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Practice Questions for Exam 3 | General Biology | BI 101, Exams of Biology

Material Type: Exam; Class: GENERAL BIOLOGY; Subject: Biological Sciences; University: Montgomery College; Term: Unknown 1989;

Typology: Exams

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BI 101, Prof. Baack, Practice questions for lecture exam #3.
Cell Cycle: Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction, Patterns of Inheritance, Genes and Proteins, Animal Development
NOTE: These questions are for practice purposes and are not all inclusive with respect to material covered.
1. Homologous chromosomes
a) always carry identical variants of genes d) are a set of chromosomes that the cell received from one parent
b) were formed when they separated during anaphase e) do not include the sex chromosomes
c) carry the same gene sequence
2. An organism has 26 chromosomes in its non-gamete cells. How many chromosomes will three of its eggs have?
a) 13 b) 39 c) 78 d) 26
3. An organism has 18 chromosomes in its gamete. How many chromosomes would there be in one non-gametic cell?
a) 18 b) 9 c) 36 d) 27 e) 54
4. How many chromatids does each chromosome have just prior to (before) replication?
a) none b) one c) two d) four e) three
5. In what process and stage do homologous chromosomes separate?
a) anaphase of mitosis b) prophase of mitosis c) anaphase II of meiosis d) prophase I of meiosis e) anaphase I of meiosis
6. Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I?
a) Half of the chromosomes inherited from the mother and half of the chromosomes inherited from the father go to one pole of the cell.
b) All chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole of the cell; all chromosomes inherited from the father go to the other pole.
c) Homologous chromosomes separate and migrate to opposite poles; which homologue goes to which pole is random.
d) Sister chromatids separate; those inherited from the mother migrate to one pole, those inherited from the father go to the other pole.
7. Anaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II, ____________, and in mitotic anaphase _____________.
a) tetrads do not form; tetrads form
b) crossing over occurs; crossing over does not occur
c) the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate; the cells are diploid and homologous pairs separate
d) chromosomes line up double file on the midline of the cell; chromosomes line up single file on the midline of the cell
e) the cells are haploid; the cells are diploid
8. Which of the following produces recombinant chromosomes?
a) fertilization b) non-disjunction c) crossing over d) replication
9. How much genetic material is present in a cell during prophase I as compared to a cell that has completed meiosis II?
a) four times as much b) ¼ as much c) twice as much d) the same amount e) ½ as much
10. How does prophase I differ from prophase II?
a) During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells.
b) During prophase I chromatin condenses, chromatin does not condense during prophase II.
c) During prophase I the nuclear envelope breaks up; during prophase II the nuclear membrane remains intact.
d) During prophase I chromosomes line up single file on at the equator; during prophase II the chromosomes line up in double file.
e) Crossing over does NOT occur during prophase I; crossing over DOES occur during prophase II.
11. What are alleles?
a) alternate phenotypes c) homologous chromosomes
b) environmental factors that affect gene expression d) alternate forms of a gene
12. A pure-breeding plant with yellow seeds is crossed with a pure-breeding plant with green seeds; all of the offspring have yellow seeds, why?
a) the yellow allele is recessive to the green allele c) all of the offspring are homozygous yellow
b) the alleles are codominant d) the yellow allele is dominant to the green allele
13. A pure-breeding plant with yellow seeds is crossed with a pure-breeding plant with green seeds to produce F1 plants with yellow seeds. What
is the expected phenotypic ratio of seed color of the offspring of a F1 x F1 cross?
a) 3:1 b) 9:3:3:1 c) 1:1 d) 1:2:1 e) 2:1
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BI 101, Prof. Baack, Practice questions for lecture exam #3.

Cell Cycle: Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction, Patterns of Inheritance, Genes and Proteins, Animal Development NOTE: These questions are for practice purposes and are not all inclusive with respect to material covered.

