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The quantitative study of the distribution of mental disorders in human populations is called which of the following? A. Mortality B. Prevalence C.Epidemiology D.Clinical epidemiology - Solution C.Epidemiology Which statement best describes the DSM-5? A.It is a medical psychiatric assessment system. B.It is a compendium of treatment modalities. C.It offers a complete list of nursing diagnoses. D.It suggests common interventions for mental disorders. - Solution A.It is a medical psychiatric assessment system. Current information suggests that the most disabling mental disorders are the result of which of the following? A.Biological influences B.Psychological trauma C.Learned ways of behaving D.Faulty patterns of early nurturance - Solution A.Biological influences A nurse's identification badge includes the term, Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse. A patient with a history of paranoia asks,
"What does that title mean?" The nurse responds best by answering with which of the following? A."Don't be afraid; it means I'm here to help, not hurt, you." B."Psychiatric mental health nurses care for people with mental illnesses." C."We have the specialized skills needed to care for people with mental illnesses." D."The nurses who work in mental health facilities have that title." - Solution C."We have the specialized skills needed to care for people with mental illnesses." Which statement about diagnosis of a mental disorder is true? A.The symptoms of each disorder are common among all cultures. B.Culture may cause variations in symptoms for each clinical disorder. C.All mental disorders listed in the DSM-5 are seen in all cultures. D.Psychiatric diagnoses are listed separately from other physical disorders in a five-axes system. - Solution B.Culture may cause variations in symptoms for each clinical disorder. The prevalence rate over a 12-month period for major depressive disorder is which of the following? A.Lower than the prevalence rate for panic disorder B.Greater than the prevalence rate for social phobia C.Equal to the prevalence rate for schizophrenia D.Greater than the prevalence rate for generalized anxiety - Solution D.Greater than the prevalence rate for generalized anxiety Which of the following severe mental illnesses are recognized across cultures?
B.Fear enables constructive action; anxiety is dysfunctional. C.Fear is a psychological experience; anxiety is a physiological experience. D.Fear is a response to a specific danger; anxiety is a response to an unknown danger. - Solution D.Fear is a response to a specific danger; anxiety is a response to an unknown danger. Which of the following is the initial nursing action for a newly admitted anxious patient? A.Assess the patient's use of defence mechanisms B.Assess the patient's level of anxiety C.Limit environmental stimuli D.Provide antianxiety medication - Solution B.Assess the patient's level of anxiety Selective inattention is first noted when experiencing which level of anxiety? A.Mild B.Moderate C.Severe D.Panic - Solution B.Moderate Delusionary thinking is a characteristic of which of the following? A.Chronic anxiety B.Acute anxiety C.Severe anxiety D.Panic level anxiety - Solution D.Panic level anxiety
Which of the following is generally true about ego defence mechanisms? A.They often involve some degree of self-deception. B.They are rarely used by mentally healthy people. C.They seldom make the person more comfortable. D.They are usually effective in resolving conflicts. - Solution A.They often involve some degree of self-deception. A 20-year-old man was sexually molested at age 10, but he can no longer remember the incident. Which ego defence mechanism is in use? A.Projection B.Repression C.Displacement D.Reaction formation - Solution B.Repression The defence mechanisms that can be used in only healthy ways include which of the following? A.Suppression and humour B.Altruism and sublimation C.Idealization and splitting D.Reaction formation and denial - Solution B.Altruism and sublimation Which behaviour would be characteristic of an individual who is displacing anger? A.Lying B.Stealing
Studies of patients diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder suggest that the stress response of which of the following is considered abnormal? A. Brain Stem B. Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal system C. Frontal Lobe D. Limbic system - Solution B. Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal system An obsession is defined as which of the following? A.Thinking of an action and immediately taking the action. B.A recurrent, persistent thought or impulse. C.An intense irrational fear of an object or situation. D.A recurrent behaviour performed in the same manner. - Solution B.A recurrent, persistent thought or impulse. Which of the following is a symptom commonly associated with panic attacks? A.Obsessions B.Apathy C.Fever D.Fear of impending doom - Solution D.Fear of impending doom Working to help the patient view an occurrence in a more positive light is called which of the following? A.Flooding B.Desensitization C.Response prevention
