Practical Examination 1 on Anatomy and Physiology II | BIO 204, Exams of Biology

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BIO 204

Laboratory Supplement

Fall 2008

Practical Exam # You are responsible for correctly identifying and spelling the structures listed below. You will be tested on the information in ADAM packet #1, laboratory models, laboratory pictures and histology slides.

Histology Slides RBC, platelets, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, artery & vein

ADAM and Heart Models Heart Apex, Base & Pericardial sac Right and left atria, R, L ventricles, apex & base of heart Mitral, aortic, tricuspid and pulmonic valves Ligamentum arteriosum, fossa ovalis, coronary sulcus, coronary sinus Chordae tendinae (tendineae), papillary muscles Interventricular septum, trabeculae carneae

Blood Vessels Aorta (ascending, aortic arch, thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta) Pulmonary trunk & R,L Pulmonary arteries (what type of blood moved and from where to where?) Right and left coronary arteries (RCA, LCA), circumflex, LAD (anterior interventricular), & marginal arteries Brachiocephalic, R,L common carotid, & R,L subclavian arteries Great cardiac vein, coronary sinus Pulmonary veins (what type of blood moved and from where to where?) Superior/Inferior vena cava, R, L Brachiocephalic veins

Other Diaphragm Thymus gland, trachea, larynx, esophagus Lungs, oblique & transverse fissures, parietal pleura Liver Vagus & phrenic nerves Lymph nodes

5. Next, scroll deeper to layer 168. In addition to the previous structures, also identify the vagus and phrenic nerves (don’t worry about naming the specific branches but note the location of the entire nerve). Note the pericardial sac.

(layer 168 ADAM Anatomy)

Answer the following questions. 3.) The vagus nerve is cranial nerve number. 4.) What neurotransmitter is released by the vagus nerve? 5.) What effect does that neurotransmitter have on heart rate? 6.) What structure is innervated by the phrenic nerve?

6. Continue on to layer 171 to view the heart with the pericardial sac removed. Identify the following structures.
   • R, L lung • diaphragm • L common carotid artery
   • right atrium • right ventricle • left ventricle
   • pulmonary trunk • left pulmonary artery • R,L brachiocephalic veins
   • aortic arch • brachiocephalic artery • pericardial sac (cut)
   • L & R subclavian art. • trachea • superior vena cava
   • apex • RCA • marginal artery
   • LAD • great cardiac vein • vagus nerve

(layer 171 ADAM Anatomy)

9. Next go the File on the menu and drag to open or open content. Click on Atlas Anatomy. Select Region and pick Thorax , for System use Cardiovascular and select Anterior for View and Image Type choose Illustration. Then choose Heart & Great Vessels. Identify the following structures in this view. - right atrium • right ventricle • left ventricle - pulmonary trunk • left pulmonary artery • apex - aortic arch • brachiocephalic artery - L. subclavian art. • L common carotid artery - superior vena cava • inferior vena cava - R,L brachiocephalic veins • R coronary artery - marginal artery • R,L pulmonary veins - ligamentum arteriosum

(atlas anatomy, cardiovascular system, thorax, heart and great vessels, anterior)

Answer the following questions. 12.) What is the ligamentum arteriosum (from fetal circulation)?

13.) The superior vena cava collects/drains blood from?

10. Next return to File on the menu and select open or open content. Select Region and pick Thorax , for System use Cardiovascular and select Posterior for View and Image Type choose Illustration. Then choose Heart & Great Vessels. Identify the following structures in this view.
    • right atrium • R,L ventricles
    • R,L left pulmonary arteries • apex
    • brachiocephalic artery • aortic arch
    • L. subclavian art. • L common carotid artery
    • superior vena cava • inferior vena cava
    • R,L brachiocephalic veins • circumflex artery
    • great cardiac vein • coronary sinus

(atlas anatomy, thorax, heart and great vessels, posterior view)

Answer the following questions. 14.) List the 3 structures that drain deoxygenated blood into the right atrium: 1.) 2.) & 3.)

Practical Exam #2 (ADAM Packet 2, Lab Models, & Lab Pictures) You are responsible for correctly identifying and spelling the structures and area supplied listed below.

ARTERIES/VEINS AREA SUPPLIED Aorta (ascending, aortic arch, Entire body thoracic aorta & abdominal aorta) List the 3 arteries that arise from aortic arch:

Pulmonary artery/vein Heart/lungs (know which is which)

Superior/Inferior Vena Cava Heart from above/below heart

Right/Left Subclavian (both) Shoulder, costal, & cervical regions

Brachiocephalic (both) List the 2 branches of this artery:

Right/Left Common Carotid Arteries Neck muscles, trachea

Facial Artery/Common Facial Vein Face

Superficial Temporal Artery (both) Temporal region of head

Occipital Artery (both) Occipital region of head

External and Internal Jugular Veins External: Head (scalp & face) (note internal jugular vein leaves via Internal: Brain/Cerebrum the jugular foramen)

Dural sinuses (superior/inferior sagittal, Drain blood from the brain into internal sigmoid, cavernous) jugular veins

External and Internal Carotid Arteries External: head (scalp & face) Internal carotid branches into Internal: major artery supplying brain anterior cerebral: frontal/parietal lobes *middle cerebral: cerebral hemispheres/temporal lobes & mesencephalon

Vertebral Artery (enter at foramen magnum) Spinal cord, 2nd^ major artery supplying brain follows medulla oblongata to form basilar artery

Basilar Artery Cerebellum, pons and middle ear Basilar splits into posterior cerebral and posterior communicating arteries

