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Physiology 2: Module 1 Exam
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This is a bundle of axons found in the peripheral nervous system. - Correct Answer nerve This part of the autonomic system accelerates the heart beat and increases breathing rate. - Correct Answer sympathetic nervous system The ventral root of a nerve contains what type of neurons? - Correct Answer motor (efferent) This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses towards the cell body. - Correct Answer denderites A neuron going to the bicep of the forearm is part of the: - Correct Answer A. Central nervous system B. Peripheral nervous system C. Autonomic system D. Somatic system E. A&C Correct! F. B&D
Physiology 2: Module 1 Exam
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The neuron pictured, below, is best described as: - Correct Answer A) Bipolar B) Correct! Multipolar C) Unipolar D) Pseudounipolar True or false: Neurons do not physically touch one another. - Correct Answer True Neurons do not physically touch. They are separated by synapses. Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters. - Correct Answer The neuron cell body manufactures neurotransmitters, which are stored in secretory vesicles at the end of axon terminals. An afferent neuron carries information: - Correct Answer A) From the central to the peripheral nervous system B) Correct Answer From the peripheral to the central nervous system C) Within the central nervous system D) Within the peripheral nervous system
Physiology 2: Module 1 Exam
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The charge drops below -70mV and then returns to -70mV once at resting state again. At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is: - Correct Answer A) 0 mV B) +40 mV C) Correct! Polarized (around -70mV) D) Depolarized Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump? - Correct Answer A) It maintains the resting phase of an axon. B) For every three sodium ions pumped out, two potassium ions are pumped in. C) It must remain in constant operation to maintain the resting state. D) Correct Answer The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane. (False, the effect of the pump is a negative charge inside the membrane, positive on the outside.)
Physiology 2: Module 1 Exam
questions and answers latest update
True or false: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of extreme pain. This means that the strength of the action potential is greater than usual. Explain your reasoning. - Correct Answer False There is no variation in the strength of action potentials. (It is an all-or-nothing response). There is variation in the number and frequency of neurons firing. Which of the following statements is true concerning the neuromuscular junction? - Correct Answer A) The NMJ terminates on neurons within the brain and spinal cord. B) Correct! The NMJ terminates on a muscle fiber. C) The NMJ terminates on a presynaptic motor neuron. D) The NMJ does not have a synapse. How is a message sent from one neuron to another? - Correct Answer There is a minute fluid-filled space, called a synapse, between the axon terminal of the sending neuron and the dendrite of the receiving neuron. When a nerve impulse reaches the end of an axon, neurotransmitters are released into the synapse. These bind with a receptor on the next neuron, opening Na+ gates in the receiving dendrite which causes depolarization and the impulse is carried.
Physiology 2: Module 1 Exam
questions and answers latest update
C) Some reflexes can be tested to determine injury. D) Correct Answer Pulling a hand away from a hot flame is not a reflex; it is entirely voluntary. What is true about the stretch reflex? - Correct Answer A) Stretch reflexes help to increase the stretch on a muscle. B) The patellar reflex tests the stretch reflex of the patella. C) Correct! The muscle spindle detects stretch within the muscle. D) The effect of the motor signal is to relax a muscle. What is true about the flexor withdrawal reflex? - Correct Answer A. It does not involve interneurons. B. It involves excitatory interneurons. C. It involves inhibitory interneurons. D. The effect of the reflex is to create a co-contraction of two muscles E. A&D Correct! F. B&C
Physiology 2: Module 1 Exam
questions and answers latest update
Answer the following essay questions: You touch a hot pan when cooking. List out the steps, in detail, of the nervous pathway of the reflex that occurs. Include any sensory organs involved and the action of the reflex. - Correct Answer 1. pain receptor in the skin sends a nerve impluse that moves along the dendrite toward the cell body and CNS
- after it reaches the cell body, the impluse moves along the axon of the sensory nerve and synapse on the interneurons
- Excitatory interneurons send singlas to motor neurons to the biceps which leads to a muscle contraction and elbow flexion. This action causes the hand to remove from the hot object.
- inhibitory interneurons send signals that simultaneously prevent muscle contractions of the triceps. If both the tricep and bicep are contracting at the same time the hand will not move from the hot object. Answer the following essay questions: Botulism is a disease caused by a neurotoxin that interferes with the release of Acetylcholine. Patients with this disease experience flaccid paralysis, or the inability to contract their muscles. Explain why this would occur. - Correct Answer The nervous system interacts with the muscular system at the neuromuscular junction. Acetylcholine must be released from the presynaptic motor neuron into the synapse to bind onto the muscle fiber, eventually causing a muscle
