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This lecture series is from Electrical Engineering courses. A collection of lectures on all the important topics in EE. These slides covers points such as: Power Generating Station, Advantages of Electrical Energy, Natural Sources of Energy, Water, Fuel, Gaseous Fuels, Reservoir, Surge Tank, Water Turbines, Steam Power Station, Calorific Value of Fuels, Nuclear Power Station
Typology: Slides
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Introduction
-^
Advantages
of
Electrical
energy
Natural
Sources
of
Energy
Water
Fuels
Nuclear
energy
Sun
Wind
Sea
Waves
Tides
Biomass
Electricity plays very important role in ourdaily
life.
All
our
activities
are
directly
or
indirectly
related
to
electricity.
Electricity
come in India in 1897 at Darjeeling. In Delhithe
first
electricity
generating
plant
was
established on 1905 for public.
-^
We know the demand of electricity keeps onincreasing as the dependence of man
kind
increasing day by day.
The electrical energy is generated at far awayplaces and consumed by different consumersin cities, towns and villages. When the energyis^
transmitted
and
distributed
to
various
consumers
there
is^
loss
of
energy
called
transmission losses.
-^
In fact, in India, a large portion of these lossesis due to theft of electrical energy.
electrical gadgets do not produce any smoke,dust etc.
associated
with
smoke,
fumes
or
other
harmful gases. So it can be used safely fordomestic and industrial purposes.
control and operation is very simple.
Energy
waves
etc.
In India, one of the major hydro electric power
project is Bhakra Nangal Project. The dam iserected across the river Sutlej and a lakecalled Gobind Sagar is created behind it. Thisproject has two power houses :The
capacity
of
left
bank
is^
and
capacity of right bank is 660 MW and overallcapacity is 1200 MW.
The
energy
flow
diagram
is
as
under:
Potential
or^
Kinetic
Energy
of^
water
Mechanical
Energy
Electrical
Energy
The main solid fuel is coal, which is available in
nature in huge quantity. By the combustion ofcoal in the boiler, heat energy is produced whichis utilized to convert water into steam. Thissteam is used to run the turbines, to whichgenerator is coupled. Thus electrical energy isgenerated. This type of energy generation isvery popular in India.Heat
energy
of Coal
Potential
or
Kinetic
energy of^ steam
Mechanical^ Energy
Electrical^ Energy
The main liquid fuel is diesel. The diesel is injected
into the piston cylinder of diesel engine, whereburning of diesel take place which developsmechanical energy. A generator is coupled todiesel engine and this mechanical energy isconverted into electrical energy. The runningcost of these systems is very high.
Heat
energy
of diesel
Mechanical
Energy
Electrical
Energy
The heavy substance whose nucleus can be broken
into fragments is called nuclear fuel. The onlysubstance found in nature which fissions and iscapable of propagating nuclear chain reaction isUranium.
By
fission
of
nuclear
of
Uranium,
binding energy is released in the form of heatenergy, which is used for conversion of waterinto steam. Steam is used to run turbines, and acoupled
generator
produces
electrical
energy.
The operating cost is very low, however limitedavailability of material and high initial cost arethe main drawbacks.
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Kinetic
energy
of wind
Mechanical
energy
Electrical
energy
Considerable energy is possessed by the waves of
ocean
in
the
form
of
potential
energy.
The
amount of energy depends upon the amplitudeand pitch of waves. In india, a wheel is kept in boxand placed at the bottom of a ship. Dependingupon the amplitude of wave the ship tilts in anydirection , wheel starts rotating and a generator iscoupled which gives electrical energy. In this case,the generated electrical energy is very small anduse for charging the batteries.
potential
energy of^ tides
Mechanical
energy
Electrical
energy