Circle of Willis (cerebral arterial circle) Allows blood from internal carotid and vertebral arteries to supply smaller -Anterior/posterior communicating cerebral arteries -Anterior/posterior cerebral -Middle cerebral

Axillary (both) Trunk & shoulder muscles

Superficial Veins: Cephalic Vein Basilic Vein Median Cubital Vein

Brachial (both) Anterior flexor muscles of the arm

Radial (both) Lateral muscles of forearm & wrist

Ulnar (both) Medial aspect of forearm and wrist

Palmar Arches (both) Palm of hand

Celiac Trunk 1-splenic artery/vein: spleen 2-left gastric (both): stomach 3-common (proper) hepatic branches form a. R,L hepatic artery/vein -liver b. right gastric artery-stomach c. cystic artery - gallbladder

Hepatic Portal Vein Collects blood from inferior/superior mesenteric veins & splenic veins and transports to liver for processing

Superior Mesenteric (both) Small intestine & proximal half of large intestine

Suprarenal (both) Adrenal glands (above kidneys)

Renal (both) Kidneys

Gonadal (ovarian & testicular) Ovaries/Testes

Inferior Mesenteric Artery Distal half of large intestine

Common Iliac (both) Lower abdominal wall, pelvic organs

External Iliac (both) Anterior abdominal wall & lower limbs

Internal Iliac (both) Pelvic viscera: rectum, uterus/vagina & adductor muscles

Femoral (both) branches: Main artery in thigh Deep Femoral (both) which Hip joint & deep muscles of thigh continues to form (Lateral)Femoral Circumflex (both) Head & neck of femur, hamstring & quadriceps muscles

Anterior & Posterior Tibial Arteries Lower leg

Dorsal(is) Pedis Artery Foot

Great Saphenous Vein Largest vein in body – superficial vein drains superficial veins of lower limb

BIO 104 ADAM Dissection - Packet 2 Name: Arteries and Veins

Refer to this packet while you complete the ADAM computer dissection. Make sure you answer all questions asked and identify all structures listed. Once you have identified a structure in one view you should be able to recognize it thereafter (even if its not in the list). You may have to scroll up/down in ADAM to view & identify the muscles listed if you do not see them in the photo provided in the packet.

1. Open ADAM Interactive Anatomy program.
2. Go to File on the menu and drag to open or open content. Select Region and pick Head & Neck , for System use Cardiovascular and select Lateral for View and Image Type choose Illustration. Then choose Arteries of Head and Neck. Identify the following structures in this view. - R common carotid artery • R external carotid artery - R internal carotid artery • R subclavian artery - R vertebral artery • R facial artery - Occipital artery • Superficial temporal artery

3. Return to File on the menu and drag to open or open content. Select Region and pick Head & Neck , for System use Cardiovascular and select Lateral for View and Image Type choose Illustration. Then choose Deep Arteries of Head. Identify the following structures in this view. ( Note how the vertebral artery supplies the basilar artery and observe the internal carotid splitting to form the anterior and middle cerebral arteries).
   • Facial artery • Basilar artery
   • Anterior cerebral artery • Middle cerebral artery
   • Internal carotid artery • Posterior cerebral artery
   • Vertebral artery

Answer the following questions.

1. The vertebral artery travels through the of cervical vertebrae and passes through the to get to the medulla oblongata.

5. Return to File on the menu and drag to open or open content. Select Region and pick Head & Neck , for System use Cardiovascular and select Lateral for View and Image Type choose Illustration. Then choose Veins of Head. Identify the following structures in this view.
   • R internal jugular vein • R external jugular vein
   • R brachiocephalic vein • R subclavian vein
   • R vertebral vein • R common facial vein
   • Superior/Inferior sagittal sinuses
   • Occipital Vein • Superficial Temporal Vein

6. Return to File on the menu and drag to open or open content. Select Region and pick Head & Neck , for System use Cardiovascular and select Lateral for View and Image Type choose Illustration. Then choose Deep Veins of Head. Identify the following structures in this view.
   • R internal jugular vein • R external jugular vein
   • R brachiocephalic vein • R subclavian vein
   • R vertebral vein • R common facial vein
   • Superior/Inferior sagittal sinuses
   • Sigmoid sinus • Cavernous sinus

(atlas anatomy, cardiovascular system; deep veins of head – lateral view)

Answer the following questions.

5. The internal jugular vein drains blood from the?.

8. Return to File on the menu and drag to open or open content. Select Region and pick Upper Limb , for System use Cardiovascular and select Anterior for View and Image Type choose Illustration. Then choose Arteries of Upper Limb. Identify the following structures in this view.
   • R subclavian artery • R axillary artery • R brachial artery
   • R radial artery • R ulnar artery

(atlas anatomy, cardiovascular system; arteries of the upper limb (ant)

Answer the following questions.

8. Trace the flow of blood from the left ventricle to the lateral side of the R wrist: Aorta to the to the , to the next into the to the to the lateral side of wrist.
9. What structures are supplied by the axillary artery? .

9. Return to File on the menu and drag to open or open content. Select Region and pick Upper Limb , for System use Cardiovascular and select Anterior for View and Image Type choose Illustration. Then choose Deep Veins of Upper Limb. Identify the following structures in this view.
   • R subclavian vein • R axillary vein
   • R external jugular vein • R internal jugular vein
   • R brachial vein • R cephalic vein
   • R basilica vein • R ulnar vein
   • R radial vein

(atlas anatomy, cardiovascular system; deep veins of the upper limb (ant)

Answer the following questions.

10. Trace the flow of blood from the R medial wrist back to the right atrium of the heart. Blood flows from the ulnar vein to the into the into the into the vein then into the and into the right atrium.