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PMP Scope Management Study Guide with
Practice Questions: Full Mock Exam for Mastering
the Scope Section of the PMP Certification
Question 1: Based on the Loom video, what is the primary reason for the merge conflict occurring in the vectordb.py file? a) Different developers worked on different files within the same repository. b) Two developers simultaneously modified the same function (addFeedback) in the same file (vectordb.py). c) One developer introduced a bug in their code that prevents merging. d) The first pull request was not properly reviewed before being merged. Correct Answer: b) Two developers simultaneously modified the same function (addFeedback) in the same file (vectordb.py). Rationale: The video explicitly states that two developers, working on separate branches (feature/normalized_text and features), made changes to the same function (addFeedback) within the same file (vectordb.py). When the first developer's changes were merged, it created a divergence in the codebase compared to the second developer's branch, leading to the conflict. Question 2: What type of conflict is the speaker in the Loom video referring to when discussing the issue with the two pull requests? a) Branching conflict b) Repository conflict c) Merge conflict d) Commit conflict Correct Answer: c) Merge conflict Rationale: The scenario described is a classic example of a merge conflict in Git. It arises when Git attempts to integrate changes from one branch into another, and it
detects that changes have been made to the same lines (or closely related lines) of code in both branches since their common ancestor. Question 3: According to the Loom video, which of the following actions was taken by the developer on the feature/normalized_text branch? a) Added logging statements to the addFeedback function. b) Modified the database schema for feedback storage. c) Normalized the text and converted the feedback to lowercase in the addFeedback function. d) Created a new front-end component for user feedback. Correct Answer: c) Normalized the text and converted the feedback to lowercase in the addFeedback function. Rationale: The speaker explicitly states that "the first PR has normalized the text and converted the feedbacks into lowercase" within the addFeedback function. Question 4: What change was introduced by the developer on the features branch to the addFeedback function, as mentioned in the Loom video? a) Text normalization and lowercase conversion. b) Modification of the database interaction logic. c) Addition of logging statements. d) Creation of unit tests for the feedback functionality. Correct Answer: c) Addition of logging statements. Rationale: The speaker clearly states that "the second function is addFeedback. It's adding some logging." Question 5: What is the first step the developer encountering the merge conflict (on the features branch) would typically take to begin resolving it, based on standard Git workflow? a) Delete their local features branch and recreate it from the remote. b) Force push their features branch to overwrite the remote. c) Fetch the latest changes from the remote repository and attempt to merge the target branch (e.g., main) into their features branch.
A. On all risks B. Only on risks the project manager identifies C. Only in extreme cases D. Only on prioritized risks - - correct ans- - D. Only on prioritized risks Which of these is not an approved Estimate Activity Durations technique? A. Three Point Estimating B. Analogous Estimating C. Critical Path Estimation D. Parametric Estimating - - correct ans- - C. Critical Path Estimation As project manager, you would like to show the relationship between two variables to help your project team understand the quality impact better. Which tool should you use? A. Scatter Diagram B. Pareto Chart C. Run Chart D. Fishbone Diagram - - correct ans- - A. Scatter Diagram In a cause and effect diagram, which of these is not a potential cause? A. Time B. Personnel C. Problem statement D. Material - - correct ans- - C. Problem statement
Which document describes the project's deliverables and the work required to create those deliverables? A. Project charter B. Project authorization document C. Project scope management plan D. Project scope statement - - correct ans- - D. Project scope statement During a presentation to management, you want to display the project schedule with only the key deliverables displayed. What is the correct tool for this purpose? A. Critical path network B. Project schedule network diagram C. Critical chain diagram D. Milestone chart - - correct ans- - D. Milestone chart If you want to reduce the number of quality inspections and so reduce the cost of quality control for your project, use which technique? A. Pareto Chart B. Run Chart C. Statistical Sampling D. Defect Repair Review - - correct ans- - C. Statistical Sampling Which of the following is not a general management technique used to generate different approaches to execute and perform the project work? A. Brainstorming B. Analysis of alternatives
B. The project is right on budget. C. The project is over budget. D. The project is under budget. - - correct ans- - D. The project is under budget. Which of the following statements is correct? A. A program need not consist of projects. B. A program is a group of unrelated projects. C. A collection of unrelated programs can constitute a portfolio. D. The scope of a portfolio is typically smaller than that of a program. - - correct ans- - C. A collection of unrelated programs can constitute a portfolio. Explanation: A portfolio refers to a collection of projects or programs that are grouped together to facilitate their effective management. The projects or programs need not be directly related or interdependent. Which of the following items needs to be kept in mind when relying on risk identification checklists? A. They are biased. B. They are not exhaustive. C. They are easy to prepare. D. They are often inaccurate. - - correct ans- - They are not exhaustive. A company manages SBG contracting bids for government tenders and all successful bids as a separate project. The structure of the company is mainly projectized for a dedicated project team to manage each project. However, to realize economies of scale, there are some central departments that serve all projects. Which of the following role is most likely to be working in a central department instead of directly working with a project team?
