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Proctored Exam For Clinically Oriented Anatomy 2019-2024 Chapter 3- Pelvis and Perineum 1. Which of the below is most likely pertaining to the two pelves depicted above? A) The one on the left is male and the one on the right is female. B) The one on the right is male and the one on the left is female. Cc) The one on the left is from a younger person than the one on the right. D) The one on the right is from a younger person than the one on the left. E) The one on the right shows arthritic degeneration at the sacroiliac joint. Ans: A Which of the below is incorrect pertaining to the bony pelvis? A) The pelvic girdle is composed of the right and left hip bones and the sacrum. B) In infants and children the hip bone is composed of three separate bones—the ilium, ischiun C) The ala of the ilium helps to form the acetabulum. D) The ischial spine separates the greater and lesser sciatic foramina. E) The pelvic brim separates the greater (false) and lesser (true) pelves. Ans: c 3. The sacrotuberous ligament: A) passes through the greater sciatic notch. B) attaches to the ala of the sacrum. C) resists posterosuperior rotation of the sacrum (inferior aspect moving posteriorly and su D) passes through the obturator foramen. E) prevents posterior dislocation of the femoral head. Ans: Cc 4. In examining a newly pregnant woman, you notice that the spinous process of the L5 vertebra is abnor compared to the spinous processes of the superior lumbar vertebrae. You suspect: A) a fracture of the body of L5. B) spondylolisthesis. C) a vertebral canal tumor. D) spina bifida. E) kyphosis. Which of the below is incorrect pertaining to the pelvis during pregnancy? A) The true (conjugate) distance between the sacral promontory and the posterosuperior aspec symphysis increases. B) The hormone, relaxin, relaxes the pelvic ligaments. Cc) The transverse diameter of the pelvis is increased. D) The amount of pelvic rotation permitted around the sacrum is increased. E) The coccyx is permitted to move more posteriorly. Ans: A Which of the below is incorrect pertaining to the pelvic diaphragm? A) It separates the pelvic cavity from the perineum. B) It is pierced by the vagina in females. C) It helps maintain urinary continence. D) It helps maintain fecal continence. E) It is synonymous with the levator ani. Ans: E In the below AP pelvic radiograph, the arrow indicates: A) the sacrotuberous ligament. B) the ischial spine. Cc) the ischial tuberosity. SE: B) It provides support to the uterus. Cc) It attaches to the lateral wall of the pelvic cavity. D) It provides an attachment for the levator ani. E) It may be used to hold sutures during pelvic surgery. Ans: D 11. Which of the below is incorrect pertaining to the sacral plexus? A) It is located on the posterolateral wall of the lesser pelvis. B) It is related to the anterior surface of the piriformis muscle. C) It is joined by the lumbosacral trunk. D) It may be compressed during parturition, resulting in lower limb pain. E) Most of its branches exit the pelvis through the lesser sciatic foramen. Ans: E 12. The hypogastric plexuses: A) convey vagal fibers to the pelvic viscera. B) convey pelvic splanchnic fibers to pelvic viscera. Cc) convey sympathetic fibers to pelvic viscera. D) receive white communicating rami from the sacral spinal nerves. E) comprise the pelvic part of the sympathetic trunk. Ans: Cc 13. Which of the below is incorrect pertaining to pelvic parasympathetic innervation? A) It derives from spinal segments S2-4. 16. The uterine artery: E) Postnatally, has both patent and occluded parts. 19. Which of the below is not typically a tributary of the internal iliac vein? A) superior rectal vein B) veins from the vesical pelvic plexus C) internal pudendal vein D) uterine vein E) superior gluteal vein Ans: A 20. Pelvic lymph drainage: A) is associated with six primary groups of well-defined lymph nodes. B) is defined by well-developed flow patterns that permit prediction of the spread of metastatic ca organ to another. Cc) includes vessels that drain the testis. D) is characterized by terminal efferent vessels that pass the lymph to lumbar (caval/aortic E) rigidly follows venous drainage patterns. Ans: D 21. The ureters: A) pass straight through the bladder wall (in a horizontal plane). B) are accompanied throughout their length by arteries and veins derived from the renal Cc) have afferent fibers that typically refer pain to the lower abdomen, especially the inguin D) cross anterior to the ductus deferens. E) are intraperitoneal. 23. Which of the below is incorrect pertaining to the bladder? A) A cystocele may result from injuries associated with parturition. B) Withdrawal of urine from the bladder requires the needle to enter the peritoneal ca\ Cc) Rupture of the superior part of the bladder is usually associated with extravasation (passage) peritoneal cavity. D) The interior of the bladder may be viewed with a cystoscope. E) A complete spinal cord transaction superior to the second sacral segment would eliminate volu micturition. Ans: B D) bladder. E) rectum. Ans: Cc 25. The female urethra: A) is more difficult to catheterize than the male urethra. B) opens into the vestibule of the vagina. C) has cilia that very effectively prevent bacteria from entering the bladder. D) begins with a distinct sphincter in the bladder, the internal urethral sphincter. E) has a distinct posterior ridge termed the urethral crest. Ans: B 27. The ductus deferens: A) is typically ligated during a vasectomy as it exits the superficial inguinal ring. B) terminates by uniting with the duct of the seminal glands to form the ejaculatory du B) digital examination of the vagina—pulsations of uterine artery C) urethrovaginal fistula—continuous dribbling of urine from the vagina D) culdocentesis—drainage of a pelvic abscess via posterior vaginal fornix E) rectovaginal fistula—discharge of fecal matter from the vagina Ans: Cc 31. The vaginal fornix: A) surrounds the vaginal part of the cervix. B) contains the ovaries. C) is part of the broad ligament. D) is the inferior part of the rectouterine pouch. E) is the recess between the external urethral and vagina orifices. A 33. Softening of the isthmus of the uterus (Hegar sign) is associated with: round ligament of the uterus
