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PORTAGE LEARNING NURS 231 Pathophysiology 2022 Module 4 Exam. PORTAGE LEARNING NURS 231 Pathophysiology 2022 Module 4 Exam. PORTAGE LEARNING NURS 231 Pathophysiology 2022 Module 4 Exam.
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Which of the following increases the chance of clotting? Select all that apply. Vitamin K deficiency Von Willebrand factor deficiency Correct! Protein C deficiency Thrombocytopenia
A deficiency in which of the following would lead to a hypercoagulable state? Select all that apply. Correct! Protein C Correct! Protein S Factor II Factor VII Factor IX Factor X Correct! Antithrombin III
Well-known causes of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) include each of the following conditions except: Retained dead fetus Carcinoma
Which of the following are TRUE of hemophilia A? Select all that apply. Correct! Spontaneous joint bleeding can occur ou Answered The platelet count is decreased Aspirin and NSAIDS are the mainstay of treatment orrect Answer The PTT is increased Gram-negative sepsis Correct! Heparin administration
Which of the following does NOT affect the heart’s ability to increase its output? Preload Afterload Cardiac contractility Correct! Cardiac reserve Heart rate
Multiple Choice Which of the following is NOT associated with iron deficiency anemia? orrect Answer Normocytic Hypochromic ou Answered Decreased MCV Low hemoglobin
Multiple Choice What are the two most common causes of macrocytic anemia? Iron deficiency anemia, Thalassemias Folate deficiency, Sickle cell disease Sickle cell disease, Vitamin B12 deficiency Correct! Vitamin B12 deficiency and Folate deficiency
A child with homozygous sickle cell disease arrives at the ER. Lab tests indicate pneumococcal sepsis, a bacterial infection. Imaging called spleen scintigraphy measures IV administered radiopharmaceutical tracers present in the tissue, and is used to assess the size, shape, position, and health of the organ. While the physician could palpate the patient's spleen, it could not be visualized by the scintigraphy. What is the likely complication this patient is experiencing? Hemolytic anemia Acute chest syndrome orrect Answer Functional asplenia ou Answered Splenomegaly Hypersplenism
Multiple Choice: Each of the following are risk factors for secondary hyperlipidemia except? Obesity Diabetes mellitus High cholesterol diet Correct! Autosomal dominant disorder of LDL receptor
Multiple Choice: Risk factors for coronary heart disease include each of the following except: Correct! HDL > 60 Smoking Hypertension Family history of heart disease
Multiple Choice:
Fill in the Blank:
Explain the differences in the pathophysiology, symptoms, and whether nitroglycerin and/or rest will relieve symptoms in stable angina, unstable angina , and myocardial infarction. Your Answer:
artherscloes disease cornary vessel become norrow and the blood supply to the diminish, with extertion vessel cant vasodilate, therefore PT feels pain in the chest and short breath , that is what stable angina is. stable angina the heart is at rest but cant keep up the demand extertion. stable angina typically >70% stenosis cornary artries, it can be relieve with rest or nitroglyclcerin unstable agina is with increase occlusion cornary vessel demand with heart at rest may become to great.when the PT experience angina without extertion that is unstable angina. unstable angiona means one more cornary arties are nearly or totaly occluded res is unsufficeint but nitrogycycerin can releive myocardial infraction is cause by when plaque repture cornary thrombosis can cause complete occlosusion.if the collrate flow is not the tissue supplied vessel become ischemd with oxygen and portion of the heart muscle can die that is the couse of MI. the symptoms of the heart attack are pain in the jow lefts side pain that can raidiate to the left hand nusea/vomating , shortness ofbreath crushin pain in the chest, women can feel fatigue, weekness, also GI complain, it canot be relieve with nitrglyclerin With atherosclerotic disease, the coronary vessel lumens are narrowed and blood supply to the heart is diminished. With exertion, the vessels cannot adequately vasodilate. This can manifest as chest pain or tightness and/or shortness of breath. Stable angina - The heart is stable at rest but cannot keep up with the demand of exertion. Stable angina typically has a
70% stenosis of the coronary arteries. It is relieved by rest or nitroglycerin (vasodilator).
