonucleic d) codons e) nucleotides - answer e) what mechanism can explain the transmission of specific behavioural responses to threatening objects or situations experienced by the parents to their own offspring? a) trans-genetics b) epigenetics c) genetics d) quasi-genetics e) genomics - answer b) the CNS is composed of two major divisions: the ______ and ______
a) glial cells b) oligoaxonocytes c) astrocytes d) Schwann cells e) microglia - answer d) in a famous experiment that led to the discovery of chemical neurotransmission, what was done to a frogs heart? a) it was connected to the vagus nerve of another frog's heart b) it was isolated (detached) from the vagus nerve c) it was placed in a bath of dilute palytoxin d) it was detached from the excitatory branch of its vagus nerve - answer b) Aricept is a drug commonly used to treat the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Aricept improves memory by preventing the enzymatic breakdown of a neurotransmitter that is less abundant in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. which neurotransmitter system does Aricept primarily alter? a) dopamine b) glutamate c) acetylcholine d) GABA - answer c)
the neuromodulator estradiol is synthesized in a number of brain regions. Dr. Soutar presented evidence for aromatase (estrogen synthase) expression in the adult rat brain. in what brain region did she detect aromatase expression? a) amygdala b) hippocampus c) neocortex d) auditory thalamus - answer c) which of the following techniques can be used to study membrane currents that underlie action potentials? a) electroencephalography b) single unit recording c) positron emission tomography d) functional magnetic resonance imaging - answer b) schizophrenia is associated with excessive levels of dopamine in the brain. schizophrenia is often treated with medications that selectively antagonize dopamine receptors. which of the following would be the most likely side effect of such medications? a) depression b) mania c) pseudoparkinsonism d) pseudodementia - answer c)
potassium flows out of the neuron during an action potential. potassium efflux is associated with which phase of the action potential? a) depolarization b) repolarization c) hyperpolarization d) both b) and c) - answer d) given the tendency of sodium ions to flow into the cell, which of the following is true about the concentration gradient for sodium at rest? a) the intracellular sodium concentration is greater than the extracellular concentration b) the extracellular sodium concentration is greater than the intracellular concentration c) the intracellular and extracellular sodium concentrations are equal d) both a) and c) may be true - answer b) a drug receptor that binds to and activates a receptor is called a _____ for that receptor a) antagonist b) partial agonist c) agonist d) competitive antagonist - answer c) which of the following points about neurotransmitters is false?
a) they are synthesized within the postsynaptic site b) they are stored within vesicles prior to release c) they act on receptors to excite or inhibit nearby postsynaptic neurons d) they are released into the synaptic cleft upon presynpatic neuron activation - answer a) which of the following is true of gap junctions (electrical synapses)? a) gap junctions allow for electrical transmission within neurons b) large molecule neurotransmitters can pass through gap junctions c) gap junctions are larger than synapses d) gap junctions allow for electrical transmission between neurons - answer d) while recording from a hippocampal neuron, you see that an electrical event has occurred that changed the membrane potential from -65mV to -70mV. this event was an ______ and the membrane become ______ a) EPSP ; hyperpolarized b) IPSP ; depolarized c) IPSP ; hyperpolarized d) EPSP ; depolarized - answer c) the sodium-potassium pump moves
a) ionotropic receptor b) metabotropic receptor c) voltage-gated ion channel d) ligand-gated ion channel - answer b) depression is commonly treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). which of the following drugs would likely exacerbate the symptoms of depression? a) a drug that increases serotonin release from presynaptic neurons b) a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor c) a serotonin receptor antagonist d) a serotonin receptor agonist - answer c) the retina-geniculate-striate system is organized a) from left to right b) retinotopically c) ipsilaerally d) on the basis of wave length e) from top to bottom - answer b) the most widely used test of short-term memory is the a) digit span test
b) WAIS c) Wisconsin card sorting test d) token test e) sodium amytal test - answer a) functional MRI generates images of increases to areas of the brain of a) alpha waves b) water flow c) nitric oxide flow d) oxygenated blood flow e) fluorodeoxyglucose - answer d) the case of D.F. provides strong support for Goodale and Milner's theory of the functions of the dorsal and ventral streams a) could respond accurately to things that she did not consciously see b) has bilateral damage to her ventral prestriate area c) has bilateral damage to her posterior parietal cortex d) both a) and b) e) both a) and c) - answer d) at least two parallel channels of communication flow through each lateral geniculate nucleus. one runs through the ______ layers and a second runs through the ______ layers
