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Potential Energy Diagrams for Chemical Reactions, Lecture notes of Physics

Instructions on how to create and interpret potential energy diagrams for chemical reactions. It includes examples of endothermic and exothermic reactions, as well as diagrams for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and an example reaction. The document also covers the concepts of activation energy and δh (total energy change), and the effect of catalysts on potential energy diagrams.

What you will learn

  • What is the activation energy of a forward reaction, and how does it affect the reaction pathway?
  • What is the potential energy of the products in a given chemical reaction?
  • What is the potential energy of the reactants in a given chemical reaction?

Typology: Lecture notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

marphy
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PotentialEnergyDiagrams2018.notebook
1
April25,2018
Mar41:54PM
PotentialEnergyDiagrams
Aim: To analyze the change in PE for a
reaction.
Mar46:48PM
EnergychangesandDiagrams
Every chemical reaction will either
absorb or release
energy.
A potential energy diagram shows
the change in energy
during a reaction.
Heat of Reaction, Δ
H:
the overall difference in potential
energy between the products and the reactants.
Δ H = PE
PRODUCTS
- PE
REACTANTS
Endothermic
Exothermic
ΔH = + (overall gain)
ΔH = - (overall loss)
Energy is absorbed
Energy is released
Mar46:48PM
EnergychangesandDiagrams
Endothermic Exothermic
ΔH = + (overall gain)
ΔH = - (overall loss)
Energy is absorbed
Energy is released
Reaction
Reaction
P.E.
P.E.
Reactants
Products
Reactants
Products
Apr2410:45AM
ELEPHANTS TOOTHPASTE
pf3

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Mar 41:54 PM

Potential Energy Diagrams

Aim: To analyze the change in PE for a

reaction.

Mar 46:48 PM

Energy changes and Diagrams

• Every chemical reaction will either absorb or release

energy.

• A potential energy diagram shows the change in energy

during a reaction.

• Heat^ of^ Reaction,^ Δ H:^ the^ overall^ difference^ in^ potential

energy between the products and the reactants.

ΔH = PEPRODUCTS - PEREACTANTS

Endothermic Exothermic

ΔH = + (overall gain) ΔH = - (overall loss)

Energy is absorbed Energy is released

Mar 46:48 PM

Energy changes and Diagrams

Endothermic Exothermic

ΔH = + (overall gain) ΔH = - (overall loss)

Energy is absorbed Energy is released

Reaction Reaction

P.E. P.E.

Reactants Products (^) Reactants Products

Apr 2410:45 AM

ELEPHANTS TOOTHPASTE

Apr 2410:51 AM

4. Below is a sketch of the potential energy diagram for the decomposition

reaction of hydrogen peroxide.

∙ Label^ the^ location^ of^ the^ reactants^ and^ products.

∙ Label the ΔH, and the activation energy.

∙ Indicate the addition of a catalyst on the potential energy diagram

curve using a dashed line.

Apr 149:51 AM

Mar 510:04 AM

Products

A + B
C + D

Potential Energy Reaction Pathway Reactants 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

DIAGRAM #1 500

Reaction: A + B C + D + Heat

  1. What is the potential energy of the reactants?
  2. What is the potential energy of the products?
  3. In the potential energy diagram above, what is the activation energy of the forward reaction?
  4. What is the ΔH (total energy change) of the reaction? Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic?

Mar 510:04 AM

Products

A + B
C + D

Potential Energy Reaction Pathway Reactants 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

DIAGRAM #1 500

Reaction: A + B C + D + Heat

  1. What is the potential energy of the reactants?
  2. What is the potential energy of the products?
  3. In the potential energy diagram above, what is the activation energy of the forward reaction?
  4. What is the ΔH (total energy change) of the reaction? Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic?

350 kJ

150 kJ

500‐350= 150 kJ

150‐350= ‐200 kJ; exothermic