A. Procurement administrator B. Quality control inspector C. Construction manager D. Project planner - - correct ans- - A. Procurement administrator Explanation: In order to realize economies of scope, many organizations treat contract administration as an administrative function separate from the project organization. This is usually true if the performing organization is also the seller of the project to an external customer. The Control Procurements process receives a very important input from the Monitor and Control Project Work process. Which one is it? A. Work performance information B. Work performance reports C. Approved change requests D. Work performance data - - correct ans- - B. Work performance reports Explained: Work performance reports are provided to the Control Procurements process by the Monitor and Control Project Work process (correct answer). In return, the Control Procurements process provides work performance information to the Monitor and Control Project Work process. Approved change requests and Work performance data are provided by the Perform Integrated Change Control and Direct and Manage Project Work processes respectively. Julia is currently recruiting her project team. She has carried out various interviews and has shortlisted potential candidates. Now, according to the project communication management plan, she has to submit the shortlisted profiles to the project client (customer) for approval. Only then, can she formally hire the approved candidates for
C. Finish-to-Start (FS) D. Start-to-Start (SS) - - correct ans- - C. Finish-to-Start (FS) This is a situation where the editing activity can happen only after the film shooting has been completed. Hence, the logical relationship between the two tasks is Finish-to- Start (FS). After one year of construction, an office building is scheduled for completion on 30 January. The landscaping work needs to start 15 days prior to the building's completion. Which of the following relationships most likely represents the relationship of the start of landscaping work to the completion of the office building? A. Start-to-finish with a 15-day lead B. Finish - to- Start with a 15-day lag C. Start-to-finish with a 15-day lag D. Finish - to- Start with a 15-day lead - - correct ans- - D. Finish - to- Start with a 15-day lead The landscaping work needs to start before completion of the office building, so it is a finish-to-start relationship. Since it needs to start 15 days before completion of the building, it requires a lead of 15 days. Hence, the answer is finish-to-start with a 15-day lead. As a project manager, you are in the process of preparing the project schedule for the project. Which of the following accurately depicts the sequence of your activities before you began to prepare the project schedule? A. Estimate Activity Resources, Estimate Activity Durations, Sequence Activities B. Sequence Activities, Estimate Activity Resources, Estimate Activity Durations C. Sequence Activities, Estimate Activity Durations, Estimate Activity Resources
D.Estimate Activity Durations, Sequence Activities, Estimate Activity Resources - - correct ans- - B. Sequence Activities, Estimate Activity Resources, Estimate Activity Durations The correct sequence of processes in the Time Management Knowledge Area is: Plan Schedule Management, Define Activities, Sequence Activities, Estimate Activity Resources, Estimate Activity Durations, Develop Schedule, and Control Schedule. While planning the schedule for your project, you frequently refer to the project calendar. The project calendar is: A. A calendar of working days or shifts that establishes those dates on which schedule activities are worked. B. A calendar containing the days on which various meetings are scheduled with the project team. C.A calendar containing the list of days on which the project team members will be on leave or take an "off." D. A calendar that establishes the dates on which project deliverables go to the customer. - - correct ans- - A. A calendar of working days or shifts that establishes those dates on which schedule activities are worked. You are managing a software project. Your QA manager tells you that you need to plan to have her team start their test planning activity so that it finishes just before testing begins. But other than that, she says it can start as late in the project necessary. What's the relationship between the test planning activity and the testing activity. A. SS B. SF C. FS D. FF - - correct ans- - C. Finish to Start (FS)