  1. Homologous chromosomes a) always carry identical variants of genes d) are a set of chromosomes that the cell received from one parent b) were formed when they separated during anaphase e) do not include the sex chromosomes c) carry the same gene sequence
  2. An organism has 26 chromosomes in its non-gamete cells. How many chromosomes will three of its eggs have? a) 13 b) 39 c) 78 d) 26
  3. An organism has 18 chromosomes in its gamete. How many chromosomes would there be in one non-gametic cell? a) 18 b) 9 c) 36 d) 27 e) 54
  4. How many chromatids does each chromosome have just prior to (before) replication? a) none b) one c) two d) four e) three
  5. In what process and stage do homologous chromosomes separate? a) anaphase of mitosis b) prophase of mitosis c) anaphase II of meiosis d) prophase I of meiosis e) anaphase I of meiosis
  6. Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I? a) Half of the chromosomes inherited from the mother and half of the chromosomes inherited from the father go to one pole of the cell. b) All chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole of the cell; all chromosomes inherited from the father go to the other pole. c) Homologous chromosomes separate and migrate to opposite poles; which homologue goes to which pole is random. d) Sister chromatids separate; those inherited from the mother migrate to one pole, those inherited from the father go to the other pole.
  7. Anaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II, ____________, and in mitotic anaphase _____________. a) tetrads do not form; tetrads form b) crossing over occurs; crossing over does not occur c) the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate; the cells are diploid and homologous pairs separate d) chromosomes line up double file on the midline of the cell; chromosomes line up single file on the midline of the cell e) the cells are haploid; the cells are diploid
  8. Which of the following produces recombinant chromosomes? a) fertilization b) non-disjunction c) crossing over d) replication
  9. How much genetic material is present in a cell during prophase I as compared to a cell that has completed meiosis II? a) four times as much b) ¼ as much c) twice as much d) the same amount e) ½ as much
  10. How does prophase I differ from prophase II? a) During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells. b) During prophase I chromatin condenses, chromatin does not condense during prophase II. c) During prophase I the nuclear envelope breaks up; during prophase II the nuclear membrane remains intact. d) During prophase I chromosomes line up single file on at the equator; during prophase II the chromosomes line up in double file. e) Crossing over does NOT occur during prophase I; crossing over DOES occur during prophase II.
  11. What are alleles? a) alternate phenotypes c) homologous chromosomes b) environmental factors that affect gene expression d) alternate forms of a gene
  12. A pure-breeding plant with yellow seeds is crossed with a pure-breeding plant with green seeds; all of the offspring have yellow seeds, why? a) the yellow allele is recessive to the green allele c) all of the offspring are homozygous yellow b) the alleles are codominant d) the yellow allele is dominant to the green allele
  13. A pure-breeding plant with yellow seeds is crossed with a pure-breeding plant with green seeds to produce F1 plants with yellow seeds. What is the expected phenotypic ratio of seed color of the offspring of a F1 x F1 cross? a) 3:1 b) 9:3:3:1 c) 1:1 d) 1:2:1 e) 2:
  1. Attached earlobes are recessive to free earlobes. What genotypic ratio is expected when an individual with attached earlobes mates with an individual heterozygous for free earlobes? a) 9:3:3:1 b) 2:1 c) 1:1 d) 1:2:1 e) 3:
  2. Attached earlobes are recessive to free earlobes. What phenotypic ratio is expected when an individual with attached earlobes mates with an individual heterozygous for free earlobes? a) 3:1 b) 9:3:3:1 c) 1:1 d) 1:2:1 e) 2:
  3. According to Mendel’s law of segregation: a) more gametes carry the dominant allele than the recessive allele d) gametes are diploid b) homologous chromosomes move to the same gamete e) gametes have one copy of each allele for a gene c) each pair of alleles segregate into gametes independently of pairs of alleles
  4. An individual who is homozygous: a) carries two of the same allele for a gene c) always expresses the dominant b) carries two different alleles for a gene d) always expresses the recessive
  5. Which of these crosses will only produce heterozygous offspring? a) Aa x aa b) AA x aa c) aa x aa d) AA x Aa e) Aa x Aa
  6. An individual with the genotype AaBb produces four different gametes in equal proportions. This is a demonstration of a) Mendel’s Law of Segregation c) Crossing over b) Mendel’s Principle of Independent Assortment d) Incomplete dominance
  7. In pea plants, round seed shape (R) is dominant over wrinkled seed shape (r). Yellow seed color(Y) is dominant over green seed color (y). What is the genotype of an individual with round green seeds? a) Ry c) Rryy e) the full genotype cannot be determined from the information given b) RRYY d) RRyy
  8. Red-green color blindness is X-linked recessive. How can a man with normal color vision father a daughter who is red-green color blind? a) the man is heterozygous for red-green color blindness b) the woman with whom he mates is red-green color blind c) while he has normal color vision, the man is actually homozygous for red-green color blindness d) the man’s mother carries an allele for red-green color blindness, and the expression of the trait skipped a generation e) he cannot (unless there is a mutation)
  9. Hypophosphatemia (vitamin D-resistant rickets) is inherited as an X-linked dominant. What is the expected outcome of a cross between a homozygous recessive woman and a man with hypophosphatemia? a) 50% of their daughters and 50% of their sons exhibit hypophosphatemia b) all if their daughters and none of their sons exhibit hypophosphatemia c) 75% of their offspring exhibit hypophosphatemia d) 25% of their offspring exhibit hypophosphatemia e) all of their sons and none of their daughters exhibit hypophosphatemia
  10. What is the key to recognizing incomplete dominance? a) the phenotype of the heterozygote falls between the phenotypes of the homozygotes b) the dominant allele is not always expressed c) the alleles affect more than one trait d) the heterozygote expresses the phenotypes of both homozygotes
  11. A woman with type A blood and a man with type O blood a) can only produce children with type O blood d) both must be homozygous for blood type b) can only produce children with type A blood e) cannot produce children with type AB blood c) both must be heterozygous for blood type
  12. What is the key to recognizing codominance? a) the heterozygote expreses the phenotypes of both homozygotes b) the alleles affect more than one trait c) the phenotype of the heterozygote falls between the phenotypes of the homozygotes d) the dominant allele is always expressed
  1. The main benefit of sexual reproduction is a) organisms do not need to find mates c) it is easy because there are no gametes involved b) it produces offspring identical to the parents d) it results in genetic variability among individuals
  2. The stage of development in which the organism goes through extensive changes in body shape and size is a) early cleavage b) blastula c) late cleavage d) metamorphosis
  3. What is the order of germ layers from outermost to innermost? a) mesoderm, ectoderm, endoderm c) ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm b) endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm d) ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm
  4. What type of development is characterized by young developing within an egg inside of the mother? a) oviparous b) ovoviviparous c) viviparous

ANSWER KEY

1) C

2) B

3) C

4) B

5) E

6) C

7) E

8) C

9) A

10) A

11) D

12) D

13) A

14) C

15) C

16) E

17) A

18) B

19) B

20) E

21) E

22) B

23) A

24) E

25) A

26) D

27) A

28) C

29) C

30) A

31) D

32) B

33) E

34) D

35) D

  1. a) 1. Lysine (Lys) 2. Serine (Ser) 3. Stop 4. Glycine (Gly) 5. Phenylalanine (Phe) b) Arginine (Arg)—Leucine (Leu)—Threonine (Thr)—Glycine (Gly)—Serine (Ser)
  2. B
  3. C
  4. A
  5. B
  6. C
  7. D
  8. D
  9. C
  10. B