D.Cognitive restructuring - Solution D.Cognitive restructuring Which of the following is the primary purpose of performing a physical examination before beginning treatment for any anxiety disorder? A.Protect the nurse legally B.Establish the nursing diagnosis of priority C.Obtain information about the patient's psychosocial background D.Determine whether the anxiety is primary or secondary in origin - Solution D.Determine whether the anxiety is primary or secondary in origin Which of the following is an important question to ask during the assessment of a patient diagnosed with anxiety disorder? A."How often do you hear voices?" B."Have you ever considered suicide?" C."How long has your memory been bad?" D."Do your thoughts always seem jumbled?" - Solution B."Have you ever considered suicide?" Which of the following is a possible outcome criterion for a patient diagnosed with anxiety disorder? A.Patient demonstrates effective coping strategies B.Patient reports reduced hallucinations C.Patient reports feelings of tension and fatigue D.Patient demonstrates persistent avoidance behaviours - Solution A.Patient demonstrates effective coping strategies Inability to leave one's home because of avoidance of severe anxiety suggests which of the following anxiety disorders? A.Panic attacks with agoraphobia
B.Serotonin circuit dysfunction C.Negative processing of information D.A belief that one has no control over outcomes - Solution C.Negative processing of information When the clinician mentions that a patient has anhedonia, what can the nurse expect about the patient? A.The patient has poor retention of recent events. B.The patient experienced a weight loss from anorexia. C.The patient obtains no pleasure from previously enjoyed activities. D.The patient has difficulty with tasks requiring fine motor skills. - Solution C.The patient obtains no pleasure from previously enjoyed activities. Assessment of the thought processes of a patient diagnosed with depression is most likely to reveal which of the following? A.Good memory and concentration B.Delusions of persecution C.Self-deprecatory ideation Correct D.Sexual preoccupation - Solution C.Self-deprecatory ideation Correct A patient who has been assessed by the nurse as moderately depressed is given a prescription for daily doses of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. The patient mentions that she will take the medication along with the St. John's wort she uses daily. Which of the following should the nurse do? A.Agree that taking the drugs at the same time will help her remember them daily. B.Caution the patient to drink several glasses of water daily.
C.Suggest that the patient also use a sun lamp daily. D.Explain the high possibility of an adverse reaction. - Solution D.Explain the high possibility of an adverse reaction. The nursing diagnosis of Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements has been identified for a patient diagnosed with severe depression. The most reliable evaluation of outcomes will be based on which of the following? A.The patient's energy level B.The patient's weekly weights C.The patient's observed eating patterns D.The patient's statement of appetite - Solution B.The patient's weekly weights It is likely that a patient diagnosed with seasonal affective disorder will begin to experience fewer symptoms in which season? A.Fall B.Winter C.Spring D.Summer - Solution C.Spring A depressed patient is noted to pace most of the time, pull at her clothes, and wring her hands. These behaviours are consistent with which of the following? A.Senile dementia B.Hypertensive crisis C.Psychomotor agitation D.Central serotonin syndrome - Solution C.Psychomotor agitation
D.Grandiosity - Solution D.Grandiosity Which behaviour would be most characteristic of a patient during a manic episode? A.Going rapidly from one activity to another B.Taking frequent rest periods and naps during the day C.Being unwilling to leave home to see other people D.Watching others intently and talking little - Solution A.Going rapidly from one activity to another The nurse can expect a patient demonstrating typical manic behaviour to be attired in which of the following types of clothing? A.Dark coloured and modest B.Colourful and outlandish C.Compulsively neat and clean D.Ill-fitted and ragged - Solution B.Colourful and outlandish Which of the following outcomes for a manic patient during the acute phase would indicate that the treatment plan was successful? A.The patient reports racing thoughts. B.The patient is free of injury. C.The patient is highly distractible. D.The patient ignores food and fluid. - Solution B.The patient is free of injury. When a patient experiences four or more mood episodes in a 12-month period, the patient is said to be which of the following? A.Dyssynchronous
