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BASW Position on Social Work with Dying & Families, Lecture notes of Ethics

The key principles underlying good social work practice with people who are dying and their families, emphasizing the importance of adhering to the code of ethics, providing sensitive support, ensuring safeguarding, upholding human rights, and advocating for policies that maximize support for those who are dying. The document also discusses the societal and legal context needed to underpin this practice.

What you will learn

  • What are the human rights considerations for social workers working with people who are dying?
  • What are the key principles underlying good social work practice with people who are dying and their families?

Typology: Lecture notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

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BASW is the Professional Association for Social Workers in the United Kingdom. We seek
to promote best practice in social work and to secure the well-being of social workers.
BASW is frequently asked to explain the position of the social work profession on current
issues. These position statements seek to explain positions that we express on issues
that arise frequently. They comprise statements in bold and commentary in italics. The
commentary seeks to reflect our Code of Ethics, the views of our members expressed
through our democratic structures, and our understanding of social work internationally as
a practice-based profession and an academic discipline.
BASW expects social workers to act at all times in accordance with the Code of Ethics for
Social Workers, and provides support to help them to do so.
This position statement is about clarifying the key principles underlying good practice in
social work with people who are dying and their families: and the societal and legal
context needed to underpin this practice. It also has relevance for all social workers,
particularly those working with older people and those severely disabled or ill, including
those with mental health issues.
1. The time when a person is dying and their death is one of great significance to
them and all their family and friends. It is essential that social workers should fully
adhere to their code of ethics and provide sensitive, consistent, evidence-based
social work support to all concerned.
Commentary Social work practice is based on the recognition of the equal, inherent worth
and value of all people (BASW Code of Ethics p5). Social workers may practice in
specialist settings such as hospices and hospitals, or may encounter the need to support
those who are dying in any other services, including children’s services. Good quality
palliative care is holistic, based on enabling the person who is dying to have a good quality
of life, recognising their individual spiritual, emotional, cultural, medical and practical
needs.
Surveys on public attitudes to death indicate most people want to be surrounded by loved
ones (83%) and to be pain-free (78%) (Presentation by Preth Rao, Head of Policy and
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BASW is the Professional Association for Social Workers in the United Kingdom. We seek to promote best practice in social work and to secure the well-being of social workers. BASW is frequently asked to explain the position of the social work profession on current issues. These position statements seek to explain positions that we express on issues that arise frequently. They comprise statements in bold and commentary in italics. The commentary seeks to reflect our Code of Ethics, the views of our members expressed through our democratic structures, and our understanding of social work internationally as a practice-based profession and an academic discipline. BASW expects social workers to act at all times in accordance with the Code of Ethics for Social Workers, and provides support to help them to do so. This position statement is about clarifying the key principles underlying good practice in social work with people who are dying and their families: and the societal and legal context needed to underpin this practice. It also has relevance for all social workers, particularly those working with older people and those severely disabled or ill, including those with mental health issues.

1. The time when a person is dying and their death is one of great significance to them and all their family and friends. It is essential that social workers should fully adhere to their code of ethics and provide sensitive, consistent, evidence-based social work support to all concerned. Commentary Social work practice is based on the recognition of the equal, inherent worth and value of all people (BASW Code of Ethics p5). Social workers may practice in specialist settings such as hospices and hospitals, or may encounter the need to support those who are dying in any other services, including children’s services. Good quality palliative care is holistic, based on enabling the person who is dying to have a good quality of life, recognising their individual spiritual, emotional, cultural, medical and practical needs. Surveys on public attitudes to death indicate most people want to be surrounded by loved ones (83%) and to be pain-free (78%) (Presentation by Preth Rao, Head of Policy and

Campaigns, Sue Ryder, to Choice at End of Life All Party Parliamentary Group on 28 January 2015). Many things can get ‘emotionally heightened’ around the time of a death, including individual and family tensions. Carers’ responsibilities may become onerous and/or overwhelming. How such matters are resolved can have lasting implications for carers, close family and friends in the future. It is important that social workers recognise the diversity and complexity of such situations and have time to ensure that no-one feels abandoned, isolated, or left overwhelmed. The concepts of ‘shared care’ and ensuring people feel ‘supported and accompanied’ at these times are central to good practice.

2. Social workers should ensure they are well prepared and able to undertake a safeguarding role, if required, in relation to a person who is dying. Commentary Social workers in all settings have responsibilities for recognising the need to safeguard adults and children. Social workers with statutory responsibilities have a duty to protect their service users from harm and abuse, be it by acts of commission or omission. When someone is dying their increasing physical weakness may make them more vulnerable to emotional, physical, and/or financial abuse or self-harm. The abuse can be perpetrated by family members, carers, health or social care practitioners, or anyone in a position to exploit the person and situation. Social workers should keep themselves updated in relevant literature and research (BASW Code of Ethics, Ethical Practice Principle 14 p15) and should exercise authority appropriately to safeguard people with whom they work and to ensure people have as much control over their lives as is consistent with the rights of others. (BASW Code of Ethics, Ethical Practice Principle 6 p13). 3. The law and agency practice should uphold the human rights to life and freedom from inhuman and degrading treatment (Articles 3 and 5, Universal Declaration of Human Rights). No dying person should be encouraged to take their own life by any individual or any societal, legal or institutional influences. Commentary The present legal position is that ‘active euthanasia’ or ‘assisted suicide/dying’ is against the law in the UK. However, ‘passive euthanasia’, where death will be caused by withholding or withdrawing life-preserving treatment, is lawful; and across the four nations of the UK, either under legislative provisions or under the common law people can make ‘advance statements’ about what life-preserving treatment they might wish to have withdrawn or withheld. There have been several attempts by individual Members of Parliament to bring in legislation which would make ‘assisted’ suicide/dying lawful (as it is in Oregon in the US and a few European countries). The Campaign for Assisted Dying (formerly the Euthanasia Society) linked to the charity Compassion in Dying has spearheaded these efforts, whilst disability, doctors’ and many religious groups are opposed to such law