B. Assigning more people to the tasks at a greater total cost, especially for activities on the critical path. C. Starting activities earlier and overlapping them more, which will cost more and could add risks. D. Shortening the durations of the activities and asking people to work overtime to accommodate that. - - correct ans- - C. Starting activities earlier and overlapping them more, which will cost more and could add risks. Slack is synonym for: A. Float B. Lag C. Buffer D. Reserve - - correct ans- - A. Float You're managing a construction project. You've decomposed work packages into activities, and your client needs a duration estimate for each activity that you've come up with. Which of the following will you use for this? A. Milestone List B. Activity List C. Critical Path Analysis D. Project Schedule Network Diagram - - correct ans- - B. Activity List You're managing a software project when a customer informs you that a schedule change is necessary. Which is the best thing to do? A. Consult the schedule management plan B. Notify the team and the sponsor that there's going to be a schedule change. C. Influence the factors that cause change
D. Refuse to make a change because there's already a schedule baseline. - - correct ans- - A. Consult the schedule management plan Your company has previously run other projects similar to the one you're currently managing. What is the BEST way to use the information? A. Check the organizational process assets for lessons learned and other information about the pass projects. B. Use parametric estimation to estimate your project based on past projects' performance. C. Start from scratch because you don't want mistakes from past projects to influence you. D. Reuse the Project Management plan from the past project. - - correct ans- - A. Check the organizational process assets for lessons learned and other information about the pass projects. You're planning the schedule for a highway construction project, but the final date you came up with will run into the next budget year. The state comes up with capital from a reserve fund, and now you can increase the budget for your resources. What's the best way to compress the schedule? A. Go back to your three-point estimates and use the most optimistic ones. B. Use the extra budget to increase your contingency reserve. C. Hire more experts to use expert judgement so your estimate are more accurate. D. Crash the schedule - - correct ans- - D. Crash the schedule You're managing a construction project. You've decomposed woork packages into activities, and your client needs a duration estimate for each activity that you came up with. Which of the following BEST describes what you are doing. A. Evaluating each activity to figure out how much effort it will take B. Estimating the number of person-hours that will be required for each activity
You have a contract to build a manufacturing plant in Kuala Lumpur. However, you are not familiar with the building codes in Kuala Lumpur or Malaysia, so you are reviewing all their building codes prior to "turning a shovelful of earth." This is an example of: A. Quality Planning B. Project Initiation C. Quality Assurance D. Quality Control - - correct ans- - A. Quality Planning All types of quality plans, such as building codes, OSHA guidelines, ISO 9000, or company quality plans are examples of Enterprise Environmental Factors and Organizational Process Assets which are inputs to the Plan Quality Management process. [PMBOK 6th Edition, Pages 280, 281] An automotive designer uses a certain technique to determine which combination of suspension and tires will produce the most desirable ride characteristics at a reasonable cost. To do this, the designer employs a statistical framework and systematically changes all the important parameters instead of changing the factors one at a time. This method is known as: A. Nominal Group Techniques B. Design Experiments C. Statistical Sampling D. Force Field Analysis - - correct ans- - B. Design Experiments The correct response is Design of Experiments; this method plays a key role in optimization of products or processes. [PMBOK 6th edition, Page 290] When is Rolling Wave Planning useful in a project?
