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PNB 2265 Unit 1- Blood, Slides of Human Physiology

PNB 2265 Unit 1- Blood Lecture Slides (W/ quiz answers)

Typology: Slides

2020/2021

Available from 08/19/2024

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Dr. John Redden
Physiology and Neurobiology
University of Connecticut
UNIT 1:
BLOOD
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Download PNB 2265 Unit 1- Blood and more Slides Human Physiology in PDF only on Docsity!

Dr. John Redden Physiology and Neurobiology University of Connecticut

UNIT 1:

BLOOD

Learning Objective: Slide Number:

LECTURE ROADMAP:

1. Blood Composition/Analysis

2. Red Blood Cells: Structure/Function

3. Erythropoiesis

4. Blood Typing

5. Platelets: Function

6. Hemostasis

Learning Objective: Slide Number:

GENERAL FUNCTIONS:

Transport

  • Nutrients, Wastes, Gases (O2 & CO2)

Regulation

  • pH (~7.4)
  • Osmolarity
  • Temperature (~38°C),
  • Fluid Loss (Injury)

Protection

  • Component of Immune System

Learning Objective: Slide Number:

FRACTIONATED BLOOD

1. Plasma (46-63%)

  • Liquid Portion

2. Formed Elements (37-54%)

  • Cells (RBC, WBC)
  • Cell Fragments (Platelets)

Learning Objective: Slide Number:

SIMPLE ANALYSIS: HEMATOCRIT

The Volume Red Blood Cells Occupy in A

Blood Sample

Typically Expressed As a Percentage

Learning Objective: Slide Number:

LESS SIMPLE ANALYSIS: CBC

Complete Blood Count

8

One...Two…Three…

Learning Objective: Slide Number:

RED BLOOD CELLS (ERYTHROCYTES)

The Most Abundant Formed Element

Orders of Magnitude Higher Than Other Cells

Learning Objective: Slide Number:

WHITE BLOOD CELLS (LEUKOCYTE)

Less abundant formed element – many varieties/subtypes

Learning Objective: Slide Number:

CBC + DIFFERENTIAL (“DIFF”)

Looks Specifically At Subpopulations of White Blood Cells

Diff

Erythrocytes

Learning Objective: Slide Number:

RED BLOOD CELLS CONTAIN HB

Hemoglobin Is The Most Abundant Protein In RBC (30% of mass )

Learning Objective: Slide Number:

HEMOGLOBIN: STRUCTURE

Hemoglobin Is A Globular Protein Made From Four Subunits (“Globins”)

The “Globins” Are Encoded by Separate Genes:

Adult Hemoglobin: Alpha (α) Globin and Beta (β) Globin

Fetal Hemoglobin: Alpha (α) and Gamma (γ) Globin

Learning Objective: Slide Number:

GLOBINS CONTAIN HEME

Heme groups exhibit cooperative binding

How Can We Describe The Way that Oxygen And Hemoglobin Interact?

Hb-O2 Dissociation Curve

Carbon Dioxide Binding

Facilitates the Release of

Oxygen!

The Bohr Effect

The Haldane Effect

Deoxygenation Promotes CO 2

Binding to Hemoglobin!

Learning Objective: Slide Number:

CELL SIZE HAS PREDICTIVE VALUE…

Allows for more accurate description of the anemia