Dr. John Redden
Physiology and Neurobiology
University of Connecticut
UNIT 1:
BLOOD
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PNB 2265 Unit 1- Blood, Slides of Human Physiology
PNB 2265 Unit 1- Blood Lecture Slides (W/ quiz answers)
Typology: Slides
2020/2021
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Dr. John Redden Physiology and Neurobiology University of Connecticut
UNIT 1:
BLOOD
Learning Objective: Slide Number:
LECTURE ROADMAP:
1. Blood Composition/Analysis
2. Red Blood Cells: Structure/Function
3. Erythropoiesis
4. Blood Typing
5. Platelets: Function
6. Hemostasis
Learning Objective: Slide Number:
GENERAL FUNCTIONS:
Transport
- Nutrients, Wastes, Gases (O2 & CO2)
Regulation
- pH (~7.4)
- Osmolarity
- Temperature (~38°C),
- Fluid Loss (Injury)
Protection
- Component of Immune System
Learning Objective: Slide Number:
FRACTIONATED BLOOD
1. Plasma (46-63%)
- Liquid Portion
2. Formed Elements (37-54%)
- Cells (RBC, WBC)
- Cell Fragments (Platelets)
Learning Objective: Slide Number:
SIMPLE ANALYSIS: HEMATOCRIT
The Volume Red Blood Cells Occupy in A
Blood Sample
Typically Expressed As a Percentage
Learning Objective: Slide Number:
LESS SIMPLE ANALYSIS: CBC
Complete Blood Count
8
One...Two…Three…
Learning Objective: Slide Number:
RED BLOOD CELLS (ERYTHROCYTES)
The Most Abundant Formed Element
Orders of Magnitude Higher Than Other Cells
Learning Objective: Slide Number:
WHITE BLOOD CELLS (LEUKOCYTE)
Less abundant formed element – many varieties/subtypes
Learning Objective: Slide Number:
CBC + DIFFERENTIAL (“DIFF”)
Looks Specifically At Subpopulations of White Blood Cells
Diff
Erythrocytes
Learning Objective: Slide Number:
RED BLOOD CELLS CONTAIN HB
Hemoglobin Is The Most Abundant Protein In RBC (30% of mass )
Learning Objective: Slide Number:
HEMOGLOBIN: STRUCTURE
Hemoglobin Is A Globular Protein Made From Four Subunits (“Globins”)
The “Globins” Are Encoded by Separate Genes:
Adult Hemoglobin: Alpha (α) Globin and Beta (β) Globin
Fetal Hemoglobin: Alpha (α) and Gamma (γ) Globin
Learning Objective: Slide Number:
GLOBINS CONTAIN HEME
Heme groups exhibit cooperative binding
How Can We Describe The Way that Oxygen And Hemoglobin Interact?
Hb-O2 Dissociation Curve
Carbon Dioxide Binding
Facilitates the Release of
Oxygen!
The Bohr Effect
The Haldane Effect
Deoxygenation Promotes CO 2
Binding to Hemoglobin!
Learning Objective: Slide Number:
CELL SIZE HAS PREDICTIVE VALUE…
Allows for more accurate description of the anemia