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Waves and Optics: Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Physics Fundamentals

Definitions for various terms related to waves and optics, including wave energy, refraction, diffraction, doppler effect, interference, longitudinal and transverse waves, sound, temperature, protons, neutrons, electrons, isotopes, radiation, magnetic fields, motors, generators, and colors.

Typology: Quizzes

Pre 2010

Uploaded on 11/17/2009

marisarose90
marisarose90 🇺🇸

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TERM 1
Reflection
DEFINITION 1
wave energy bounces off a medium. ex. water lapping
against a shore; sound echo, bats and dolphins use for
locating objects; light, glare on a whindshield or off road,
image in a mirror or still water, fiber optics
TERM 2
Refraction
DEFINITION 2
wave bends when it enters a different medium because wave
changes speed in new medium. ex. water wave front bends
when wave hits shallows; light, prism separates visible
colors; raindrops make rainbows; objects appear closer, and
lenses
TERM 3
Diffraction
DEFINITION 3
wave front bends around edge of obstacle in path because
wave energy spreads out in all directions ex. water waves
lapping against a pier; echo, sound can be heard somewhat
even if not in direct line of door opening; light, edges of
shadows are never completely dark, light coming through a
small pinhole or light appears larger than actual opening
TERM 4
Doppler
DEFINITION 4
frequency of the wave increases upon approach and
frequency decreased upon departure because the wave
source and/or observer is in motion ex. water, boat wakes;
sound, frequency changes when cars approach; light, blue
shift/ red shift of light used to determine relative motion of
stars and galaxies
TERM 5
Interference
DEFINITION 5
amplitude of wave changes and can become much larger or
diminish to zero because waves from two different sources interact
constructively and/or destructively w hen the wave collides ex.
water wave heights at beach vary if waves are generated by two
different sets; sound, some rooms can have poor acoustics with
dead spots, devices to reduce noise u se destructive interference
concept; light, patterns such as oil slic k, patterns in double slit
experiments
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Reflection

wave energy bounces off a medium. ex. water lapping

against a shore; sound echo, bats and dolphins use for

locating objects; light, glare on a whindshield or off road,

image in a mirror or still water, fiber optics

TERM 2

Refraction

DEFINITION 2

wave bends when it enters a different medium because wave

changes speed in new medium. ex. water wave front bends

when wave hits shallows; light, prism separates visible

colors; raindrops make rainbows; objects appear closer, and

lenses

TERM 3

Diffraction

DEFINITION 3

wave front bends around edge of obstacle in path because

wave energy spreads out in all directions ex. water waves

lapping against a pier; echo, sound can be heard somewhat

even if not in direct line of door opening; light, edges of

shadows are never completely dark, light coming through a

small pinhole or light appears larger than actual opening

TERM 4

Doppler

DEFINITION 4

frequency of the wave increases upon approach and

frequency decreased upon departure because the wave

source and/or observer is in motion ex. water, boat wakes;

sound, frequency changes when cars approach; light, blue

shift/ red shift of light used to determine relative motion of

stars and galaxies

TERM 5

Interference

DEFINITION 5

amplitude of wave changes and can become much larger or

diminish to zero because waves from two different sources interact

constructively and/or destructively when the wave collides ex.

water wave heights at beach vary if waves are generated by two

different sets; sound, some rooms can have poor acoustics with

dead spots, devices to reduce noise use destructive interference

concept; light, patterns such as oil slick, patterns in double slit

experiments

The source of all wave motion

is...

vibration

TERM 7

Only one that can travel in a

vacuum...

DEFINITION 7

Light

TERM 8

Frequency

DEFINITION 8

how many waves per second (1/period) measured in Hz.

TERM 9

Period

DEFINITION 9

inverse of frequency, how long it takes for one wave to pass,

measured in time (seconds)

TERM 10

Wave Speed

DEFINITION 10

Frequency X Wavelength

Neutrons

No charge; in nucleous- determines mass

TERM 17

Electrons

DEFINITION 17

Negative charge; outside nucleus- determines size

TERM 18

Isotopes

DEFINITION 18

different number of neutrons and same number of protons

and electrons

TERM 19

Top Number

DEFINITION 19

Mass number (can change to be whatever)

TERM 20

Bottom Number

DEFINITION 20

Atomic number

Three forms of Radiation

Alpha. Beta, and Gamma

TERM 22

Alpha

DEFINITION 22

consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together into

a particle identical to a helium nucleus can go through paper

TERM 23

Beta

DEFINITION 23

a type of radioactive decay in which a beta particle (an

electron or a positron) is emitted. can go through aluminum

TERM 24

Gamma

DEFINITION 24

can go though lead...and almost everything

TERM 25

A strong magnetic field

DEFINITION 25

two electrons spinning in the same direction

Reflected

light

The colors you see

TERM 32

Absorbed

light

DEFINITION 32

The colors you don't see

TERM 33

White

DEFINITION 33

all colors being reflected

TERM 34

Black

DEFINITION 34

all colors being absorbed