A. You should use Rolling Wave Planning to help you determine which activities are more important and to do them first. B. You should use Rolling Wave Planning to determine the correct sequencing for long- term items. C. You should use Rolling Wave Planning to help you organize team members' activities within a large project group. D. You should use Rolling Wave Planning to help you achieve the appropriate level of detail in each work package at the right time. - - correct ans- - D. You should use Rolling Wave Planning to help you achieve the appropriate level of detail in each work package at the right time. Rolling Wave Planning is a technique used to create a more detailed work plan while keeping the right level of detail for each activity: Activities happening sooner have more detail than those further in the future. [PMBOK 6th edition, Page 185] What is the traditional way to display a reporting structure among project team members? A. Project Organization Charts B. Flowchart C. Text-oriented role description D. Matrix-based responsibility chart - - correct ans- - A. Project Organization Charts A hierarchical-type organization chart can clearly show roles and reporting relationships within a team. [PMBOK 6th edition, Page 319] Which of the following should you not use as an input into creating the WBS structure? A. Requirements documentation B. Project scope statement C. Organizational process assets
Increasing the number of resources in order to crash a project schedule does not always cut the time by the same factor. In worst cases, too many resources assigned to an activity may actually increase the activity duration. This is because: A. Additional risk introduced due to crashing B. Decrease in cost budget C. Funding limit reconciliation D. Required additional coordination - - correct ans- - D. Required additional coordination Increasing the number of resources in order to crash a project schedule does not always cut the time by the same factor. In worst cases, too many resources to the activity may actually increase the duration due to required additional coordination. Other choices are either not applicable or do not directly influence the project schedule. [PMBOK 6th edition, Page 197] Jane is currently reviewing a list of project proposals. All the proposed projects achieve some of the organizational strategic objectives and their expected costs are known. However, Jane cannot execute all the projects due to the funding limitation. How shall Jane determine which projects she needs to execute this year? A. Select the low-budget projects and drop the high-budget projects B. Select the high-budget projects and drop the low-budget projects C. Select the projects that maximize organizational revenue D. Select the projects that maximize the business value - - correct ans- - D. Select the projects that maximize the business value Project should never be prioritized based on their budgets. Selecting the projects that maximize organizational revenue or selecting the projects that maximize the business value seem good options. However, adding to business value takes precedence over adding the organizational revenue, since there can be projects that add more to the revenue but add less to the business value. [PMBOK 6th edition, Page 7]
- Project knowledge management is concerned with managing which type of project knowledge? A. Tacit" knowledge; as this involves beliefs, insights, experience and "know-how" B. "Explicit" knowledge; as this can be readily codified C. "Tacit" knowledge; as this is difficult to express D. Both "explicit" and "tacit" knowledge - - correct ans- - D. Both "explicit" and "tacit" knowledge Each critical project communication requirement must be carefully analyzed. One good way is to use a communication model to design effective communications. What is the sequence of steps in a basic communication model? A. Encode - > Transmit - > Decode - > Acknowledge - > Feedback B. Encode - > Transmit - > Decode - > Feedback - > Acknowledge C. Encode - > Decode - > Transmit - > Acknowledge - > Feedback D. Decode - > Encode - > Transmit - > Acknowledge - > Feedback - - correct ans- - A. Encode - > Transmit - > Decode - > Acknowledge - > Feedback A contractor is currently constructing a new building for your organization on a cost- plus-incentive contract. You just received the project status report from the contractor's project manager. According to the report, the project's CPI is 1.5. You are shocked because you believe the project costs are out of control. Upon investigation, you learn the $1 million advance payment (20 percent of the estimated project cost) given to the contractor at the start of the project was included in the project's earned value. Further, the cost of the inventory at the project site was excluded from the total actual costs. According to the contract, your company reimburses only the costs for the completed deliverables and not for the supplies in the project's inventory. In this scenario, the reported project's CPI is incorrect because: A. Actual cost is understated.