B.Incongruent C.Cyclothymic D.Rapid cycling - Solution D.Rapid cycling Which room placement would be best for a patient experiencing a manic episode? A.A shared room with a patient with dementia B.A single room near the unit activities area C.A single room near the nurses' station D.A shared room away from the unit entrance - Solution C.A single room near the nurses' station When a hyperactive manic patient expresses the intent to strike another patient, the initial nursing intervention would be to do which of the following? A.Question the patient's motive B.Set verbal limits C.Initiate physical confrontation D.Prepare the patient for seclusion - Solution B.Set verbal limits When a patient reports that lithium causes an upset stomach, the nurse suggests taking the medication in which of the following ways? A.With meals B.With an antacid C.30 minutes before meals D.2 hours after meals - Solution A.With meals
D.Stress related and ineffective stress management skills - Solution A.A combination of inherited and non-genetic factors Which symptom would NOT be assessed as a positive symptom of schizophrenia? A.Delusion of persecution B.Auditory hallucinations C.Affective flattening D.Idea of reference - Solution C.Affective flattening When a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia hears voices saying that he is a horrible human being, what can the nurse correctly assume about the hallucination? A.It is a projection of the patient's own feelings. B.It derives from neuronal impulse misfiring. C.It is a retained memory fragment. D.It may signal seizure onset. - Solution A.It is a projection of the patient's own feelings. Which adverse effect of antipsychotic medication is generally nonreversible? A.Anticholinergic effects B.Pseudoparkinsonism C.Dystonic reaction D.Tardive dyskinesia - Solution D.Tardive dyskinesia The patient with bulimia differs from the patient with anorexia nervosa in which of the following ways?
A.By maintaining a normal weight B.By holding a distorted body image C.By doing more rigorous exercising D.By purging to keep weight down - Solution A.By maintaining a normal weight Which of the following is a subjective symptom the nurse would expect to note during assessment of a patient with anorexia nervosa? A.Lanugo B.Hypotension C.25-lb weight loss D.Fear of gaining weight - Solution D.Fear of gaining weight During assessment of a patient with anorexia nervosa, which of the following indications is it unlikely that the nurse would note? A.Introversion B.Social isolation C.High self-esteem D.Obsessive-compulsive tendencies - Solution C.High self-esteem Biological theorists suggest that the cause of eating disorders may be which of the following? A.Normal weight phobia B.Body image disturbance C.Serotonin imbalance D.Dopamine excess - Solution C.Serotonin imbalance
C.An elevated serum potassium level D.An elevated serum sodium level - Solution B.A disruption of the fluid and electrolyte balance A patient has been hospitalized with anorexia nervosa. The patient's weight is 65% of normal. For this patient, a realistic short-term goal for the first week of hospitalization would be that by the end of week 1, the patient will do which of the following? A.Gain a maximum of 1.5 kg/week B.Develop a pattern of normal eating behaviour C.Discuss fears and feelings about gaining weight D.Verbalize awareness of the sensation of hunger - Solution A.Gain a maximum of 1.5 kg/week Bupropion (Wellbutrin), although seemingly effective, is contraindicated in patients who purge because of which of the following? A.Historically poor patient compliance B.An increased risk of seizures C.The long-term effects on liver function D.The potential to cause gastric ulcers - Solution B.An increased risk of seizures Which problem is NOT considered a causative agent in delirium? A.Elevated blood urea nitrogen levels B.Infection C.Anticholinergic drugs D.Antibiotic therapy - Solution D.Antibiotic therapy
The term perceptual disturbance refers to difficulty with which of the following? A.Processing information about one's internal and external environment B.Changing one's way of thinking to accommodate new information C.Performing purposeful motor movements D.Formulating words appropriately - Solution A.Processing information about one's internal and external environment Which event would a patient with stage 4 Alzheimer's disease have greatest difficulty remembering? A.His or her high school graduation B.The births of his or her children C.The story of a teenage escapade D.What he or she ate for breakfast - Solution D.What he or she ate for breakfast When a delirious patient insists that a vacuum hose is a large, poisonous snake, the nurse recognizes which of the following? A.The patient is hallucinating. B.The patient is experiencing an illusion. C.The patient is hypervigilant. D.The patient is demonstrating agnosia. - Solution B.The patient is experiencing an illusion. A patient with delirium strikes out at a staff member. The nurse can most correctly hypothesize that this behaviour is related to which of the following? A.Anger
