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TERM 1
Proteobacteria
DEFINITION 1 the proteobacteria, which include most of the gram-negative, chemoheterotrophic bacteria, are presumed to have arisen from a common photosynthetic ancestor. Few are now photosynthetic TERM 2
Pelagibacter
DEFINITION 2 Pelagibacter ubique, discovered by the FISH technique in the ocean, is one of the most abundant microorganism on earth. it is exceptionally small and has a minimal genome TERM 3
Azospirillum
DEFINITION 3 Azospirillum is a soil bacterium that gouws in close association with roots, especially of tropical grasses. they use excreted nutrients and aid plant growth by fixation of atmospheric nitrogen TERM 4
Acetobacter and Gluconobacter
DEFINITION 4 the genera Acetobacter and Gluconobacter are industrially important aerobic bacteria that convert ethanol into acetic acid (vinegar) TERM 5
Rickettsia
DEFINITION 5 Rickettsias are gram-negative, obligately intracellular parasites, , frequently pathogenic; responsible for diseases known as the spotted fever group. - epidemic typhus caused by Rickettsia prowazekii - endemic murine typhus caused by Rickettsia typhi - Rocky Mountain spotted fever caused by Rickettsia rickettsii
TERM 6
Ehrlichia
DEFINITION 6 The ehrlichiae are gram-negative, rickettsialike bacteria that live obligately within white blood cells. they cause the tickborne disease ehrlichiosis TERM 7
Caulobacter and Hyphomicrobium
DEFINITION 7 Both Caulobacter and Hyphomicrobium produce prominent prosthecae, a term applied to protrusions such as stalks or buds. Caulobacteria are found in aquatic environments such as lakes. they feature stalks that anchor them to surfaces, which increases their nutrient uptake in these low nutrient environments. Caulobacter reproduction results in one stalked cell and one flagellated swarmer cell, which eventually becomes another stalked cell. Hyphomicrobium bacteria, which divide by budding, increase in size until separating into new cells, and are found in low nutrient waters. TERM 8
Rhizobium, Bradyhizobium, and
Agrobacterium
DEFINITION 8 the genera Rhizobium and Bradyhizobium infect roots of leguminous plants such as peas, beans, or clover. This causes formation of nodules, within which these rhizobia symbiotically fix nitrogen for the plant. Agrobacterium tumefaciens also infects plants. It introduces bacterial DNA in a plasmid that results in a disease called crown gall. This bacterium's plasmid is also used in genetic engineering of plants to introduce foreign DNA TERM 9
Bartonella
DEFINITION 9 the genus Bartonella
