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PSY 260 Topic 6 Exam 3 - Onground, Assignments of Psychology

Grand Canyon University (GCU)Psychology

PSY 260 Topic 6 Exam 3 - Onground

Typology: Assignments

2023/2024

Available from 11/17/2024

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Introduction to Psychological Research and
Ethics
Psychology 260
EXAM #3
1.A study finds a correlation coefficient of r=.32. According to Cohen’s benchmarks, the
magnitude of this effect is:
a. Moderate
b. Large
c. Multiply determined
d. Categorical
2. When examining an association claim using a bar graph, an association is indicated by which
of the following?
a. A difference in the height between the bars
b. The number of bars in the graph
c. The number of observations that make each bar
d. The direction of the bars
3. Which of the following tells you that an association claim is being made?
a. The graph used to interpret the results
b. The fact that the two variables are measured
c. The statistic used to interpret the results
d. The validities that can be established
4. In which of the following cases might a small effect still be important?
a. When the sample is very large
b. When the study has life-or-death implications
c. When the finding is also statistically significant
d. When external validity is high
5. Statistical significance depends on which of the following?
a. Sample size and number of variables analyzed
b. Direction of the association and strength of the association
c. Sample size and effect size
d. Number of outliers and direction of the association
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Ethics

Psychology 260

EXAM

1.A study finds a correlation coefficient of r=.32. According to Cohen’s benchmarks, the magnitude of this effect is: a. Moderate b. Large c. Multiply determined d. Categorical

  1. When examining an association claim using a bar graph, an association is indicated by which of the following? a. A difference in the height between the bars b. The number of bars in the graph c. The number of observations that make each bar d. The direction of the bars
  2. Which of the following tells you that an association claim is being made? a. The graph used to interpret the results b. The fact that the two variables are measured c. The statistic used to interpret the results d. The validities that can be established
  3. In which of the following cases might a small effect still be important? a. When the sample is very large b. When the study has life-or-death implications c. When the finding is also statistically significant d. When external validity is high
  4. Statistical significance depends on which of the following? a. Sample size and number of variables analyzed b. Direction of the association and strength of the association c. Sample size and effect size d. Number of outliers and direction of the association

Ethics

Psychology 260

EXAM

  1. Martin has found a correlation of r=.18 between the two variables of caffeine consumption and frontal lobe activity. This correlation is more likely to be statistically significant if: a. The study can be applied to the real world b. Martin used a larger number of subjects c. Martin measured frontal lobe activity extremely accurately d. Martin’s measure of caffeine consumption is categorical
  2. Martin has found a correlation of r=.18 between the two variables of caffeine consumption and frontal lobe activity. This correlation is more likely to be statistically significant if: a. The way the sample was selected from the population b. The size of the sample c. The number of subgroups d. The size of the original population
  3. Which of the following is NOT a question you should ask about the statistical validity of an association claim? a. What is the effect size? b. Are there subgroups? c. Is random assignment affecting the findings? d. Could outliers be affecting the relationship?
  4. Which of the following is true of moderators? a. They help establish a cause and effect relationship. b. They decrease effect size. c. They can inform external validity. d. They weaken statistical significance.
  5. Which of the following studies is an example of a longitudinal design? a. Dr. Jonason’s study in which he measured job satisfaction in a group of Chinese factory workers and in a group of American factory workers. b. Dr. Stabler’s study in which he measured teenagers’ experiences with bullying in sixth grade and their aggressive tendencies in 12th grade. c. Dr. Benson’s study in which she measured people’s spatial manipulation ability in August and measured their ability again in May after they had taken two semesters of art classes. d. Dr. Tutola’s study in which he measured men’s ability to judge distances and compared those to women’s abilities in the same area.

Ethics

Psychology 260

EXAM

RESEARCH STUDY 9.

Dr. Uchida is a clinical psychologist who is curious about how people deal with natural disasters (e.g., hurricanes, tornados, earthquakes). His previous research suggests that there is a relationship between how much people feel their emotional well-being was affected by the natural disaster and their likelihood of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. However, he is curious as to whether the effect of emotional well-being goes through another variable, that of social support. He conducts a study in which he asks 174 men and women affected by the 2011 tsunami in Japan to report on how their well-being was affected by the tsunami, the social support felt after the storm, and the number of PTSD symptoms. Dr. Uchida finds support for his proposed relationship. However, in examining his data more closely, he finds that the relationship between emotional well-being and PTSD symptoms is stronger for men than for women. Refer to Research Study 9.3 to answer the following two questions.

  1. Which of the following is the mediating variable in Dr. Uchida’s hypothesis? a. Emotional well-being b. PTSD symptoms c. Social support d. Participant sex
  2. Dr. Uchida’s finding that the relationship between emotional well-being and PTSD symptoms is stronger for men than for women suggests which of the following? a. Participant sex is a moderating variable. b. Emotional well-being is a mediating variable. c. Dr. Uchida’s study was conducted incorrectly. d. Dr. Uchida’s study was conducted unethically.
  3. When determining mediation, how many steps are necessary? a. Two b. Three c. Four d. Five

Ethics

Psychology 260

EXAM

  1. Which of the following is NOT true of control variables? a. They help define the control group. b. They help establish internal validity. c. They are essential in experimental designs. d. They are kept the same for all participants. OBJ: Learning Objective 4 MSC: Remembering
  2. Experiments use random assignment to avoid which of the following? a. Random selection b. Selection effects c. Carryover effects d. Demand characteristics
  3. An independent-groups design is also known as a. a. Between-subjects design b. Matched-groups design c. Within-groups design d. Mixed design
  4. Which of the following research designs is used to address possible selection effects? a. Posttest-only designs b. Matched-groups designs c. Pretest/posttest designs d. Correlational designs
  5. Which of the following is a threat to internal validity found in within-groups designs but not in independent-groups designs? a. Selection effects b. Design confounds c. Demand characteristics d. Practice effects